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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos. |
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Data corrente: |
18/10/2016 |
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Data da última atualização: |
20/10/2016 |
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Autoria: |
ALABOUDI, A. R.; JONES, G. A. |
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Título: |
Effect of acclimation to high nitrate intakes on some rumen fermentation parameters in sheep. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1985 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Canadian Journal of Animal Science, v. 65, n. 4, p. 841-849, Dec. 1985. |
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DOI: |
10.4141/cjas85-099 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Four sheep, fed a basal diet which included 44% cereal grain and 50% hay and which was supplemented with KNO3, were progressively acclimated to a KNO3 intake of 2.5 g kg body wt -1 day -1. Nitrate and nitrite reducing activity in strained rumen fluid (SRF) collected 2 h after feeding showed maximum values of 45.3 g N mL -1 h -1 and 39.4 g N mL -1 h -1, respectively, at an intake of 1.5 g kg body wt -1 day -1. The rate of nitrate reduction was threefold higher (P < 0.01), and that of nitrite reduction fivefold higher (P <0.01), than in SRF from sheep not receiving KNO3. When the KNO3 supplement was withdrawn the reducing activities fell to their initial levels within 3 wk. In a second experiment, nitrate, nitrite and volatile fatty acids in SRF, and methemoglobin in peripheral blood, were estimated at 30 -min intervals after feeding in four sheep, two of which received 1.5 g KNO3 kg body wt -1 day -1. In the animals fed KNO3 the peak concentration of nitrate in SRF (13.30 g NO -- mL -1) was reached 30 min after feeding, and that of nitrite (2.90 g NO2 -- N mL -1) 60 min after feeding; the presence of nitrate in SRF was associated with an increase in the molar proportion of acetate (P < 0.01) and a decrease in the proportion of n-butyrate (P < 0.01). The blood methemoglobin concentration did not exceed 2% (wt/wt) of total hemoglobin at any sampling time. In these animals 30 - 35 g KNO3 cleared the rumen within 3 h after feeding with no symptoms of nitrate toxicity. Enumeration of rumen bacteria by a direct isolation procedure indicated that the proportion of nitrate reducers in SRF was threefold higher (P < 0.01) in acclimated animals than in control animals. It was concluded that safe acclimation of sheep to high levels of dietary nitrate involved an increase in the rates of nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen, a narrowing of the ratio of these activities, and an increase in the proportion of nitrate reducing rumen bacteria. The residual effect of nitrate on the fermentation following clearance from the rumen was short-lived. Key words: MenosFour sheep, fed a basal diet which included 44% cereal grain and 50% hay and which was supplemented with KNO3, were progressively acclimated to a KNO3 intake of 2.5 g kg body wt -1 day -1. Nitrate and nitrite reducing activity in strained rumen fluid (SRF) collected 2 h after feeding showed maximum values of 45.3 g N mL -1 h -1 and 39.4 g N mL -1 h -1, respectively, at an intake of 1.5 g kg body wt -1 day -1. The rate of nitrate reduction was threefold higher (P < 0.01), and that of nitrite reduction fivefold higher (P <0.01), than in SRF from sheep not receiving KNO3. When the KNO3 supplement was withdrawn the reducing activities fell to their initial levels within 3 wk. In a second experiment, nitrate, nitrite and volatile fatty acids in SRF, and methemoglobin in peripheral blood, were estimated at 30 -min intervals after feeding in four sheep, two of which received 1.5 g KNO3 kg body wt -1 day -1. In the animals fed KNO3 the peak concentration of nitrate in SRF (13.30 g NO -- mL -1) was reached 30 min after feeding, and that of nitrite (2.90 g NO2 -- N mL -1) 60 min after feeding; the presence of nitrate in SRF was associated with an increase in the molar proportion of acetate (P < 0.01) and a decrease in the proportion of n-butyrate (P < 0.01). The blood methemoglobin concentration did not exceed 2% (wt/wt) of total hemoglobin at any sampling time. In these animals 30 - 35 g KNO3 cleared the rumen within 3 h after feeding with no symptoms of nitrate toxicity. Enumeration... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Bactéria do rúmen; Nitrite reduction; Rumen digestion. |
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Thesagro: |
Digestibilidade; Fermentação; Nitrato; Ovino; Toxidez. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
nitrate reduction; Nitrates; Rumen bacteria; Sheep; Toxicity. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02918naa a2200301 a 4500
001 2054945
005 2016-10-20
008 1985 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.4141/cjas85-099$2DOI
100 1 $aALABOUDI, A. R.
245 $aEffect of acclimation to high nitrate intakes on some rumen fermentation parameters in sheep.
260 $c1985
520 $aFour sheep, fed a basal diet which included 44% cereal grain and 50% hay and which was supplemented with KNO3, were progressively acclimated to a KNO3 intake of 2.5 g kg body wt -1 day -1. Nitrate and nitrite reducing activity in strained rumen fluid (SRF) collected 2 h after feeding showed maximum values of 45.3 g N mL -1 h -1 and 39.4 g N mL -1 h -1, respectively, at an intake of 1.5 g kg body wt -1 day -1. The rate of nitrate reduction was threefold higher (P < 0.01), and that of nitrite reduction fivefold higher (P <0.01), than in SRF from sheep not receiving KNO3. When the KNO3 supplement was withdrawn the reducing activities fell to their initial levels within 3 wk. In a second experiment, nitrate, nitrite and volatile fatty acids in SRF, and methemoglobin in peripheral blood, were estimated at 30 -min intervals after feeding in four sheep, two of which received 1.5 g KNO3 kg body wt -1 day -1. In the animals fed KNO3 the peak concentration of nitrate in SRF (13.30 g NO -- mL -1) was reached 30 min after feeding, and that of nitrite (2.90 g NO2 -- N mL -1) 60 min after feeding; the presence of nitrate in SRF was associated with an increase in the molar proportion of acetate (P < 0.01) and a decrease in the proportion of n-butyrate (P < 0.01). The blood methemoglobin concentration did not exceed 2% (wt/wt) of total hemoglobin at any sampling time. In these animals 30 - 35 g KNO3 cleared the rumen within 3 h after feeding with no symptoms of nitrate toxicity. Enumeration of rumen bacteria by a direct isolation procedure indicated that the proportion of nitrate reducers in SRF was threefold higher (P < 0.01) in acclimated animals than in control animals. It was concluded that safe acclimation of sheep to high levels of dietary nitrate involved an increase in the rates of nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen, a narrowing of the ratio of these activities, and an increase in the proportion of nitrate reducing rumen bacteria. The residual effect of nitrate on the fermentation following clearance from the rumen was short-lived. Key words:
650 $anitrate reduction
650 $aNitrates
650 $aRumen bacteria
650 $aSheep
650 $aToxicity
650 $aDigestibilidade
650 $aFermentação
650 $aNitrato
650 $aOvino
650 $aToxidez
653 $aBactéria do rúmen
653 $aNitrite reduction
653 $aRumen digestion
700 1 $aJONES, G. A.
773 $tCanadian Journal of Animal Science$gv. 65, n. 4, p. 841-849, Dec. 1985.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos (CNPC) |
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| 3. |  | LOURIOUX, A. M.; CASTELO BRANCO, M.; JONES, G. J. Identificação de fontes de alimentação de Diabrotica speciosa. Horticultura Brasileira, Brasília, DF, v. 23, n. 2, ago. 2005. Suplemento 2. CD-ROM Trabalho apresentado no 45. Congresso Brasileiro de Olericultura, Fortaleza, 2005. Publicado também como resumo em: Horticultura Brasileira, Brasília, DFF, v. 23, n.2, p.366, ago. 2005. Suplemento 1. Resumo 181.| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Hortaliças. |
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| 5. | | MONNERAT, R. G.; SOARES, C. M.; CAPDEVILLE, G.; JONES, G.; MARTINS, E. S.; PRAÇA, L.; CORDEIRO, B. A.; BRAZ, S. V.; SANTOS, R. C. dos; BERRY, C. Translocation and insecticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis living inside of plants. Microbial Biotechnology, v. 2, n. 4, p. 512-520, 2009.| Tipo: Artigo em Periódico Indexado | Circulação/Nível: B - 3 |
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| 6. | | CASTELO BRANCO, M.; VAZQUES, L. L.; JARAMILLO, J. E.; LONDOÑO, M.; FRANÇA. F. H.; VILLAS BOAS, G. L.; JONES, G. D.; MEDEIROS, M. A.; PEREIRA, P.; MONNERAL, R. G.; CREMA, A.; PONTES, L. A. A review of the biological control of Plutella xylostella (L.), diamondback moth, in South and Central America. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM [OF] IMPROVING BIOCONTROL OF PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA, 2002, Montpellier. Proceedings... Montpellier: CIRAD, 2004. p. 85-93.| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Hortaliças. |
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| 7. | | MILLA, R.; BASTIDA, J. M.; TURCOTTE, M. M.; JONES, G.; VIOLLE, C.; OSBORNE, C. P.; CHACÓN-LABELLA, J.; SOSINSKI JUNIOR, E. E.; KATTGE, J.; LAUGHLIN, D. C.; FOREY, E.; MINDEN, V.; CORNELISSEN, J. H. C.; AMIAUD, B.; KRAMES, K.; BOENISCH, G.; HE, TIANHUA; PILLAR, V. D.; BYUN, C. Phylogenetic patterns and phenotypic profiles of the species of plants and mammals farmed for food. Nature Ecology & Evolution, v. 2, p. 1808-1817, 2018.| Tipo: Artigo em Periódico Indexado | Circulação/Nível: A - 1 |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Clima Temperado. |
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| Registros recuperados : 7 | |
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