Data/hora: 23/06/2024 10:04:14

Biblioteca(s): 	Embrapa Pantanal.	
Data corrente: 	03/09/1996	
Data da última atualização: 	04/04/2017	
Autoria: 	SPARLING, G. P.; MURPHY, D. V.; THOMPSON, R. B.; FILLERY, I. R. P.	
Título: 	Short-term net N mineralization from plant residues and gross and net N mineralization from soil organic matter after rewetting of a seasonally dry soil.	
Ano de publicação: 	1995	
Fonte/Imprenta: 	Australian Journal Soil of Research, v.33, n.6, p.961-973, 1995.	
Idioma: 	Inglês	
Conteúdo: 	The mineralization of N from shoot residues of two legume species and a common weed component of Western Australian pastures was measured after a simulated summer rainfall in a laboratory experiment using undisturbed soil cores of a loamy sand. Water was added to the surface of the cores equivalent to a single rainfall event of 10 mm water (treatment 1); or followed 48 h later by a further application of 10 mm water (treatment 2). Net mineralization and microbial biomass N were measured over 144 h following the initial rewetting of the soil cores. Threes types of 15N-labelled plant residue, namely (i) lupin leaf (Lupinus angustifolium), (ii) clover (Trifolium subterraneum) shoot, burr and petiole, and (iii) capeweed (Arctotheca calendula) shoots and leaves were placed on the soil surface as large fragments and examined to asses their mineralization and incorporation into microbial biomass. The soils dried rapidly after rewetting and net mineralization of N was very low. The proportion of N as nitrate was increased in the rewetted soils with the major changes occurring in the top 5 cm of soil. However, there was very little mineralization of the surface-applied plant residues, with more than 90% of the mineral N being derived from the native organic matter. Microbial biomass showed fluctuations in both the rewetted treatments, but no consistent increase or decrease and no significant immobilization of 15N. Gross N mineralization was measured using an isotopic dilution technique involving the injection of 15N-labelled solutions into the soil. Estimates of gross N mineralization after a single rainfall event of 10 mm water were, on average, four times greather than measures of net N mineralization. Gross N mineralization rates declined as the soil dried, with three times more mineralization occurring in the 0-5 cm depth (4.73-8.93 ug g-1 day-1), compared with the 5-10 cm depth (0.86-2.38 ug g-1 day-1). A major disadvantage with the isotopic dilution method was that injection of the solutions into soil greatly increased the soil moisture content. Gross mineralization in the injected cores is likely to have been overestimated because of N movement below the sampling zone and increased microbial activity relative to non-injected cores.	
Palavras-Chave: 	Mirobial biomass.	
Thesagro: 	Matéria Orgânica; Mineralização; Nitrogênio; Solo.	
Thesaurus Nal: 	mineralization; nitrogen; organic matter; soil.	
Categoria do assunto: 	--	
Registro original: 	Embrapa Pantanal (CPAP)	
Exemplares: 	CPAP - (32905-1) - ADD - SP - PP - SP14970 -  - 14970 - DIS