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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Semiárido. |
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Data corrente: |
20/09/2004 |
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Data da última atualização: |
08/03/2023 |
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Autoria: |
DE NYS, E. |
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Título: |
Interaction between water supply and demand in two collective irrigation schemes in Nort-east Brazil. From analysis of management processes to modeling and decision support. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2004 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
2004. |
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Páginas: |
206 f. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Notas: |
Tese (Doctor) - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculteit Landdbouwkundige en Toegepaste: Biologische Wetenschappen, Leuven. |
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Conteúdo: |
Over the past three decades, public irrigation schemes have been exposed to a process of management transfer from the central government and the funding agencies to local entities such as water users. associations and districts. However, this management transfer has been in many cases poorly implemented. Frequently reported problems are: inappropriate design; poorly specified management functions; ineffective accountability; unclear ownership of the collective infrastructure; and a lack of support services for achieving the transfer of management with success. In the Petrolina-Juazeiro region in the Northeast of Brazil, the CODEVASF (Company for the Development of the VaIleys of the São Francisco and the Pamaíba Rivers) has started to graduaIly transfer the management of public irrigation schemes to districts or local management entities. The districts are responsible for every day management, but they also need to make strategic decisions that affect the sustainability (technical, financial, socio-economic, environmental) of the irrigation schemes in the long run. This dissertation was set up in the irrigation projects of Mandacaru and Maniçoba, to analyse the scheme management by the main intemal stakeholders (scheme manager versus farmers), as weIl as to support them to solve problems and to plan ahead. The research focused on the interaction between the scheme manager's water supply and the farmers' water demand, since it is the central function inside the irrigation scheme. The water demand and the supply are analysed from a planning perspective, throughout the life cycle of the irrigation scheme, from the assumptions for its initial design to the operational reality at present. The analysis has shown that the scheme manager has been facing several difficulties to adjust his plan of water supply to the evolution of the water demand. The main reasons for these difficulties are: low margin of manoeuvre in the initial design of the water supply; the scheme manager's poor insight in the diversity of the farmers and their water demand, which is related to the district's lack of planning and monitoring of the parameters that affect water demand; and low capacity of the district to fund the cost of major adjustments without public financial support. A simulation model was developed to support the stakeholders' reflections on altemative plans of the water supply and demand. The modelling of the collective water supply is limited to its main infrastructure and organizational parameters. The coIlective water demand is modeI\ed by using a farm typology that gives a simplified representation of the diversity of the farms in the irrigation scheme, as well as their water demands. The main output of the model is the coverage of the water demand by the water supply at scheme levei. The aim of the modelling approach was to provide support to stakeholders so that they can simulate and evaluate prospective scenarios of the water demand and alternative plans of the water supply, for example the possibility to increase the water supply by organizing water delivery to farmers at night. During both the analysis of management processes and the modelling phase, a discussion group composed of district staff, farmers' representatives and technical assistance was involved. The feedback of the discussion group, as well as their questions and evolving demands, has shown the interest of the approach to support the stakeholders' learning process in irrigation management, and to link different functions of scheme management. Indeed, the debates within the discussion groups have gone far beyond the strict scope of the water flow between the district and the farmers, to tackle strategic issues at the individual and the collective levels. ln this respect, analyses and modelling approaches were also undertaken to support on-farm irrigation management in relation to the risk of soil salinization, and to support the choice of a water tariff system. Further analysis of the real contribution of this type of decision support methods in the stakeholders' learning process of irrigation management needs to be undertaken on other case studies, so as to evaluate their real interest and transferability to other specific situations of irrigation scheme management. MenosOver the past three decades, public irrigation schemes have been exposed to a process of management transfer from the central government and the funding agencies to local entities such as water users. associations and districts. However, this management transfer has been in many cases poorly implemented. Frequently reported problems are: inappropriate design; poorly specified management functions; ineffective accountability; unclear ownership of the collective infrastructure; and a lack of support services for achieving the transfer of management with success. In the Petrolina-Juazeiro region in the Northeast of Brazil, the CODEVASF (Company for the Development of the VaIleys of the São Francisco and the Pamaíba Rivers) has started to graduaIly transfer the management of public irrigation schemes to districts or local management entities. The districts are responsible for every day management, but they also need to make strategic decisions that affect the sustainability (technical, financial, socio-economic, environmental) of the irrigation schemes in the long run. This dissertation was set up in the irrigation projects of Mandacaru and Maniçoba, to analyse the scheme management by the main intemal stakeholders (scheme manager versus farmers), as weIl as to support them to solve problems and to plan ahead. The research focused on the interaction between the scheme manager's water supply and the farmers' water demand, since it is the central function inside the irrigation sch... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Bahia; Empresário; Juazeiro; Nordeste; Pernambuco; Petrolina; Projeto; Suprimento. |
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Thesagro: |
Agricultura; Água; Demanda; Irrigação; Oferta; Pequeno Produtor; Perímetro Irrigado. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 05249nam a2200313 a 4500
001 1154059
005 2023-03-08
008 2004 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aDE NYS, E.
245 $aInteraction between water supply and demand in two collective irrigation schemes in Nort-east Brazil. From analysis of management processes to modeling and decision support.
260 $a2004.$c2004
300 $a206 f.
500 $aTese (Doctor) - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculteit Landdbouwkundige en Toegepaste: Biologische Wetenschappen, Leuven.
520 $aOver the past three decades, public irrigation schemes have been exposed to a process of management transfer from the central government and the funding agencies to local entities such as water users. associations and districts. However, this management transfer has been in many cases poorly implemented. Frequently reported problems are: inappropriate design; poorly specified management functions; ineffective accountability; unclear ownership of the collective infrastructure; and a lack of support services for achieving the transfer of management with success. In the Petrolina-Juazeiro region in the Northeast of Brazil, the CODEVASF (Company for the Development of the VaIleys of the São Francisco and the Pamaíba Rivers) has started to graduaIly transfer the management of public irrigation schemes to districts or local management entities. The districts are responsible for every day management, but they also need to make strategic decisions that affect the sustainability (technical, financial, socio-economic, environmental) of the irrigation schemes in the long run. This dissertation was set up in the irrigation projects of Mandacaru and Maniçoba, to analyse the scheme management by the main intemal stakeholders (scheme manager versus farmers), as weIl as to support them to solve problems and to plan ahead. The research focused on the interaction between the scheme manager's water supply and the farmers' water demand, since it is the central function inside the irrigation scheme. The water demand and the supply are analysed from a planning perspective, throughout the life cycle of the irrigation scheme, from the assumptions for its initial design to the operational reality at present. The analysis has shown that the scheme manager has been facing several difficulties to adjust his plan of water supply to the evolution of the water demand. The main reasons for these difficulties are: low margin of manoeuvre in the initial design of the water supply; the scheme manager's poor insight in the diversity of the farmers and their water demand, which is related to the district's lack of planning and monitoring of the parameters that affect water demand; and low capacity of the district to fund the cost of major adjustments without public financial support. A simulation model was developed to support the stakeholders' reflections on altemative plans of the water supply and demand. The modelling of the collective water supply is limited to its main infrastructure and organizational parameters. The coIlective water demand is modeI\ed by using a farm typology that gives a simplified representation of the diversity of the farms in the irrigation scheme, as well as their water demands. The main output of the model is the coverage of the water demand by the water supply at scheme levei. The aim of the modelling approach was to provide support to stakeholders so that they can simulate and evaluate prospective scenarios of the water demand and alternative plans of the water supply, for example the possibility to increase the water supply by organizing water delivery to farmers at night. During both the analysis of management processes and the modelling phase, a discussion group composed of district staff, farmers' representatives and technical assistance was involved. The feedback of the discussion group, as well as their questions and evolving demands, has shown the interest of the approach to support the stakeholders' learning process in irrigation management, and to link different functions of scheme management. Indeed, the debates within the discussion groups have gone far beyond the strict scope of the water flow between the district and the farmers, to tackle strategic issues at the individual and the collective levels. ln this respect, analyses and modelling approaches were also undertaken to support on-farm irrigation management in relation to the risk of soil salinization, and to support the choice of a water tariff system. Further analysis of the real contribution of this type of decision support methods in the stakeholders' learning process of irrigation management needs to be undertaken on other case studies, so as to evaluate their real interest and transferability to other specific situations of irrigation scheme management.
650 $aAgricultura
650 $aÁgua
650 $aDemanda
650 $aIrrigação
650 $aOferta
650 $aPequeno Produtor
650 $aPerímetro Irrigado
653 $aBahia
653 $aEmpresário
653 $aJuazeiro
653 $aNordeste
653 $aPernambuco
653 $aPetrolina
653 $aProjeto
653 $aSuprimento
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Semiárido (CPATSA) |
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