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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
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Data corrente: |
09/06/2008 |
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Data da última atualização: |
17/11/2015 |
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Autoria: |
CHAER, G. M. |
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Afiliação: |
Guilherme Montandon Chaer, Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
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Título: |
Response of soil microbial communities to physical and chemical disturbances: implications for soil quality and land use sustainability. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
2008. 136 p. Tese (Doutorado) - Oregon State University, Oregon, USA. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Notas: |
Oregon State University.
Orientador: Peter J. Bottomley. |
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Conteúdo: |
General introduction; Land use impact on the stability of soil microbial community composition and enzyme activities to heat shock; Shifts in microbial community composition and physiological profiles across a gradient of induced soil degradation (GRIND); Development and validation of a soil quality index based on the equilibrium between soil organic matter and biochemical properties in an undisturbed forest ecosystem.
The objectives of this thesis were to evaluate the responses of soil microbial communities to physical and chemical disturbances, and associate these responses with soil functional stability and changes in soil quality. The first study consisted of application of heat shocks (HS) to soils with contrasting land use history to evaluate differences in the stability of soil enzymes (laccase, cellulase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis) and microbial community composition as determined by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. The conversion of land use from forest to agriculture resulted in a new microbial community that was less functionally stable. Loss of stability was indicated by the reduced of laccase and cellulase activities in the agricultural soil, which suggested a less diverse community of microorganisms capable of producing these enzymes. The second study examined changes in microbial community composition and diversity that occurred across a gradient of soil disturbance. Disturbances were simulated by tillage events applied at different intensities to a 12-year-old fallow area. These treatments caused degradation of several soil physico-chemical properties, and alterations in microbial structure based on PLFA and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses, and in metabolic potential based on community level physiological profiles (CLPPs). Multivariate ordination of soil properties revealed the formation of a linear gradient of soil degradation that was significantly correlated with CLPPs, but not with T-RFLP and PLFA profiles. Nevertheless, changes observed in microbial community structure were significantly associated with decreases in soil organic C and field hydraulic conductivity. The third study demonstrated that undisturbed forest soils from western Oregon express an equilibrium between soil organic matter and biochemical properties. A model fitted through multiple regression analysis showed that phosphatase activity and microbial biomass were able to explain 97% of the soil organic C in these soils. This equilibrium was disrupted when a soil from an old-growth site was submitted to chemical stresses (Cu addition or pH alteration) and physical disturbances (wet-dry or freeze-thaw cycles). The magnitude of this disruption was consistently expressed by the ratio between soil C predicted by the model (Cp), and soil C that was measured (Cm). This ratio is proposed as biochemically-based index of soil quality. MenosGeneral introduction; Land use impact on the stability of soil microbial community composition and enzyme activities to heat shock; Shifts in microbial community composition and physiological profiles across a gradient of induced soil degradation (GRIND); Development and validation of a soil quality index based on the equilibrium between soil organic matter and biochemical properties in an undisturbed forest ecosystem.
The objectives of this thesis were to evaluate the responses of soil microbial communities to physical and chemical disturbances, and associate these responses with soil functional stability and changes in soil quality. The first study consisted of application of heat shocks (HS) to soils with contrasting land use history to evaluate differences in the stability of soil enzymes (laccase, cellulase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis) and microbial community composition as determined by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. The conversion of land use from forest to agriculture resulted in a new microbial community that was less functionally stable. Loss of stability was indicated by the reduced of laccase and cellulase activities in the agricultural soil, which suggested a less diverse community of microorganisms capable of producing these enzymes. The second study examined changes in microbial community composition and diversity that occurred across a gradient of soil disturbance. Disturbances were simulated by tillage events applied at different intensiti... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Degradação do solo; Qualidade do solo; Solo microbiano; Sustentabilidade; Utilização da terra. |
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Thesagro: |
Ecossistema. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03604nam a2200193 a 4500
001 1629979
005 2015-11-17
008 2008 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aCHAER, G. M.
245 $aResponse of soil microbial communities to physical and chemical disturbances$bimplications for soil quality and land use sustainability.
260 $a2008. 136 p. Tese (Doutorado) - Oregon State University, Oregon, USA.$c2008
500 $aOregon State University. Orientador: Peter J. Bottomley.
520 $aGeneral introduction; Land use impact on the stability of soil microbial community composition and enzyme activities to heat shock; Shifts in microbial community composition and physiological profiles across a gradient of induced soil degradation (GRIND); Development and validation of a soil quality index based on the equilibrium between soil organic matter and biochemical properties in an undisturbed forest ecosystem. The objectives of this thesis were to evaluate the responses of soil microbial communities to physical and chemical disturbances, and associate these responses with soil functional stability and changes in soil quality. The first study consisted of application of heat shocks (HS) to soils with contrasting land use history to evaluate differences in the stability of soil enzymes (laccase, cellulase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis) and microbial community composition as determined by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. The conversion of land use from forest to agriculture resulted in a new microbial community that was less functionally stable. Loss of stability was indicated by the reduced of laccase and cellulase activities in the agricultural soil, which suggested a less diverse community of microorganisms capable of producing these enzymes. The second study examined changes in microbial community composition and diversity that occurred across a gradient of soil disturbance. Disturbances were simulated by tillage events applied at different intensities to a 12-year-old fallow area. These treatments caused degradation of several soil physico-chemical properties, and alterations in microbial structure based on PLFA and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses, and in metabolic potential based on community level physiological profiles (CLPPs). Multivariate ordination of soil properties revealed the formation of a linear gradient of soil degradation that was significantly correlated with CLPPs, but not with T-RFLP and PLFA profiles. Nevertheless, changes observed in microbial community structure were significantly associated with decreases in soil organic C and field hydraulic conductivity. The third study demonstrated that undisturbed forest soils from western Oregon express an equilibrium between soil organic matter and biochemical properties. A model fitted through multiple regression analysis showed that phosphatase activity and microbial biomass were able to explain 97% of the soil organic C in these soils. This equilibrium was disrupted when a soil from an old-growth site was submitted to chemical stresses (Cu addition or pH alteration) and physical disturbances (wet-dry or freeze-thaw cycles). The magnitude of this disruption was consistently expressed by the ratio between soil C predicted by the model (Cp), and soil C that was measured (Cm). This ratio is proposed as biochemically-based index of soil quality.
650 $aEcossistema
653 $aDegradação do solo
653 $aQualidade do solo
653 $aSolo microbiano
653 $aSustentabilidade
653 $aUtilização da terra
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Agrobiologia (CNPAB) |
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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia. |
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Data corrente: |
07/04/2009 |
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Data da última atualização: |
10/10/2022 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
Internacional - A |
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Autoria: |
ALONSO, D. P.; FERREIRA, A. F. B.; RIBOLLA, P. E. M.; SANTOS, I. K. F. de M.; CRUZ, M. do S. P. e; CARVALHO, F. A. de; ABATEPAULO, A. R. R.; COSTA, D. L.; WERNECK, G. L.; FARIAS, T. J. C.; SOARES, M. J. S.; COSTA, C. H. N. |
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Afiliação: |
Diego Peres Alonso, USP; Afonso Flávio B. Ferreira, Natan Portella Institute for Tropical Diseases; Paulo Eduardo M. Ribolla, USP; Isabel Kinney Ferreira de Miranda Santos, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia; Maria do Socorro Pires e Cruz, Natan Portella Institute for Tropical Diseases; Fernando Aécio de Carvalho, Universidade Federal do Piauí; Antonio Roberto R. Abatepaulo, USP; Dorcas Lamounier Costa, Natan Portella Institute for Tropical Diseases; Guilherme L. Werneck, UFRJ; Teresinha J. C. Farias, Natan Portella Institute for Tropical Diseases; Maria José S. Soares, Universidade Federal do Piauí; Carlos Henrique N. Costa, Natan Portella Institute for Tropical Diseases. |
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Título: |
Genotypes of the mannan-binding lectin gene and susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis and clinical complications. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2007 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, v. 195, p. 1212-1217, 2007. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Leishimaniose; Visceral leshmaniasis. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/doc/188422/1/195-8-1212.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 00851naa a2200265 a 4500
001 1188422
005 2022-10-10
008 2007 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aALONSO, D. P.
245 $aGenotypes of the mannan-binding lectin gene and susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis and clinical complications.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2007
653 $aLeishimaniose
653 $aVisceral leshmaniasis
700 1 $aFERREIRA, A. F. B.
700 1 $aRIBOLLA, P. E. M.
700 1 $aSANTOS, I. K. F. de M.
700 1 $aCRUZ, M. do S. P. e
700 1 $aCARVALHO, F. A. de
700 1 $aABATEPAULO, A. R. R.
700 1 $aCOSTA, D. L.
700 1 $aWERNECK, G. L.
700 1 $aFARIAS, T. J. C.
700 1 $aSOARES, M. J. S.
700 1 $aCOSTA, C. H. N.
773 $tThe Journal of Infectious Diseases$gv. 195, p. 1212-1217, 2007.
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Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (CENARGEN) |
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