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Registro Completo |
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
Data corrente: |
04/09/2008 |
Data da última atualização: |
04/09/2008 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Autoria: |
MASCHIO, W.; BROWN, G. G. |
Afiliação: |
Wagner Maschio, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná; George Gardner Brown, Embrapa Florestas. |
Título: |
Earthworm populations in agroforestry systems and regenerating Atlantic forest fragments in the region of Barra do Turvo, São Paulo, Brazil. |
Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM. |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
Large areas of the Atlantic rainforest biome have been deforested in the past mainly for agricultural purposes, especially cattle ranching. However, many of these areas are currently underutilized or degraded by overgrazing. In the Ribeira River valley, soil degradation and extreme poverty have been major challenges to overcome in the development of improved agricultural systems that provide both food security and income to small farmers. Several government projects (e.g., Iguatu2, funded by Petrobras) and NGO?s (e.g., Cooperafloresta, AOPA), have aided in the establishment of small farmer cooperatives, and in extending the adoption of agroforestry systems that help recover and conserve soil quality. The present work was undertaken to evaluate soil quality and macrofauna populations as bioindicators in agroforestry systems and regenerating
secondary forest in the region of Barra do Turvo (São Paulo State) and Adrianópolis (Paraná State), in Southeastern Brazil. The present abstract presents results only of the earthworm community. Three agroforestry systems of different ages (4, 8 and 16 yr) and three forest fragments in different stages of regeneration (5, 20 and >30 yr) were chosen for this study. Earthworms were collected using the standard TSBF method (25 x 25 cm blocks to 20 cm depth) by taking two samples in each of three plots per treatment, for a total of 6 samples per treatment. Three earthworm species were found, all of them exotic or peregrine: Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857), Amynthas gracilis (Kinberg, 1867) and an unidentified Dichogaster sp. P. corethrurus dominated, representing >90% of total density and biomass. A positive relationship between earthworm abundance and age of agroforestry systems was observed, especially for P. corethrurus. The opposite was found for the forests; a negative relationship between age of regeneration and earthworm abundance was observed. Highest abundances were recorded in the oldest agroforestry system (16 yr), and the youngest regenerating forest (5 yr); 459 and 733 individuals/m², respectively, although both sites had similar biomass, approx. 100 g/m². Therefore, agroforestry systems seem to benefit earthworm populations, while the regeneration process of secondary forests appears to have a negative effect. Reasons for this
phenomenon are being further investigated. MenosLarge areas of the Atlantic rainforest biome have been deforested in the past mainly for agricultural purposes, especially cattle ranching. However, many of these areas are currently underutilized or degraded by overgrazing. In the Ribeira River valley, soil degradation and extreme poverty have been major challenges to overcome in the development of improved agricultural systems that provide both food security and income to small farmers. Several government projects (e.g., Iguatu2, funded by Petrobras) and NGO?s (e.g., Cooperafloresta, AOPA), have aided in the establishment of small farmer cooperatives, and in extending the adoption of agroforestry systems that help recover and conserve soil quality. The present work was undertaken to evaluate soil quality and macrofauna populations as bioindicators in agroforestry systems and regenerating
secondary forest in the region of Barra do Turvo (São Paulo State) and Adrianópolis (Paraná State), in Southeastern Brazil. The present abstract presents results only of the earthworm community. Three agroforestry systems of different ages (4, 8 and 16 yr) and three forest fragments in different stages of regeneration (5, 20 and >30 yr) were chosen for this study. Earthworms were collected using the standard TSBF method (25 x 25 cm blocks to 20 cm depth) by taking two samples in each of three plots per treatment, for a total of 6 samples per treatment. Three earthworm species were found, all of them exotic or peregrine: Pontoscolex corethr... Mostrar Tudo |
Palavras-Chave: |
Floresta Atlântica; Fragmento; Sistema agroflorestal. |
Thesagro: |
Minhoca; Regeneração. |
Categoria do assunto: |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03234naa a2200193 a 4500 001 1314749 005 2008-09-04 008 2008 bl --- 0-- u #d 100 1 $aMASCHIO, W. 245 $aEarthworm populations in agroforestry systems and regenerating Atlantic forest fragments in the region of Barra do Turvo, São Paulo, Brazil. 260 $c2008 520 $aLarge areas of the Atlantic rainforest biome have been deforested in the past mainly for agricultural purposes, especially cattle ranching. However, many of these areas are currently underutilized or degraded by overgrazing. In the Ribeira River valley, soil degradation and extreme poverty have been major challenges to overcome in the development of improved agricultural systems that provide both food security and income to small farmers. Several government projects (e.g., Iguatu2, funded by Petrobras) and NGO?s (e.g., Cooperafloresta, AOPA), have aided in the establishment of small farmer cooperatives, and in extending the adoption of agroforestry systems that help recover and conserve soil quality. The present work was undertaken to evaluate soil quality and macrofauna populations as bioindicators in agroforestry systems and regenerating secondary forest in the region of Barra do Turvo (São Paulo State) and Adrianópolis (Paraná State), in Southeastern Brazil. The present abstract presents results only of the earthworm community. Three agroforestry systems of different ages (4, 8 and 16 yr) and three forest fragments in different stages of regeneration (5, 20 and >30 yr) were chosen for this study. Earthworms were collected using the standard TSBF method (25 x 25 cm blocks to 20 cm depth) by taking two samples in each of three plots per treatment, for a total of 6 samples per treatment. Three earthworm species were found, all of them exotic or peregrine: Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857), Amynthas gracilis (Kinberg, 1867) and an unidentified Dichogaster sp. P. corethrurus dominated, representing >90% of total density and biomass. A positive relationship between earthworm abundance and age of agroforestry systems was observed, especially for P. corethrurus. The opposite was found for the forests; a negative relationship between age of regeneration and earthworm abundance was observed. Highest abundances were recorded in the oldest agroforestry system (16 yr), and the youngest regenerating forest (5 yr); 459 and 733 individuals/m², respectively, although both sites had similar biomass, approx. 100 g/m². Therefore, agroforestry systems seem to benefit earthworm populations, while the regeneration process of secondary forests appears to have a negative effect. Reasons for this phenomenon are being further investigated. 650 $aMinhoca 650 $aRegeneração 653 $aFloresta Atlântica 653 $aFragmento 653 $aSistema agroflorestal 700 1 $aBROWN, G. G. 773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM.
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Embrapa Florestas (CNPF) |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Soja. |
Data corrente: |
13/01/2011 |
Data da última atualização: |
03/06/2011 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Autoria: |
OLIVEIRA, M. C. N. de; CASTRO, C. de; OLIVEIRA, F. A. de. |
Afiliação: |
MARIA CRISTINA NEVES DE OLIVEIRA, CNPSO; CESAR DE CASTRO, CNPSO; FABIO ALVARES DE OLIVEIRA, CNPSO. |
Título: |
Sunflower yield: adjustement of data means by the combination of ANOVA and Regression models. |
Ano de publicação: |
2010 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL BIOMETRIC CONFERENCE, 25., 2010, Florianópolis. [Scientific programm.]. Florianópolis: UFSC : IBS, 2010. 1p. Poster Session, M41. CD-ROM. |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
Sunflower is an important oilseed crop. Besides producing high quality edible oil for human consumption, it also produces meal for animal feeding, and is an alternative for biodiesel production as well. Sunflower is a crop well adapted to several environmental conditions and is tolerant to low temperatures and to relatively short periods of water stress. In Brazil, the sunflower cultivated area reaches 75,000 hectares and its yield averages 1,460 kg/ha (CONAB). Much effort has been spent on research work at management of sunflower and consequently higher yield. Research efforts are specifically directed to the control of diseases and pests, which can cause defoliation, damages to the roots, and yield losses. The need for macro- and micronutrient fertilizations is another research demanding aspect of the crop. Within this context, two extremely important aspects in solving these research demands are: the appropriate agronomical planning and the adequate experimental design. These procedures will allow decisions on selection of size and shape of plots, on experimental unit, on qualitative and quantitative factors, on experimental design, and on the choice of the variables that influence the response and the ways of choosing and distributing the treatments in the plots. The selection of the suitable statistical methods, which allow precise estimates of the treatments and the reduction of the residual variance, uncontrolled in the planning, is also essential. One of these methods is the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). This method combines the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Regression Analysis, and besides controlling the experimental error, it adjusts the treatment means, thus helping the interpretation of the experimental results as well as the comparison of regressions among several groups of treatments. The model representing this combination is :Yij = ? + ? i + ? j + ? (xij - x.. ) +? ij , where: Yij is the observed value of the response variable; ? is the mean value of the response variable; i ? is the effect of treatment I, with i = 1, 2,?, I; j ? is the effect of the block j, with j = 1,2,?, J; ? is the effect of the combined linear regression Yij as related to x; ij x is the observed value of the co-variable; and ij ? is the experimental error associated toYij, with ?ij ?N (0,?2 ) . The covariate should not be influenced by the treatments initially tested, maintaining the independence among them. Therefore, the treatments were: one control (0), and the P2O5 dosages of 40 kg ha-1, 80 kg ha-1, 120 kg ha-1, and 160 kg ha-1, applied to the sunflower hybrid Aguara 4. The experiment was carried out as a randomized block design, with six replications and the variables studied were: yield (kg ha-1) and the number of achenes per sunflower plant. The descriptive analysis indicated consistency in the tests concerning normality and independence of errors, additivity of the model, and homogeneity of treatments variances. The F statistics presented significant response for the treatments, for the response variable and covariate (5.48 and 4.93), respectively. The highest sunflower yield, obtained with the dosage of 120 kg ha-1 P2O5, statistically differed only from the control (Tukey p? 0, 05). The ANCOVA, adjusted by the number of achenes, reduced the error variance from 49,768.84 to 32,887.40. An interesting fact is that after ANCOVA, the effect of treatments became non-significant (F = 2.62), even with the reduction of the error variance. The mean values adjusted by the Tukey-Kramer test were reduced when compared to the original means. The interaction of treatment with the covariable was not significant, indicating that the angular coefficients for the treatments were similar. We concluded that the analysis of covariance reduces the error variance and indicates the real significance of the treatment effects and of the angular coefficients for the non-homogeneous treatments. MenosSunflower is an important oilseed crop. Besides producing high quality edible oil for human consumption, it also produces meal for animal feeding, and is an alternative for biodiesel production as well. Sunflower is a crop well adapted to several environmental conditions and is tolerant to low temperatures and to relatively short periods of water stress. In Brazil, the sunflower cultivated area reaches 75,000 hectares and its yield averages 1,460 kg/ha (CONAB). Much effort has been spent on research work at management of sunflower and consequently higher yield. Research efforts are specifically directed to the control of diseases and pests, which can cause defoliation, damages to the roots, and yield losses. The need for macro- and micronutrient fertilizations is another research demanding aspect of the crop. Within this context, two extremely important aspects in solving these research demands are: the appropriate agronomical planning and the adequate experimental design. These procedures will allow decisions on selection of size and shape of plots, on experimental unit, on qualitative and quantitative factors, on experimental design, and on the choice of the variables that influence the response and the ways of choosing and distributing the treatments in the plots. The selection of the suitable statistical methods, which allow precise estimates of the treatments and the reduction of the residual variance, uncontrolled in the planning, is also essential. One of these method... Mostrar Tudo |
Thesagro: |
Biometria. |
Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/25386/1/sunflower.mcno.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 04504nam a2200145 a 4500 001 1872896 005 2011-06-03 008 2010 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 100 1 $aOLIVEIRA, M. C. N. de 245 $aSunflower yield$badjustement of data means by the combination of ANOVA and Regression models. 260 $aIn: INTERNATIONAL BIOMETRIC CONFERENCE, 25., 2010, Florianópolis. [Scientific programm.]. Florianópolis: UFSC : IBS, 2010. 1p. Poster Session, M41. CD-ROM.$c2010 520 $aSunflower is an important oilseed crop. Besides producing high quality edible oil for human consumption, it also produces meal for animal feeding, and is an alternative for biodiesel production as well. Sunflower is a crop well adapted to several environmental conditions and is tolerant to low temperatures and to relatively short periods of water stress. In Brazil, the sunflower cultivated area reaches 75,000 hectares and its yield averages 1,460 kg/ha (CONAB). Much effort has been spent on research work at management of sunflower and consequently higher yield. Research efforts are specifically directed to the control of diseases and pests, which can cause defoliation, damages to the roots, and yield losses. The need for macro- and micronutrient fertilizations is another research demanding aspect of the crop. Within this context, two extremely important aspects in solving these research demands are: the appropriate agronomical planning and the adequate experimental design. These procedures will allow decisions on selection of size and shape of plots, on experimental unit, on qualitative and quantitative factors, on experimental design, and on the choice of the variables that influence the response and the ways of choosing and distributing the treatments in the plots. The selection of the suitable statistical methods, which allow precise estimates of the treatments and the reduction of the residual variance, uncontrolled in the planning, is also essential. One of these methods is the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). This method combines the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Regression Analysis, and besides controlling the experimental error, it adjusts the treatment means, thus helping the interpretation of the experimental results as well as the comparison of regressions among several groups of treatments. The model representing this combination is :Yij = ? + ? i + ? j + ? (xij - x.. ) +? ij , where: Yij is the observed value of the response variable; ? is the mean value of the response variable; i ? is the effect of treatment I, with i = 1, 2,?, I; j ? is the effect of the block j, with j = 1,2,?, J; ? is the effect of the combined linear regression Yij as related to x; ij x is the observed value of the co-variable; and ij ? is the experimental error associated toYij, with ?ij ?N (0,?2 ) . The covariate should not be influenced by the treatments initially tested, maintaining the independence among them. Therefore, the treatments were: one control (0), and the P2O5 dosages of 40 kg ha-1, 80 kg ha-1, 120 kg ha-1, and 160 kg ha-1, applied to the sunflower hybrid Aguara 4. The experiment was carried out as a randomized block design, with six replications and the variables studied were: yield (kg ha-1) and the number of achenes per sunflower plant. The descriptive analysis indicated consistency in the tests concerning normality and independence of errors, additivity of the model, and homogeneity of treatments variances. The F statistics presented significant response for the treatments, for the response variable and covariate (5.48 and 4.93), respectively. The highest sunflower yield, obtained with the dosage of 120 kg ha-1 P2O5, statistically differed only from the control (Tukey p? 0, 05). The ANCOVA, adjusted by the number of achenes, reduced the error variance from 49,768.84 to 32,887.40. An interesting fact is that after ANCOVA, the effect of treatments became non-significant (F = 2.62), even with the reduction of the error variance. The mean values adjusted by the Tukey-Kramer test were reduced when compared to the original means. The interaction of treatment with the covariable was not significant, indicating that the angular coefficients for the treatments were similar. We concluded that the analysis of covariance reduces the error variance and indicates the real significance of the treatment effects and of the angular coefficients for the non-homogeneous treatments. 650 $aBiometria 700 1 $aCASTRO, C. de 700 1 $aOLIVEIRA, F. A. de
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