| |
|
|
|
Registro Completo |
|
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
|
Data corrente: |
10/06/1999 |
|
Data da última atualização: |
10/06/1999 |
|
Autoria: |
BODDEY, R. M.; SA, J. C. de M.; ALVES, B. J. R.; URQUIAGA, S. |
|
Título: |
The contribution of biological nitrogen fixation for sustainable agricultural systems in the tropics. |
|
Ano de publicação: |
1997 |
|
Fonte/Imprenta: |
Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Oxford, v. 29, n. 5/6, p. 787-799, 1997. |
|
Idioma: |
Inglês |
|
Conteúdo: |
The pressing need to increase food production in the tropics to feed the burgeoning population of the Third World requires that crop yields ha-1 must be increased without prejudicing the resource base for future generations. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), especially that associated with legumes, has great potential to contribute to productive and sustainable agricultural systems for the tropics, but more research is required to investigate how biologically fixed N, and the increased BNF contributions resulting from research innovations, can be incorporated into viable agricultural systems to increase crop or pasture yields and to substitute N fertiliser inputs. A majority of the soils of the humid and semi-humid tropics have mineral fractions composed of 1:1 lattice clays or sesquioxides of relatively low capacity to retain nutrients (CEC) and water (WHC). It is the soil organic matter (SOM) which has high CEC (after liming) and WHC, and soils under undisturbed climax vegetation are usually high in organic matter which is responsible for their fertility. The key to the long term fertility of such soils is to maintain their soil organic matter by the preservation of crop residues and the selection of suitable crop rotations or fallows. In this review we examine several types of agricultural systems utilised in the tropics ranging from pastures, ley cropping, zero-till rotations as well as green manuring and discuss the management options that can be adopted to preserve their agricultural productivity through the strategic use of legumes in these systems, and their effects on pasture and crop yields. The introduction of forage legumes into tropical pastures can increase and sustain their productivity, with only modest inputs of lime and P and K fertilisers. Similarly, crop and pasture rotations (ley cropping) maintain SOM and soil fertility and crop yields can benefit greatly from the introduction of pasture legumes into the ley. Continuous cropping under minimum or zero tillage can maintain soil cover, and stimulate the retention of SOM, such that nutrient losses are often minimal, and legume derived N can be efficiently transferred to subsequent crops. The options for the resource-poor small-holder to efficiently utilise biologically fixed N as a N supply for cereal grains are more limited and need more attention from researchers as well as less neglect from government organisations. The addition of lime and P fertiliser in modest quantities in many under-developed regions could make large contributions to increased crop yields. If such modest fertiliser inputs were to be combined with suitable crop rotations including green manure or grain legume crops, larger increases in crops yields could be achieved on a sustainable basis, but in many regions agricultural extension services are non-existent and poor farmers have little access to even these basic chemical inputs. MenosThe pressing need to increase food production in the tropics to feed the burgeoning population of the Third World requires that crop yields ha-1 must be increased without prejudicing the resource base for future generations. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), especially that associated with legumes, has great potential to contribute to productive and sustainable agricultural systems for the tropics, but more research is required to investigate how biologically fixed N, and the increased BNF contributions resulting from research innovations, can be incorporated into viable agricultural systems to increase crop or pasture yields and to substitute N fertiliser inputs. A majority of the soils of the humid and semi-humid tropics have mineral fractions composed of 1:1 lattice clays or sesquioxides of relatively low capacity to retain nutrients (CEC) and water (WHC). It is the soil organic matter (SOM) which has high CEC (after liming) and WHC, and soils under undisturbed climax vegetation are usually high in organic matter which is responsible for their fertility. The key to the long term fertility of such soils is to maintain their soil organic matter by the preservation of crop residues and the selection of suitable crop rotations or fallows. In this review we examine several types of agricultural systems utilised in the tropics ranging from pastures, ley cropping, zero-till rotations as well as green manuring and discuss the management options that can be adopted to preserve t... Mostrar Tudo |
|
Palavras-Chave: |
BNF; FBN; Fixação biologica de nitrogênio; Nitrogen fixing bacteria; Plants; Sustainability; Sustentabilidade; Zero tillage. |
|
Thesagro: |
Adubo Verde; Arroz; Nutriente; Pastagem; Planta. |
|
Thesaurus Nal: |
green manures; nutrients; pastures; rice. |
|
Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
|
Marc: |
LEADER 03887naa a2200361 a 4500
001 1621089
005 1999-06-10
008 1997 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aBODDEY, R. M.
245 $aThe contribution of biological nitrogen fixation for sustainable agricultural systems in the tropics.
260 $c1997
520 $aThe pressing need to increase food production in the tropics to feed the burgeoning population of the Third World requires that crop yields ha-1 must be increased without prejudicing the resource base for future generations. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), especially that associated with legumes, has great potential to contribute to productive and sustainable agricultural systems for the tropics, but more research is required to investigate how biologically fixed N, and the increased BNF contributions resulting from research innovations, can be incorporated into viable agricultural systems to increase crop or pasture yields and to substitute N fertiliser inputs. A majority of the soils of the humid and semi-humid tropics have mineral fractions composed of 1:1 lattice clays or sesquioxides of relatively low capacity to retain nutrients (CEC) and water (WHC). It is the soil organic matter (SOM) which has high CEC (after liming) and WHC, and soils under undisturbed climax vegetation are usually high in organic matter which is responsible for their fertility. The key to the long term fertility of such soils is to maintain their soil organic matter by the preservation of crop residues and the selection of suitable crop rotations or fallows. In this review we examine several types of agricultural systems utilised in the tropics ranging from pastures, ley cropping, zero-till rotations as well as green manuring and discuss the management options that can be adopted to preserve their agricultural productivity through the strategic use of legumes in these systems, and their effects on pasture and crop yields. The introduction of forage legumes into tropical pastures can increase and sustain their productivity, with only modest inputs of lime and P and K fertilisers. Similarly, crop and pasture rotations (ley cropping) maintain SOM and soil fertility and crop yields can benefit greatly from the introduction of pasture legumes into the ley. Continuous cropping under minimum or zero tillage can maintain soil cover, and stimulate the retention of SOM, such that nutrient losses are often minimal, and legume derived N can be efficiently transferred to subsequent crops. The options for the resource-poor small-holder to efficiently utilise biologically fixed N as a N supply for cereal grains are more limited and need more attention from researchers as well as less neglect from government organisations. The addition of lime and P fertiliser in modest quantities in many under-developed regions could make large contributions to increased crop yields. If such modest fertiliser inputs were to be combined with suitable crop rotations including green manure or grain legume crops, larger increases in crops yields could be achieved on a sustainable basis, but in many regions agricultural extension services are non-existent and poor farmers have little access to even these basic chemical inputs.
650 $agreen manures
650 $anutrients
650 $apastures
650 $arice
650 $aAdubo Verde
650 $aArroz
650 $aNutriente
650 $aPastagem
650 $aPlanta
653 $aBNF
653 $aFBN
653 $aFixação biologica de nitrogênio
653 $aNitrogen fixing bacteria
653 $aPlants
653 $aSustainability
653 $aSustentabilidade
653 $aZero tillage
700 1 $aSA, J. C. de M.
700 1 $aALVES, B. J. R.
700 1 $aURQUIAGA, S.
773 $tSoil Biology and Biochemistry, Oxford$gv. 29, n. 5/6, p. 787-799, 1997.
Download
Esconder MarcMostrar Marc Completo |
|
Registro original: |
Embrapa Agrobiologia (CNPAB) |
|
|
Biblioteca |
ID |
Origem |
Tipo/Formato |
Classificação |
Cutter |
Registro |
Volume |
Status |
URL |
Voltar
|
|
|
| Registros recuperados : 618 | |
| 167. |  | ZOTARELLI, L.; ALVES, B. J. R.; URQUIAGA, S.; BODDEY, R. M.; SIX, J. Impact of tillage and crop rotation on light fraction and intra-aggregate soil organic matter in two oxisols. Soil & Tillage Research, Amsterdam, v. 95, n. 1-2, p. 196-206, sept. 2007. Parceria: Colorado State University, UFRRJ, University of California.| Tipo: Artigo em Periódico Indexado | Circulação/Nível: Internacional - A |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
|    |
| 172. | | BODDEY, R. M.; JANTALIA, C. P.; ZOTARELLI, L.; OKITO, A.; ALVES, B. J. R.; URQUIAGA, S. Techniques for the quantification of plant-associated biological nitrogen fixation. In: DAKORA, F.D. et al. (Ed.). INTERNATIONAL NITROGEN FIXATION CONGRESS, 15th., INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE AFRICAN ASSOCIATION FOR BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN FIXATION, 12th., 2008, South Africa. Biological nitrogen fixation: towards poverty alleviation through sustainable agriculture: proceedings... Heidelberg: Springer, 2008. P. 37-41 (Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture, 42). Proceedings. International Nitrogen Fixation Congress, 15.;, 2008; International Conference of the African Association for Biological Nitrogen Fixation, 12., 2008, South Africa.| Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
| |
| 175. | | MORAIS, R. F. de; XAVIER, R. P.; ALVES, B. J. R.; BODDEY, R. M.; URQUIAGA, S. Uso da abundância de 15N (delta 15N) no perifil do solo como suporte para a estimativa da FBN. Seropédica: Embrapa Agrobiologia, 2006. 4 p. Trabalho apresentado na XXVII Reunião Brasileira de Fertilidade do Solo e Nutrição de Plantas, XI Reunião Brasileira sobre Micorrizas, IX Simpósio Brasileiro de Microbiologia do Solo; VI Reunião Brasileira de Biologia do Solo, Bonito/MS,...| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
| |
| 177. | | CARDOSO, A. S.; ALVES, B. J. R.; URQUIAGA, S.; BODDEY, R. M.; SOARES, L. H. B. Uma evidência de que a FBN não é um fonte direta de N2O na cultura da soja. In: REUNIÃO BRASILEIRA DE FERTILIDADE DO SOLO E NUTRIÇÃO DE PLANTAS, 28., REUNIÃO BRASILEIRA SOBRE MICORRIZAS, 12., SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE MICROBIOLOGIA DO SOLO, 10., REUNIÃO BRASILEIRA DE BIOLOGIA DO SOLO, 7., 2008, Londrina. FertBio 2008: desafios para o uso do solo com eficiência e qualidade ambiental: anais. Londrina: Embrapa Soja: SBCS: IAPAR, UEL, 2008. 4 p. 1 CD-ROM. Parceria: UFRRJ.
Organizado por: Adilson de Oliveira Júnior, Regina Maria Villas Bôas de Campos Leite, César de Castro, Fábio Álvares de Oliveira; Odilon Ferreira Saraiva.| Tipo: Artigo em Anais de Congresso / Nota Técnica |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
| |
| 178. | | MARRIEL, I. E.; SCHAFFERT, R. E.; FRANCA, G. E.; BODDEY, R. M.; GIACOMINI SANTOS, F. G. Variabilidade genética em sorgo para eficiência no uso de nitrogênio sob condições de estresse. In: CONGRESSO NACIONAL DE MILHO E SORGO, 18., 1990, Vitória. Resumos... Vitoria: EMCAPA, 1990. p. 40. (EMCAPA. Documentos, 65).| Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. |
|  |
| 179. | | MARRIEL, I. E.; SCHAFFERT, R. E.; FRANCA, G. E.; BODDEY, R. M.; SANTOS, F. G. Variabilidade genética em sorgo para eficiência no uso de nitrogênio sob condições de estresse. In: CONGRESSO NACIONAL DE MILHO E SORGO, 18., 1990, Vitória. Resumos. Vitoria: EMCAPA/EMBRAPA, 1990. p. 40. p.40 (EMCAPA. Documentos, 65).| Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. |
| |
| Registros recuperados : 618 | |
|
| Nenhum registro encontrado para a expressão de busca informada. |
|
|
