Data/hora: 19/06/2024 07:47:31

Biblioteca(s): | Embrapa Soja.
Data corrente: | 21/02/2008
Data da última atualização: | 17/03/2008
Autoria: | BINNECK, E.; NEPOMUCENO, A. L.; ABDELNOOR, R. V. ALMEIDA, A. M. R.; SOSA-GÓMEZ, D. R.; FARIAS, J. R. B.; BASSOI, M. C.; SILVA, J. F. V.; HOFFMANN-CAMPO, C. B.; OLIVEIRA, M. C. N.; MARCELINO, F. C.; PEREIRA, R. M.; GREGORIO, D.; MARIN, S. R. R.; SILVEIRA, C. A.
Afiliação: | Eliseu Binneck, CNPSo; Alexandre Lima Nepomuceno, CNPSo; Ricardo Vilela Abdelnoor, CNPSo; Alvaro Manoel Rodrigues de Almeida, CNPSo; Daniel Ricardo Sosa-Gómez, CNPSo; José Renato Bouças Farias, CNPSo; Manoel Carlos Bassoi, CNPSo; João Flávio Veloso Silva.
Título: | Setting the bioinformatics laboratory at Embrapa Soybean aiming to ameliorate biotic and abiotic stresses.
Ano de publicação: | 2007
Fonte/Imprenta: | In: MEETING INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE BRAZILIAN ASSOCIATION FOR BIOINFORMATICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY, 3., 2007, São Paulo. X-Meeting 2007: proceedings. Campinas: Associação Brasileira de Bioinformática e Biologia Computacional, 2007.
Páginas: | p. 195.
Descrição Física: | 1 CD-ROM.
Idioma: | Inglês

Conteúdo:

The Plant Biotechnology efforts at Embrapa Soybean are dedicated to elucidate and characterize the relevant molecular mechanisms involved in the amelioration of biotic
and abiotic stresses of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril]. The studies are focused mainly on drought tolerance and Asian soybean rust (ASR) resistance, the two principal
problems posing a serious threat to the soybean industry in Brazil. The soybean represents almost 50% of Brazil?s grain crop. With nearly one fourth of agribusiness exportations the
soybean is the first most important row crop in Brazil, contributing annually more than 15 billion dollars to the national economy. Abiotic stresses such as drought events can significantly reduce the production capacity of this crop, as was experienced in the 2004/2005 growing season, when 78% of total production was directly lost by soybean producers in the whole Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil [1]. Given global warming, in the near future, drought events might be the biggest challenge for soybean production as the climate changes in the planet. Diseases, caused by biotic factors, also contribute to reduce the soybean production. ASR, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, today the biggest problem in the soybean crop, causes economic annual yield losses in Brazil equivalent to about 2 billion dollars, and caused accumulated losses of 8 billion dollars since its first outbreaks in the 2001/2002 crop [2]. Little knowledge is available about the molecular basis of ASR-soybean interaction, which will be needed to direct future efforts on the development of effective resistance. Development of adapted cultivars is the sustained approach for the management of these problems. Currently, there is no commercial ASR-resistant/drought stress tolerant soybean cultivar available. The first step to accomplish this is the identification of resistance/tolerance genes. The Embrapa Soybean team-based projects have made considerable progress on this task through traditional breeding approach and new technologies such as: single pass sequencing from cDNA libraries (EST analysis); microarray analysis; quantitative PCR; computational
discovery of simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers; phylogenetic inferences from molecular sequences; and metabonomics. As the result of these efforts, we have obtained more than 8,000 ESTs from stress induced soybean root cDNA libraries (drought and nematode). In order to identify genes
regulated under drought stress and nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) infection we performed microarrays studies with spotted two color cDNA microarrays. Also we have
analyzed an EST cDNA subtraction library from ASR resistant vs. susceptible soybean germplasm treated with ASR and control. Candidate genes were found which may
play a role on these plant-stress interactions. Further studies are being carried out to achieve their real importance. Sequence similarity search on our databases is made by a
stand-alone installation of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) BLAST program. Recently, we have performed microarray experiments using Affymetrix Soybean GeneChip, and Agilent, on cooperation with Iowa State University and Jircas (Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences). On the scope of molecular marker studies, we have computationally identified 3242 SSR markers, with primer sets, on 185 genomic clones of Phakopsora pachyrhizi. These SSR markers are being used on the characterization of pathogen variability and disease epidemiology/ecology. Also on this task, we use methods of phylogenetic
inferences from molecular sequences. Metabonomics approach is used to study how metabolic compounds profile in response to stresses. This information will be useful on the development of screening methods to identify soybean germplasm with improved resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Our future aims go into the direction of a systems biology approach for an integrative analysis of ASR resistance"omic" data (from experiments where samples are processed with transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics technologies), in a South America wide collaboration. All these methods are being used with the primary objective of develop and release enhanced tolerant/resistant
cultivars.

Thesagro: | Resistência a Seca; Resistência Genética; Soja; Variedade Resistente.
Categoria do assunto: | --
Registro original: | Embrapa Soja (CNPSO)
Exemplares: | CNPSO - (27900-1) - UPC - PL - -- - CD 0178 -  -  - DIS