Data/hora: 07/06/2024 17:05:39

Biblioteca(s): 	Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura.	
Data corrente: 	29/08/2022	
Data da última atualização: 	29/08/2022	
Autoria: 	ANDRADE, E. C. de; GIRARDI, E. A.; STUCHI, E. S.; MOREIRA, A. S.; ASTUA, J. de F.; FANCELLI, M.; SILVA, S. X. de B.; BARBOSA, F. F. L.	
Afiliação: 	EDUARDO CHUMBINHO DE ANDRADE, CNPMF; EDUARDO AUGUSTO GIRARDI, CNPMF; EDUARDO SANCHES STUCHI, CNPMF; ALECIO SOUZA MOREIRA, CNPMF; JULIANA DE FREITAS ASTUA, CNPMF; MARILENE FANCELLI, CNPMF; SUELY XAVIER DE BRITO SILVA, AGRICULTURAL DEFENSE AGENCY OF BAHIA; FRANCISCO FERRAZ LARANJEIRA BARBOSA, CNPMF.	
Título: 	Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) and the Brazilian efforts to overcome the disease.	
Ano de publicação: 	2021	
Fonte/Imprenta: 	Outlooks on Pest Management, v. 32, n. 5, p. 189-194, October 2021.	
DOI: 	https://doi.org/10.1564/v32_oct_02	
Idioma: 	Inglês	
Conteúdo: 	Recorded in Brazil since 2004, Huanglongbing (HLB), or simply Greening, is the most impacting disease in citrus production worldwide. It induces qualitative and quantitative losses in production, but also can be lethal to the infected citrus plant. The disease is caused by phloem-limited bacteria with three identified species, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), Ca. L. africanus (CLaf), and Ca. L. americanus (CLam). CLas and CLam are reported in Brazil, being vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri. HLB-infected citrus exhibit blotchy mottling with green islands on leaves, and small and lopsided fruits. As the infection progresses, excessive fruit drop and dead branches are frequently observed, shortening the trees' lifespan and reducing fruit yield and quality. HLB occurrence is restricted to the States of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraná, which corresponds to more than 85% of citrus production in Brazil. Although citrus production is concentrated in these states, commercial citrus groves are present in 85% of the microregions of Brazil, reinforcing the economic and social importance of citrus for the country. Thus, in addition to the economic damage already caused to the national citrus industry, the spread of HLB to other regions of Brazil represents a great risk to the economic and food security of these non-affected regions. For this reason, the management of HLB is supported by legislative force, both at the federal and state levels. In 2008, based on scientific knowledge at the time, the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture published a Normative Instruction 53 (IN53) which established criteria related to HLB surveillance and control, imposing the obligation to carry out periodic phytosanitary inspections, eradication of symptomatic hosts and planting HLB-free nursery trees. The implementation of IN53 has already resulted in the eradication of 55.5 million HLB-infected citrus plants in the State of São Paulo alone in the period from 2007 to 2019. In May 2021, IN53 was revoked and Portaria 317 was published. This new policy establishes the National Programme for HLB Prevention and Control. It addresses the problem according to the HLB status in each State, with or without the disease, and sets the general guidelines for local control actions.	
Thesagro: 	Doença de Planta; Epidemiologia; Vetor.	
Thesaurus Nal: 	Citrus; Control methods; Disease surveillance; Disease vectors; Epidemiology; Greening disease.	
Categoria do assunto: 	H Saúde e Patologia	
Registro original: 	Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura (CNPMF)	
Exemplares: 	CNPMF - (33609-1) - UPC - AP - DD - Publicação digital -  -  - DIS