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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
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Data corrente: |
16/12/2003 |
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Data da última atualização: |
16/12/2003 |
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Autoria: |
BODDEY, R. M.; XAVIER, D. F.; ALVES, B. J. R.; URQUIAGA, S. |
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Título: |
Brazilian agriculture: The Transition to sustainability. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2003 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Journal of Crop Production, New York, v. 9, n. ½, p. 593-621, 2003. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Brazil has a total area of 85() million ha. of which 90% is within thc tropics. Historically. the system of exploitation of the land for agriculture and forestry was based on land clcarjl1g, cultivation for some years and then moving on to new areas. This process often left degraded areas behind, especially in the mountainous areas of the country. With modem agricultural technology, crops can be successfully grown in virtually any region of the country. The current challenge for Brazil is to feed its population and provide agricultural surpluses for lhe growing ex- port markets, while preserving its rich and biologically-diverse native vegetation which still covers almost half of lhe country. The objective or this review is to trace the history or agricultural activity in this country, and to assess the sustainability of lhe cropping and pasture systems which today occupy lhe largest areas. At present approximately 50 million ha are under annual and perennial crops, while almost twice this area is under pastures. These pastures. predominately Brachiaria spp., arc mostly in a degraded stale due to lack or fertilization and over grazing. The various options available 10 recover these pastures or convert these areas for sustainable cropping are explained. In recent years, increasing proportions of soybean, wheat, and com are produced under zero tillage which favors lhe conservation of soil organic matter. This not only radically reduces lhe risk of erosion but also increases lhe capacity of the soils to relain nutrients and water. Small holders who represent a considerable fraction of Brazil's food crop production, generally do not have access to fertilizers or other agricultural chemicals. They obtain very low yields and their farming practices exhaust lhe soil of nutrients. The Brazilian sugarcane industry is the largest in the world and recent changes in the management of this crop and its impact upon sustainability issues are also discussed. Brazil also has vast areas of degraded pastures and abandoned hillsides that can be used for agricultural expansion. This would prevent further destruction of native vegetation and its accompanying biological diversity for agriculture. MenosBrazil has a total area of 85() million ha. of which 90% is within thc tropics. Historically. the system of exploitation of the land for agriculture and forestry was based on land clcarjl1g, cultivation for some years and then moving on to new areas. This process often left degraded areas behind, especially in the mountainous areas of the country. With modem agricultural technology, crops can be successfully grown in virtually any region of the country. The current challenge for Brazil is to feed its population and provide agricultural surpluses for lhe growing ex- port markets, while preserving its rich and biologically-diverse native vegetation which still covers almost half of lhe country. The objective or this review is to trace the history or agricultural activity in this country, and to assess the sustainability of lhe cropping and pasture systems which today occupy lhe largest areas. At present approximately 50 million ha are under annual and perennial crops, while almost twice this area is under pastures. These pastures. predominately Brachiaria spp., arc mostly in a degraded stale due to lack or fertilization and over grazing. The various options available 10 recover these pastures or convert these areas for sustainable cropping are explained. In recent years, increasing proportions of soybean, wheat, and com are produced under zero tillage which favors lhe conservation of soil organic matter. This not only radically reduces lhe risk of erosion but also increases ... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Cana-de-açúcar; Coffee; Direct sowing; Soybean; Zero tillage. |
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Thesagro: |
Café; Pastagem; Plantio Direto; Soja. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
sugarcane; tropical pastures. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02951naa a2200289 a 4500
001 1625019
005 2003-12-16
008 2003 bl --- 0-- u #d
100 1 $aBODDEY, R. M.
245 $aBrazilian agriculture$bThe Transition to sustainability.
260 $c2003
520 $aBrazil has a total area of 85() million ha. of which 90% is within thc tropics. Historically. the system of exploitation of the land for agriculture and forestry was based on land clcarjl1g, cultivation for some years and then moving on to new areas. This process often left degraded areas behind, especially in the mountainous areas of the country. With modem agricultural technology, crops can be successfully grown in virtually any region of the country. The current challenge for Brazil is to feed its population and provide agricultural surpluses for lhe growing ex- port markets, while preserving its rich and biologically-diverse native vegetation which still covers almost half of lhe country. The objective or this review is to trace the history or agricultural activity in this country, and to assess the sustainability of lhe cropping and pasture systems which today occupy lhe largest areas. At present approximately 50 million ha are under annual and perennial crops, while almost twice this area is under pastures. These pastures. predominately Brachiaria spp., arc mostly in a degraded stale due to lack or fertilization and over grazing. The various options available 10 recover these pastures or convert these areas for sustainable cropping are explained. In recent years, increasing proportions of soybean, wheat, and com are produced under zero tillage which favors lhe conservation of soil organic matter. This not only radically reduces lhe risk of erosion but also increases lhe capacity of the soils to relain nutrients and water. Small holders who represent a considerable fraction of Brazil's food crop production, generally do not have access to fertilizers or other agricultural chemicals. They obtain very low yields and their farming practices exhaust lhe soil of nutrients. The Brazilian sugarcane industry is the largest in the world and recent changes in the management of this crop and its impact upon sustainability issues are also discussed. Brazil also has vast areas of degraded pastures and abandoned hillsides that can be used for agricultural expansion. This would prevent further destruction of native vegetation and its accompanying biological diversity for agriculture.
650 $asugarcane
650 $atropical pastures
650 $aCafé
650 $aPastagem
650 $aPlantio Direto
650 $aSoja
653 $aCana-de-açúcar
653 $aCoffee
653 $aDirect sowing
653 $aSoybean
653 $aZero tillage
700 1 $aXAVIER, D. F.
700 1 $aALVES, B. J. R.
700 1 $aURQUIAGA, S.
773 $tJournal of Crop Production, New York$gv. 9, n. ½, p. 593-621, 2003.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Agrobiologia (CNPAB) |
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| Registros recuperados : 727 | |
| 102. |  | PAREDES, D. da S.; ARAÚJO, E. S.; URQUIAGA, S.; ALVES, B. J. R.; BODDEY, R. M. Estimativa do N total do sistema radicular da soja através da marcação da planta com 15N-uréia. In: JORNADA DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 18., 2008, Seropédica, RJ. Seropédica, RJ, 2008. Parceria: UFRRJ| Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
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| 103. | | RODRIGUES, R. de A. R.; ALVES, B. J. R.; MOMBACH, M. A.; ZANATTA, J. A. Medição de fluxos de gases de efeito estufa e de variáveis acessórias. In: MENDONÇA, E. de S.; MATOS, E. da S. (Ed.). Matéria orgânica do solo: métodos de análises. 2. ed. rev. e atual. Viçosa, MG: UFV, Gefert, 2017. cap. 6, p. 171-214.| Tipo: Capítulo em Livro Técnico-Científico |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril; Embrapa Florestas; Embrapa Solos. |
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| 104. | | GUIMARÃES, A. P.; SILVA, C. F.; FAÇANHA, A. R.; ALVES, B. J. R.; BODDEY, R. M. Isotope fractionation of 15N during biological nitrogen fixation by endophytic diazotrophic bacteria grown "in vitro" . In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN WITH NON-LEGUMES, 12.; INTERNATIONAL INCT SYMPOSIUM ON NITROGEN BIOLOGICAL FIXATION, 2., 03 a 8 de outubro, 2010, Búzios, RJ. Book of abstracts... Seropédica: Embrapa Agrobiologia, 2010. Sl. 15| Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
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| 107. | | MONTEIRO, J. M. G.; ALVES, B. J. R.; ZUCHELLO, F.; SANT'ANNA, S. A. C. de. Emissão de gases de efeito-estufa em solos sob floresta e sob pastagem. In: PRADO, R. B.; FIDALGO, E. C. C.; BONNET, A. (Ed.). Monitoramento da revegetação do COMPERJ: etapa inicial. Brasília, DF: Embrapa, 2014. cap. 12, p. 207-220.| Tipo: Capítulo em Livro Técnico-Científico |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Solos. |
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| Registros recuperados : 727 | |
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