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Registro Completo |
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Meio Ambiente. |
Data corrente: |
20/05/2015 |
Data da última atualização: |
29/07/2015 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
Autoria: |
BELLON, S.; ABREU, L. S. de; VALARINI, P. J. |
Afiliação: |
S. Bellon, INRA/Avignon; LUCIMAR SANTIAGO DE ABREU, CNPMA; P. J. Valarini, Embrapa Meio Ambiente. |
Título: |
Relationships between social forms of organic horticultural production and indicators of environmental quality: a multidimensional approach in Brazil. |
Ano de publicação: |
2005 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE RESEARCH, 15., 2005, Adelaide, Austrália. Shaping sustainable systems: proceedings. Adelaide, Austrália: IFOAM, 2005. |
Páginas: |
págs. 430-433 |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
Organic farming (OF) is increasingly considered as a possible alternative for designing a "new rural" in Brazil, where OF covers a wide range of production and certification systems. However, the ways small farmers adopt OF in green belts to meet an urban demand in organic vegetables have not been extensively investigated. Likewise, the impact of such practices on environmental quality components has not been sufficiently documented. Our objective was to relate forms of organisation to environmental assessment in a watershed where organic horticulture significantly contributes to landscape and water quality. We showed how small farmers were organised or how they organised themselves to meet urban demands and develop OF. We assumed that associated practices were consistent with environmental impacts, as evaluated by indicators. Based on interviews with stakeholders, we identified four forms of organisation and associated farmers' practices. We related them to environmental assessment in three compartments: landscape ecology, water quality and soil quality. Although organisations share some objectives, namely with regard to visual quality and the "right price" of products, differences appear in their scope and internal operation, their values and relationships with consumers, and their technical and environmental contents. As for technical content, input supply, planning processes and crop diversity vary among organisations, ranging from liberal to hierarchical. Our results also showed similarities and differences among various organisations in terms of environmental impact. Such results are interpreted and discussed in the light of technical and social dimensions that account for the progressive design of new systems in Brazil. MenosOrganic farming (OF) is increasingly considered as a possible alternative for designing a "new rural" in Brazil, where OF covers a wide range of production and certification systems. However, the ways small farmers adopt OF in green belts to meet an urban demand in organic vegetables have not been extensively investigated. Likewise, the impact of such practices on environmental quality components has not been sufficiently documented. Our objective was to relate forms of organisation to environmental assessment in a watershed where organic horticulture significantly contributes to landscape and water quality. We showed how small farmers were organised or how they organised themselves to meet urban demands and develop OF. We assumed that associated practices were consistent with environmental impacts, as evaluated by indicators. Based on interviews with stakeholders, we identified four forms of organisation and associated farmers' practices. We related them to environmental assessment in three compartments: landscape ecology, water quality and soil quality. Although organisations share some objectives, namely with regard to visual quality and the "right price" of products, differences appear in their scope and internal operation, their values and relationships with consumers, and their technical and environmental contents. As for technical content, input supply, planning processes and crop diversity vary among organisations, ranging from liberal to hierarchical. Our results al... Mostrar Tudo |
Palavras-Chave: |
Forms of organisation; Small-scale horticultural organics. |
Thesagro: |
Agricultura orgânica; Horticultura. |
Thesaurus Nal: |
Horticulture; Organic production. |
Categoria do assunto: |
A Sistemas de Cultivo |
URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/124787/1/2005AA-013.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 02611nam a2200217 a 4500 001 2015781 005 2015-07-29 008 2005 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 100 1 $aBELLON, S. 245 $aRelationships between social forms of organic horticultural production and indicators of environmental quality$ba multidimensional approach in Brazil.$h[electronic resource] 260 $aIn: INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE RESEARCH, 15., 2005, Adelaide, Austrália. Shaping sustainable systems: proceedings. Adelaide, Austrália: IFOAM$c2005 300 $apágs. 430-433 520 $aOrganic farming (OF) is increasingly considered as a possible alternative for designing a "new rural" in Brazil, where OF covers a wide range of production and certification systems. However, the ways small farmers adopt OF in green belts to meet an urban demand in organic vegetables have not been extensively investigated. Likewise, the impact of such practices on environmental quality components has not been sufficiently documented. Our objective was to relate forms of organisation to environmental assessment in a watershed where organic horticulture significantly contributes to landscape and water quality. We showed how small farmers were organised or how they organised themselves to meet urban demands and develop OF. We assumed that associated practices were consistent with environmental impacts, as evaluated by indicators. Based on interviews with stakeholders, we identified four forms of organisation and associated farmers' practices. We related them to environmental assessment in three compartments: landscape ecology, water quality and soil quality. Although organisations share some objectives, namely with regard to visual quality and the "right price" of products, differences appear in their scope and internal operation, their values and relationships with consumers, and their technical and environmental contents. As for technical content, input supply, planning processes and crop diversity vary among organisations, ranging from liberal to hierarchical. Our results also showed similarities and differences among various organisations in terms of environmental impact. Such results are interpreted and discussed in the light of technical and social dimensions that account for the progressive design of new systems in Brazil. 650 $aHorticulture 650 $aOrganic production 650 $aAgricultura orgânica 650 $aHorticultura 653 $aForms of organisation 653 $aSmall-scale horticultural organics 700 1 $aABREU, L. S. de 700 1 $aVALARINI, P. J.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Meio Ambiente (CNPMA) |
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Registro Completo
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Meio-Norte. |
Data corrente: |
30/11/2015 |
Data da última atualização: |
25/05/2022 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
Autoria: |
SILVA, K. J. D. e; SOUZA, E. A.; FREIRE, C. N. S.; ISHIKAWA, F. H. |
Afiliação: |
KAESEL JACKSON DAMASCENO E SILVA, CPAMN; E.A. Souza, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Laboratório de Resistência de Plantas a Doenças e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Biologia, Lavras, MG.; C.N.S. Freire, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Laboratório de Resistência de Plantas a Doenças e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Biologia, Lavras, MG.; F.H. Ishikawa, Colegiado de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE. |
Título: |
Anastomosis groups and molecular variation in Pseudocercospora griseola. |
Ano de publicação: |
2015 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
Genetics and Molecular Research, Ribeirão Preto, v. 14, n. 3, p. 7436-7445, July 2015. |
ISSN: |
1676-5680 |
DOI: |
http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2015.July.3.19 |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
The fungus Pseudocercospora griseola is the causal agent of angular leaf spot, a common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) disease. The successful development of angular leaf spot-resistant cultivars depends on understanding the levels of variability in pathogen populations. P. griseola shows great pathogenic and genetic variation using inoculation on differential bean cultivars and molecular markers. Nevertheless, how this variability develops is not clearly understood. Parasexuality has been presented as a mechanism used by asexual fungi to increase variation. Hyphal fusion is the first step for the parasexual cycle, and it can be considered an additional trait for population studies. The aim of this study was to identify hyphal fusion (anastomosis) among P. grisola isolates and to evaluate the variability of isolates using analyses of anastomosis groups and RAPD markers. Hyphal anastomosis was observed in all isolates. Three isolates showed 85.0% compatibility and were compatible with 17 isolates. This is the first report of the occurrence of anastomosis between P. griseola isolates. Sixteen anastomosis groups were observed and only one group was formed by five isolates (Pg-01, Pg-02, Pg-07, Pg-08, and Pg-12). There was a large number of anastomosis groups and absence of clustering among isolates for hyphal fusion, demonstrating the existence of genetic variability for loci involved in the control of this trait. High genotypic variability by RAPD markers was detected, but there was no relationship between genotype and anastomosis group. More studies are necessary to elucidate further the process of asexual recombination in this phytopathogen. MenosThe fungus Pseudocercospora griseola is the causal agent of angular leaf spot, a common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) disease. The successful development of angular leaf spot-resistant cultivars depends on understanding the levels of variability in pathogen populations. P. griseola shows great pathogenic and genetic variation using inoculation on differential bean cultivars and molecular markers. Nevertheless, how this variability develops is not clearly understood. Parasexuality has been presented as a mechanism used by asexual fungi to increase variation. Hyphal fusion is the first step for the parasexual cycle, and it can be considered an additional trait for population studies. The aim of this study was to identify hyphal fusion (anastomosis) among P. grisola isolates and to evaluate the variability of isolates using analyses of anastomosis groups and RAPD markers. Hyphal anastomosis was observed in all isolates. Three isolates showed 85.0% compatibility and were compatible with 17 isolates. This is the first report of the occurrence of anastomosis between P. griseola isolates. Sixteen anastomosis groups were observed and only one group was formed by five isolates (Pg-01, Pg-02, Pg-07, Pg-08, and Pg-12). There was a large number of anastomosis groups and absence of clustering among isolates for hyphal fusion, demonstrating the existence of genetic variability for loci involved in the control of this trait. High genotypic variability by RAPD markers was detected, but there... Mostrar Tudo |
Palavras-Chave: |
Angular leaf spot; Ciclo parassexual; Common bean; Feijoeiro comum; RAPD markers. |
Thesagro: |
Mancha angular; Marcador molecular. |
Thesaurus NAL: |
Parasexual cycle; Phaeoisariopsis griseola. |
Categoria do assunto: |
G Melhoramento Genético |
URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/134323/1/ArtigoKaeselGMR.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 02533naa a2200289 a 4500 001 2030017 005 2022-05-25 008 2015 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 022 $a1676-5680 024 7 $ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2015.July.3.19$2DOI 100 1 $aSILVA, K. J. D. e 245 $aAnastomosis groups and molecular variation in Pseudocercospora griseola. 260 $c2015 520 $aThe fungus Pseudocercospora griseola is the causal agent of angular leaf spot, a common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) disease. The successful development of angular leaf spot-resistant cultivars depends on understanding the levels of variability in pathogen populations. P. griseola shows great pathogenic and genetic variation using inoculation on differential bean cultivars and molecular markers. Nevertheless, how this variability develops is not clearly understood. Parasexuality has been presented as a mechanism used by asexual fungi to increase variation. Hyphal fusion is the first step for the parasexual cycle, and it can be considered an additional trait for population studies. The aim of this study was to identify hyphal fusion (anastomosis) among P. grisola isolates and to evaluate the variability of isolates using analyses of anastomosis groups and RAPD markers. Hyphal anastomosis was observed in all isolates. Three isolates showed 85.0% compatibility and were compatible with 17 isolates. This is the first report of the occurrence of anastomosis between P. griseola isolates. Sixteen anastomosis groups were observed and only one group was formed by five isolates (Pg-01, Pg-02, Pg-07, Pg-08, and Pg-12). There was a large number of anastomosis groups and absence of clustering among isolates for hyphal fusion, demonstrating the existence of genetic variability for loci involved in the control of this trait. High genotypic variability by RAPD markers was detected, but there was no relationship between genotype and anastomosis group. More studies are necessary to elucidate further the process of asexual recombination in this phytopathogen. 650 $aParasexual cycle 650 $aPhaeoisariopsis griseola 650 $aMancha angular 650 $aMarcador molecular 653 $aAngular leaf spot 653 $aCiclo parassexual 653 $aCommon bean 653 $aFeijoeiro comum 653 $aRAPD markers 700 1 $aSOUZA, E. A. 700 1 $aFREIRE, C. N. S. 700 1 $aISHIKAWA, F. H. 773 $tGenetics and Molecular Research, Ribeirão Preto$gv. 14, n. 3, p. 7436-7445, July 2015.
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