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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Soja. |
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Data corrente: |
17/12/1992 |
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Data da última atualização: |
13/08/2004 |
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Autoria: |
COLLINS, G. B.; TAYLOR, N. L.; DEVERNA, J. W. |
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Título: |
In vitro approaches to interspecific hybridization and chromosome manipulation in crop plants. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1984 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: STADLER GENETICS SYMPOSIUM, 16., 1984, Missouri. Gene manipulation in plant improvement. New York : Plenum Press, 1984. |
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Páginas: |
p. 323-383. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
The results obtained to date involving the use of in vitro methods to facilitate wide hybridization in plants are voluminous and impressive. The techniques of embryo culture, ovule culture, and in vitro pollination and fertilization represent an extension of the normal sexual hybridization process. Successes recorded in obtaining hybrids stem largely from circumventing prezygotic or postzygotic hybridization barriers. Numerous recent successful hybridizations were possible because of the development of improved tissue and cell culture systems for crop plants and attention given to genotypes used in hybridization attempts. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization utilizing the process of protoplast fusion will bypass the limits set by all sexual methods. In addition to combining complete genomes from two different species through protoplast fusion, this system affords unique opportunities for creating novel cytoplasmic combinations, transfer on individual chromosomes, transfer of cytoplasmic organelles, manipulation of male sterility, and for single gene transfer. Some caution must be noted with regard to the extent of hybridization possible between distantly related species. Although practically no limit exists to the physical fusion of protoplasts from widely divergent species, the restrictions imposed by somatic incompatibility have not been adequately addressed. Regeneration of plants from the protoplast or single heterokaryon level is still a major hurdle for many important crop species before somatic ... MenosThe results obtained to date involving the use of in vitro methods to facilitate wide hybridization in plants are voluminous and impressive. The techniques of embryo culture, ovule culture, and in vitro pollination and fertilization represent an extension of the normal sexual hybridization process. Successes recorded in obtaining hybrids stem largely from circumventing prezygotic or postzygotic hybridization barriers. Numerous recent successful hybridizations were possible because of the development of improved tissue and cell culture systems for crop plants and attention given to genotypes used in hybridization attempts. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization utilizing the process of protoplast fusion will bypass the limits set by all sexual methods. In addition to combining complete genomes from two different species through protoplast fusion, this system affords unique opportunities for creating novel cytoplasmic combinations, transfer on individual chromosomes, transfer of cytoplasmic organelles, manipulation of male sterility, and for single gene transfer. Some caution must be noted with regard to the extent of hybridization possible between distantly related species. Although practically no limit exists to the physical fusion of protoplasts from widely divergent species, the restrictions imposed by somatic incompatibility have not been adequately addressed. Regeneration of plants from the protoplast or single heterokaryon level is still a major hurdle for many im... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Hibridizacao; Plant; Soybean; Sunflower. |
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Thesagro: |
Girassol; Melhoramento; Planta; Soja. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
breeding; hybridization. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02323naa a2200277 a 4500
001 1451969
005 2004-08-13
008 1984 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aCOLLINS, G. B.
245 $aIn vitro approaches to interspecific hybridization and chromosome manipulation in crop plants.
260 $c1984
300 $ap. 323-383.
520 $aThe results obtained to date involving the use of in vitro methods to facilitate wide hybridization in plants are voluminous and impressive. The techniques of embryo culture, ovule culture, and in vitro pollination and fertilization represent an extension of the normal sexual hybridization process. Successes recorded in obtaining hybrids stem largely from circumventing prezygotic or postzygotic hybridization barriers. Numerous recent successful hybridizations were possible because of the development of improved tissue and cell culture systems for crop plants and attention given to genotypes used in hybridization attempts. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization utilizing the process of protoplast fusion will bypass the limits set by all sexual methods. In addition to combining complete genomes from two different species through protoplast fusion, this system affords unique opportunities for creating novel cytoplasmic combinations, transfer on individual chromosomes, transfer of cytoplasmic organelles, manipulation of male sterility, and for single gene transfer. Some caution must be noted with regard to the extent of hybridization possible between distantly related species. Although practically no limit exists to the physical fusion of protoplasts from widely divergent species, the restrictions imposed by somatic incompatibility have not been adequately addressed. Regeneration of plants from the protoplast or single heterokaryon level is still a major hurdle for many important crop species before somatic ...
650 $abreeding
650 $ahybridization
650 $aGirassol
650 $aMelhoramento
650 $aPlanta
650 $aSoja
653 $aHibridizacao
653 $aPlant
653 $aSoybean
653 $aSunflower
700 1 $aTAYLOR, N. L.
700 1 $aDEVERNA, J. W.
773 $tIn: STADLER GENETICS SYMPOSIUM, 16., 1984, Missouri. Gene manipulation in plant improvement. New York : Plenum Press, 1984.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Soja (CNPSO) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cpatu.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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Data corrente: |
05/11/2014 |
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Data da última atualização: |
18/10/2022 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
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Autoria: |
BERENGUER, E.; FERREIRA, J.; GARDNER, T. A.; ARAGÃO, L. E. O. C.; CAMARGO, P. B. de; CERRI, C. E.; DURIGAN, M.; OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, R. C. de; VIEIRA, I. C. G.; BARLOW, J. |
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Afiliação: |
ERIKA BERENGUER, Lancaster University; JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU; TOBY ALAN GARDNER, University of Cambridge / International Institute for Sustainability / Stockholm Environment Institute; LUIZ EDUARDO OLIVEIRA CRUZ ARAGÃO, University of Exeter / INPE; PLÍNIO BARBOSA DE CAMARGO, CENA/USP; CARLOS EDUARDO CERRI, ESALQ/USP; MARIANA DURIGAN, ESALQ/USP; RAIMUNDO COSME DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, CPATU; IMA CELIA GUIMARÃES VIEIRA, MPEG; JOS BARLOW, Lancaster University / MPEG. |
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Título: |
A large-scale field assessment of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2014 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Global Change Biology, v. 20, n. 12, p. 3713-3726, 2014. |
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DOI: |
10.1111/gcb.12627 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Tropical rainforests store enormous amounts of carbon, the protection of which represents a vital component of efforts to mitigate global climate change. Currently, tropical forest conservation, science, policies, and climate mitigation actions focus predominantly on reducing carbon emissions from deforestation alone. However, every year vast areas of the humid tropics are disturbed by selective logging, understory fires, and habitat fragmentation. There is an urgent need to understand the effect of such disturbances on carbon stocks, and how stocks in disturbed forests compare to those found in undisturbed primary forests as well as in regenerating secondary forests. Here, we present the results of the largest field study to date on the impacts of human disturbances on above and belowground carbon stocks in tropical forests. Live vegetation, the largest carbon pool, was extremely sensitive to disturbance: forests that experienced both selective logging and understory fires stored, on average, 40% less aboveground carbon than undisturbed forests and were structurally similar to secondary forests. Edge effects also played an important role in explaining variability in aboveground carbon stocks of disturbed forests. Results indicate a potential rapid recovery of the dead wood and litter carbon pools, while soil stocks (0?30 cm) appeared to be resistant to the effects of logging and fire. Carbon loss and subsequent emissions due to human disturbances remain largely unaccounted for in greenhouse gas inventories, but by comparing our estimates of depleted carbon stocks in disturbed forests with Brazilian government assessments of the total forest area annually disturbed in the Amazon, we show that these emissions could represent up to 40% of the carbon loss from deforestation in the region. We conclude that conservation programs aiming to ensure the long-term permanence of forest carbon stocks, such as REDD+, will remain limited in their success unless they effectively avoid degradation as well as deforestation. MenosTropical rainforests store enormous amounts of carbon, the protection of which represents a vital component of efforts to mitigate global climate change. Currently, tropical forest conservation, science, policies, and climate mitigation actions focus predominantly on reducing carbon emissions from deforestation alone. However, every year vast areas of the humid tropics are disturbed by selective logging, understory fires, and habitat fragmentation. There is an urgent need to understand the effect of such disturbances on carbon stocks, and how stocks in disturbed forests compare to those found in undisturbed primary forests as well as in regenerating secondary forests. Here, we present the results of the largest field study to date on the impacts of human disturbances on above and belowground carbon stocks in tropical forests. Live vegetation, the largest carbon pool, was extremely sensitive to disturbance: forests that experienced both selective logging and understory fires stored, on average, 40% less aboveground carbon than undisturbed forests and were structurally similar to secondary forests. Edge effects also played an important role in explaining variability in aboveground carbon stocks of disturbed forests. Results indicate a potential rapid recovery of the dead wood and litter carbon pools, while soil stocks (0?30 cm) appeared to be resistant to the effects of logging and fire. Carbon loss and subsequent emissions due to human disturbances rem... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesagro: |
Biomassa; Floresta Secundaria; Solo; Vegetação. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Amazonia. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
K Ciência Florestal e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02893nga a2200301 a 4500
001 1999228
005 2022-10-18
008 2014 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.1111/gcb.12627$2DOI
100 1 $aBERENGUER, E.
245 $aA large-scale field assessment of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests.
260 $c2014
520 $aTropical rainforests store enormous amounts of carbon, the protection of which represents a vital component of efforts to mitigate global climate change. Currently, tropical forest conservation, science, policies, and climate mitigation actions focus predominantly on reducing carbon emissions from deforestation alone. However, every year vast areas of the humid tropics are disturbed by selective logging, understory fires, and habitat fragmentation. There is an urgent need to understand the effect of such disturbances on carbon stocks, and how stocks in disturbed forests compare to those found in undisturbed primary forests as well as in regenerating secondary forests. Here, we present the results of the largest field study to date on the impacts of human disturbances on above and belowground carbon stocks in tropical forests. Live vegetation, the largest carbon pool, was extremely sensitive to disturbance: forests that experienced both selective logging and understory fires stored, on average, 40% less aboveground carbon than undisturbed forests and were structurally similar to secondary forests. Edge effects also played an important role in explaining variability in aboveground carbon stocks of disturbed forests. Results indicate a potential rapid recovery of the dead wood and litter carbon pools, while soil stocks (0?30 cm) appeared to be resistant to the effects of logging and fire. Carbon loss and subsequent emissions due to human disturbances remain largely unaccounted for in greenhouse gas inventories, but by comparing our estimates of depleted carbon stocks in disturbed forests with Brazilian government assessments of the total forest area annually disturbed in the Amazon, we show that these emissions could represent up to 40% of the carbon loss from deforestation in the region. We conclude that conservation programs aiming to ensure the long-term permanence of forest carbon stocks, such as REDD+, will remain limited in their success unless they effectively avoid degradation as well as deforestation.
650 $aAmazonia
650 $aBiomassa
650 $aFloresta Secundaria
650 $aSolo
650 $aVegetação
700 1 $aFERREIRA, J.
700 1 $aGARDNER, T. A.
700 1 $aARAGÃO, L. E. O. C.
700 1 $aCAMARGO, P. B. de
700 1 $aCERRI, C. E.
700 1 $aDURIGAN, M.
700 1 $aOLIVEIRA JUNIOR, R. C. de
700 1 $aVIEIRA, I. C. G.
700 1 $aBARLOW, J.
773 $tGlobal Change Biology$gv. 20, n. 12, p. 3713-3726, 2014.
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