Data/hora: 01/06/2024 16:26:47

Biblioteca(s): | Embrapa Cerrados; Embrapa Gado de Corte; Embrapa Gado de Leite.
Data corrente: | 30/10/1996
Data da última atualização: | 10/11/1997
Autoria: | HUMPHREYS, L. R.
Título: | Tropical forages: their role in sustainable agriculture.
Ano de publicação: | 1994
Fonte/Imprenta: | Essex: Longman, 1994.
Páginas: | 414p.
ISBN: | 0582078687
Idioma: | Inglês
Conteúdo: | Pressure on the land resources of the tropics and subtropics has increased as the numbers of people supported by the land have risen.  The cultivation of uplands which are marginally suited to annual cropping has led to decreasing soil fertility and declining crop yields. Increased run-off from these lands has altered the hydrological characteristics of the watersheds, and the soil eroded represents the loss of irreplaceable resources. Continous monocropping leads to the development of intransigent problems of disease, pest or weed infestation.  In the humid tropics plantation agriculture is vulnerable to world price fluctuations, and farmers dependent upon a single export commodity seek to diversify their operations.  Tropical forages are playing an increasing role in the development of sustainable cropping systems, and a new technology of forage improvement has arisen. This book begins by outlining the objectives of the interaction between crops, pastures and animals.  These may be directed primarily to the maintenance or repair of soil fertility, as reflected by the nitrogen accretion due to forage legumes, the organic matter status, attributes of soil structure, the control of erosion and the spatial transfer of nutrients. The integration of forages in cropping systems may also lead to more efficient utilization of environmental resources, as represented by energy flows, moisture conservation and crop protection, whilst the added flexibility of production can lead to diversification and stabilization of farm income.   Principles for the management of various types of crop/forage systems are described. Pasture with tree crops may involve coconut, rubber, oil palm and fruit crops, representing developed land whose use may be intensified; or agroforestry in which timber and animal products are the outputs. Alley farming, in which shrub legumes are grown in conjunction with annual crops and are fed to livestock, has gained favour in some tropical regions as an innovative technology. The concept of ley pastures in rotation with annual crops requires revaluation, whilst the planting or regeneration of pastures after an annual cropping phase is widely practised. The integration of animals in annual cropping systems is favoured by companion or relay cropping with forage crop legumes, whilst the complementary use of crop and pasture lands is a feature of some systems where ruminants are used for draught as well as meat or milk.  Environmental protection and the maintenance of agriculture require the wide adoption of forages in tropical cropping systems. This book outlines the science upon which this adoption may be based.
Palavras-Chave: | Consorciacao; Culturas tropicais; Degradacao; Erosion; Feed crops; Fertility; Forage plants; Husbancry; Land resource; LForragem; Management; Pastagens; Pasture; Protecao de planta; Recurco da terra; Regiao tropical; Sistemas; Soil deterioration; Soils; Sustainability; Sustentabilidade; Tropical crops; Tropicos.
Thesagro: | Agricultura Sustentável; Agrossilvicultura; Deterioração; Erosão; Fertilidade; Fixação de Nitrogênio; Manejo; Pastagem; Pecuária; Pesquisa; Planta Forrageira; Produção Animal; Sistema de Produção; Solo.
Thesaurus Nal: | agriculture; agroforestry; cropping systems; farming systems; mixed cropping; nitrogen fixation; pastures; plant protection; research; sustainable agriculture; tropics.
Categoria do assunto: | --
Registro original: | Embrapa Cerrados (CPAC)

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