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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Florestas. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpf.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste; Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
10/11/2014 |
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Data da última atualização: |
06/03/2015 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
PIVA, J. T.; DIECKOW, J.; BAYER, C.; ZANATTA, J. A.; MORAES, A. de; TOMAZI, M.; PAULETTI, V.; BARTH, G.; PICCOLO, M. de C. |
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Afiliação: |
JONATAS TIAGO PIVA, UFPR; JEFERSON DIECKOW, UFPR; CIMÉLIO BAYER, UFRGS; JOSILEIA ACORDI ZANATTA, CNPF; ANIBAL DE MORAES, UFPR; MICHELY TOMAZI, UFRGS; VOLNEI PAULETTI, UFPR; GABRIEL BARTH, Fundação ABC para Assistência Técnica Agropecuária; MARISA DE CASSIA PICCOLO, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura/USP. |
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Título: |
Soil gaseous N2O and CH4 emissions and carbon pool due to integrated crop-livestock in a subtropical Ferralsol. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2014 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 190, p. 87-93, 2014. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
We assessed the impact of integrated crop-livestock (CL), with silage maize (Zea mays L.) in summerand grazed annual-ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in winter, and continuous crop (CC), with annual-ryegrass used only as cover-crop, on net greenhouse gas emission from soil (NetGHG-S) in a subtropicalFerralsol of a 3.5-year-old experiment in Brazil. Emissions from animal excreta in CL were estimated.Soil N2O fluxes after N application to maize were higher in CL (max. 181 g N2O-N m−2h−1) than in CC(max. 132 g N2O-N m−2h−1). The cumulative annual N2O emission from soil in CL surpassed that in CCby more than three-times (4.26 vs. 1.26 kg N2O-N ha−1, p < 0.01), possibly because of supplementary Napplication to grazed ryegrass in CL (N was not applied in cover-crop ryegrass of CC) and a certain degreeof soil compaction visually observed in the first few centimetres after grazing. The estimated annual N2Oemission from excreta in CL was 2.35 kg N2O-N ha−1. Cumulative annual CH4emission was not affectedsignificantly (1.65 in CL vs. 1.08 kg CH4-C ha−1in CC, p = 0.27). Soil organic carbon (OC) stocks were notaffected by soil use systems, neither in 0?20-cm (67.88 in CL vs. 67.20 Mg ha−1in CC, p = 0.62) or 0?100-cm (234.74 in CL vs. 234.61 Mg ha−1in CC, p = 0.97). The NetGHG-S was 0.652 Mg CO2-Ceqha−1year−1higher in CL than in CC. Crop-livestock emitted more N2O than CC and no soil OC sequestration occurredto offset that emission. Management of fertiliser- and excreta-N must be focused as a strategy to mitigate NO2 fluxes in CL. MenosWe assessed the impact of integrated crop-livestock (CL), with silage maize (Zea mays L.) in summerand grazed annual-ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in winter, and continuous crop (CC), with annual-ryegrass used only as cover-crop, on net greenhouse gas emission from soil (NetGHG-S) in a subtropicalFerralsol of a 3.5-year-old experiment in Brazil. Emissions from animal excreta in CL were estimated.Soil N2O fluxes after N application to maize were higher in CL (max. 181 g N2O-N m−2h−1) than in CC(max. 132 g N2O-N m−2h−1). The cumulative annual N2O emission from soil in CL surpassed that in CCby more than three-times (4.26 vs. 1.26 kg N2O-N ha−1, p < 0.01), possibly because of supplementary Napplication to grazed ryegrass in CL (N was not applied in cover-crop ryegrass of CC) and a certain degreeof soil compaction visually observed in the first few centimetres after grazing. The estimated annual N2Oemission from excreta in CL was 2.35 kg N2O-N ha−1. Cumulative annual CH4emission was not affectedsignificantly (1.65 in CL vs. 1.08 kg CH4-C ha−1in CC, p = 0.27). Soil organic carbon (OC) stocks were notaffected by soil use systems, neither in 0?20-cm (67.88 in CL vs. 67.20 Mg ha−1in CC, p = 0.62) or 0?100-cm (234.74 in CL vs. 234.61 Mg ha−1in CC, p = 0.97). The NetGHG-S was 0.652 Mg CO2-Ceqha−1year−1higher in CL than in CC. Crop-livestock emitted more N2O than CC and no soil OC sequestration occurredto offset tha... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Aquecimento global; Dairy livestock; Fertilização; Global warming mitigation; Mitigação; Subtropical soil. |
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Thesagro: |
Gado; Solo. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
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A Sistemas de Cultivo |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02483naa a2200313 a 4500
001 1999593
005 2015-03-06
008 2014 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aPIVA, J. T.
245 $aSoil gaseous N2O and CH4 emissions and carbon pool due to integrated crop-livestock in a subtropical Ferralsol.
260 $c2014
520 $aWe assessed the impact of integrated crop-livestock (CL), with silage maize (Zea mays L.) in summerand grazed annual-ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in winter, and continuous crop (CC), with annual-ryegrass used only as cover-crop, on net greenhouse gas emission from soil (NetGHG-S) in a subtropicalFerralsol of a 3.5-year-old experiment in Brazil. Emissions from animal excreta in CL were estimated.Soil N2O fluxes after N application to maize were higher in CL (max. 181 g N2O-N m−2h−1) than in CC(max. 132 g N2O-N m−2h−1). The cumulative annual N2O emission from soil in CL surpassed that in CCby more than three-times (4.26 vs. 1.26 kg N2O-N ha−1, p < 0.01), possibly because of supplementary Napplication to grazed ryegrass in CL (N was not applied in cover-crop ryegrass of CC) and a certain degreeof soil compaction visually observed in the first few centimetres after grazing. The estimated annual N2Oemission from excreta in CL was 2.35 kg N2O-N ha−1. Cumulative annual CH4emission was not affectedsignificantly (1.65 in CL vs. 1.08 kg CH4-C ha−1in CC, p = 0.27). Soil organic carbon (OC) stocks were notaffected by soil use systems, neither in 0?20-cm (67.88 in CL vs. 67.20 Mg ha−1in CC, p = 0.62) or 0?100-cm (234.74 in CL vs. 234.61 Mg ha−1in CC, p = 0.97). The NetGHG-S was 0.652 Mg CO2-Ceqha−1year−1higher in CL than in CC. Crop-livestock emitted more N2O than CC and no soil OC sequestration occurredto offset that emission. Management of fertiliser- and excreta-N must be focused as a strategy to mitigate NO2 fluxes in CL.
650 $aGado
650 $aSolo
653 $aAquecimento global
653 $aDairy livestock
653 $aFertilização
653 $aGlobal warming mitigation
653 $aMitigação
653 $aSubtropical soil
700 1 $aDIECKOW, J.
700 1 $aBAYER, C.
700 1 $aZANATTA, J. A.
700 1 $aMORAES, A. de
700 1 $aTOMAZI, M.
700 1 $aPAULETTI, V.
700 1 $aBARTH, G.
700 1 $aPICCOLO, M. de C.
773 $tAgriculture, Ecosystems and Environment$gv. 190, p. 87-93, 2014.
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Embrapa Florestas (CNPF) |
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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
25/09/2008 |
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Data da última atualização: |
25/09/2008 |
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Autoria: |
LÓPEZ, M. G.; SALMON, S.; COSÍN, D. D.; FERNANDEZ, R. |
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Título: |
The impact of the earthworm Aporrectodea giardi on the behavior of the collembola Heteromurus nitidus: discrimination between living space and nutrient resource supply. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
The effect of earthworms on microarthropod abundance and distribution has been studied by
several authors (Marinissen and Bok, 1988; Loranger et al., 1998; Salmon and Ponge 1999,
2001; Maraun et al., 1999; Migge, 2001; Gutiérrez et al., 2003), but the results obtained were
variable. Salmon et al. (2005) demonstrated that the presence of some earthworm species
increased the population densities of Heteromurus nitidus when submitted to a predation
pressure. It is hypothesised that H. nitidus benefited from earthworm burrows to escape predators
and from their excreta, which are attractant for this collembolan species (Salmon and Ponge,
2001).
The objective of this study was to discriminate between (1) the impact of burrows at the mechanical
level, in terms of increasing of the living space for Collembola (habitat structure), and (2) their
role as nutrient resource supply (habitat quality), by comparing the effect of artificial galleries
and true earthworm burrows created by Aporrectodea giardi on the behaviour of H. nitidus.
Three series (with six replicates each) of experiment were done in plastic boxes (18x12x6.5
cm) divided in two compartments with a 2mm pore-size mesh in the middle. In Treatment 1,
compacted soil without galleries was compared with compacted soil with artificial galleries of 7
mm (the diameter of the earthworm). Treatment 2 allowed to compare compacted soil with
artificial galleries of 7 mm and soil inhabited by A. giardi. In Treatment 3, compacted soil with
artificial galleries of 7 mm was compared with soil previously worked by A. giardi, from which
the earthworm was removed.
The soil used was a calcic mull sieved (4 mm) and defaunated (frozen and thawed three times
for five days). The experiment was done with a controlled number of predators and with
compacted soil at a constant density. The artificial galleries were made introducing a cable (7
mm diameter) into the compacted soil. Natural galleries from A. giardi without A. giardi were
created introducing one individual in each microcosm for 15 days and extracting the earthworms
with a moisture gradient before the beginning of the experiment.
28 H. nitidus (14 in each compartment) and 12 predators Chilopods (six in each compartment)
were introduced in each microcosm. The experiment was maintained for 15 days at 15ºC. Then,
the fauna from each type of soil was extracted with the Berlese-Tullgren method and counted
under a stereomicroscope. The mean number H. nitidus in the two compartments was compared
by a paired t-test.
A greater number of adult H. nitidus were collected in compartments with artificial galleries of 7
mm than in compacted soil. The Collembola could use these galleries to escape from predators.
No significant differences were found in the abundance of adult H. nitidus between artificial
galleries of 7 mm and natural galleries with or without A. giardi. Those results mean that, over a
short period (15d), A. giardi could influence favourably the populations of H. nitidus increasing
their living space independently of its impact through resource supply (cast and mucus spread on the burrow wall). A contrasted result was observed for juveniles, which were significantly
more abundant in the artificial galleries of 7 mm than in soil with the earthworm; it could show
that adult H. nitidus prevent their eggs and juveniles from the physical disturbance resulting from
the activity of A. giardi, by selecting a large living space without disturbance (artificial galleries)
for their reproduction.
Therefore, earthworms would have a positive effect on the habitat structure for Collembola,
allowing them to escape predators but may also negatively affect the reproduction of Collembola
by physical disturbance and destabilization of habitat. MenosThe effect of earthworms on microarthropod abundance and distribution has been studied by
several authors (Marinissen and Bok, 1988; Loranger et al., 1998; Salmon and Ponge 1999,
2001; Maraun et al., 1999; Migge, 2001; Gutiérrez et al., 2003), but the results obtained were
variable. Salmon et al. (2005) demonstrated that the presence of some earthworm species
increased the population densities of Heteromurus nitidus when submitted to a predation
pressure. It is hypothesised that H. nitidus benefited from earthworm burrows to escape predators
and from their excreta, which are attractant for this collembolan species (Salmon and Ponge,
2001).
The objective of this study was to discriminate between (1) the impact of burrows at the mechanical
level, in terms of increasing of the living space for Collembola (habitat structure), and (2) their
role as nutrient resource supply (habitat quality), by comparing the effect of artificial galleries
and true earthworm burrows created by Aporrectodea giardi on the behaviour of H. nitidus.
Three series (with six replicates each) of experiment were done in plastic boxes (18x12x6.5
cm) divided in two compartments with a 2mm pore-size mesh in the middle. In Treatment 1,
compacted soil without galleries was compared with compacted soil with artificial galleries of 7
mm (the diameter of the earthworm). Treatment 2 allowed to compare compacted soil with
artificial galleries of 7 mm and soil inhabited by A. giardi. In Treatment 3, compacted soil wit... Mostrar Tudo |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 04575naa a2200157 a 4500
001 1314952
005 2008-09-25
008 2008 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aLÓPEZ, M. G.
245 $aThe impact of the earthworm Aporrectodea giardi on the behavior of the collembola Heteromurus nitidus$bdiscrimination between living space and nutrient resource supply.
260 $c2008
520 $aThe effect of earthworms on microarthropod abundance and distribution has been studied by several authors (Marinissen and Bok, 1988; Loranger et al., 1998; Salmon and Ponge 1999, 2001; Maraun et al., 1999; Migge, 2001; Gutiérrez et al., 2003), but the results obtained were variable. Salmon et al. (2005) demonstrated that the presence of some earthworm species increased the population densities of Heteromurus nitidus when submitted to a predation pressure. It is hypothesised that H. nitidus benefited from earthworm burrows to escape predators and from their excreta, which are attractant for this collembolan species (Salmon and Ponge, 2001). The objective of this study was to discriminate between (1) the impact of burrows at the mechanical level, in terms of increasing of the living space for Collembola (habitat structure), and (2) their role as nutrient resource supply (habitat quality), by comparing the effect of artificial galleries and true earthworm burrows created by Aporrectodea giardi on the behaviour of H. nitidus. Three series (with six replicates each) of experiment were done in plastic boxes (18x12x6.5 cm) divided in two compartments with a 2mm pore-size mesh in the middle. In Treatment 1, compacted soil without galleries was compared with compacted soil with artificial galleries of 7 mm (the diameter of the earthworm). Treatment 2 allowed to compare compacted soil with artificial galleries of 7 mm and soil inhabited by A. giardi. In Treatment 3, compacted soil with artificial galleries of 7 mm was compared with soil previously worked by A. giardi, from which the earthworm was removed. The soil used was a calcic mull sieved (4 mm) and defaunated (frozen and thawed three times for five days). The experiment was done with a controlled number of predators and with compacted soil at a constant density. The artificial galleries were made introducing a cable (7 mm diameter) into the compacted soil. Natural galleries from A. giardi without A. giardi were created introducing one individual in each microcosm for 15 days and extracting the earthworms with a moisture gradient before the beginning of the experiment. 28 H. nitidus (14 in each compartment) and 12 predators Chilopods (six in each compartment) were introduced in each microcosm. The experiment was maintained for 15 days at 15ºC. Then, the fauna from each type of soil was extracted with the Berlese-Tullgren method and counted under a stereomicroscope. The mean number H. nitidus in the two compartments was compared by a paired t-test. A greater number of adult H. nitidus were collected in compartments with artificial galleries of 7 mm than in compacted soil. The Collembola could use these galleries to escape from predators. No significant differences were found in the abundance of adult H. nitidus between artificial galleries of 7 mm and natural galleries with or without A. giardi. Those results mean that, over a short period (15d), A. giardi could influence favourably the populations of H. nitidus increasing their living space independently of its impact through resource supply (cast and mucus spread on the burrow wall). A contrasted result was observed for juveniles, which were significantly more abundant in the artificial galleries of 7 mm than in soil with the earthworm; it could show that adult H. nitidus prevent their eggs and juveniles from the physical disturbance resulting from the activity of A. giardi, by selecting a large living space without disturbance (artificial galleries) for their reproduction. Therefore, earthworms would have a positive effect on the habitat structure for Collembola, allowing them to escape predators but may also negatively affect the reproduction of Collembola by physical disturbance and destabilization of habitat.
700 1 $aSALMON, S.
700 1 $aCOSÍN, D. D.
700 1 $aFERNANDEZ, R.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM.
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