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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
18/09/2008 |
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Data da última atualização: |
18/09/2008 |
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Autoria: |
MONDINO, E. A.; OLIVEIRA, C. P. de; SOUZA, N. B. de; TAVARES, O. C. H.; BERBARA, R. L. L. |
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Título: |
The nematodes communities associated to different vegetable formations in the Restinga of Marambaia RJ, Brazil. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Restingas are a group of the vegetable communities, with different physiognomies, under sea
and fluvio influence. These communities, distributed in mosaic, are found in areas of great
ecological diversity being considered edafics communities as they depend more on the nature
of the soil than that of the climate. The nematodes community?s structure offers an important and
efficient instrument for biological evaluation of the quality and functionality of the soils. Soil
nematodes not only reflect the soil processes but also influence it. Nematodes community?s
indexes can be used to monitor the ecological conditions of the soil. The Objective of this work
was to evaluate the nematode?s community in relation to the different vegetable formations in
the Restinga da Marambaia. The nematologic fauna was monitored in the Restinga, coast
south of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The samples were taken in July of 2006 (scarce rains in the
winter) in three vegetable physiognomies: (A) herbaceous vegetation of sandy string
(homogeneous habitat), (B) Shrublayer open non swamp and (C) forest of sandy string
(heterogeneous habitats). The composed sample was collected at 20 cm of depth in zig-zag,
with six points from representative vegetable areas. For nematodes extraction it was used the
flotation-centrifugation. The identification was done under microscope, up to the gender category,
being used of the vast literature on the theme. The Abundance was Calculated (number ind. /
100 ml soil), it Structures Trophic and the indexes: Shannon (H?), Simpson (D) and evenness
(J´), maturity (MI), enrichment (MI2-5) and parasitism (PPI). Ten genus and one family were
identified. 6 genus were described in A and B and 5 in C, and the density of the nematodes was
of 20, 26, 49 ind.100ml-1 of soil respectively. There were more individuals plant feeders in the
most heterogeneous environment (C) than in A and B (100, 90 and 89%). It was determined in
the most homogeneous environment the largest presence of Hemycicliophora (70%) in A,
Dolichodorus (32%), Criconemela (26%) and Dorylaimellus (21%) in B, and Criconema (50%)
in the most heterogeneous environment (C). B presented H? 1,56; J (0,87) and D (0,21). The
area C presented larger D (0,86) due to the high presence of Criconema, and the environment
A presented intermediate values of the indexes. MIs were larger for A and B. In the case of C MI
it was zero, for only to present nematodes plant feeders, being larger IPP. Shrublayer open non
swamp (B) was determined as the more stable environment by presenting larger diversity,
evenness and index of maturity modified (ÓMI). MenosRestingas are a group of the vegetable communities, with different physiognomies, under sea
and fluvio influence. These communities, distributed in mosaic, are found in areas of great
ecological diversity being considered edafics communities as they depend more on the nature
of the soil than that of the climate. The nematodes community?s structure offers an important and
efficient instrument for biological evaluation of the quality and functionality of the soils. Soil
nematodes not only reflect the soil processes but also influence it. Nematodes community?s
indexes can be used to monitor the ecological conditions of the soil. The Objective of this work
was to evaluate the nematode?s community in relation to the different vegetable formations in
the Restinga da Marambaia. The nematologic fauna was monitored in the Restinga, coast
south of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The samples were taken in July of 2006 (scarce rains in the
winter) in three vegetable physiognomies: (A) herbaceous vegetation of sandy string
(homogeneous habitat), (B) Shrublayer open non swamp and (C) forest of sandy string
(heterogeneous habitats). The composed sample was collected at 20 cm of depth in zig-zag,
with six points from representative vegetable areas. For nematodes extraction it was used the
flotation-centrifugation. The identification was done under microscope, up to the gender category,
being used of the vast literature on the theme. The Abundance was Calculated (number ind. /
100 ml soil), it ... Mostrar Tudo |
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Categoria do assunto: |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03421naa a2200169 a 4500
001 1314873
005 2008-09-18
008 2008 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aMONDINO, E. A.
245 $aThe nematodes communities associated to different vegetable formations in the Restinga of Marambaia RJ, Brazil.
260 $c2008
520 $aRestingas are a group of the vegetable communities, with different physiognomies, under sea and fluvio influence. These communities, distributed in mosaic, are found in areas of great ecological diversity being considered edafics communities as they depend more on the nature of the soil than that of the climate. The nematodes community?s structure offers an important and efficient instrument for biological evaluation of the quality and functionality of the soils. Soil nematodes not only reflect the soil processes but also influence it. Nematodes community?s indexes can be used to monitor the ecological conditions of the soil. The Objective of this work was to evaluate the nematode?s community in relation to the different vegetable formations in the Restinga da Marambaia. The nematologic fauna was monitored in the Restinga, coast south of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The samples were taken in July of 2006 (scarce rains in the winter) in three vegetable physiognomies: (A) herbaceous vegetation of sandy string (homogeneous habitat), (B) Shrublayer open non swamp and (C) forest of sandy string (heterogeneous habitats). The composed sample was collected at 20 cm of depth in zig-zag, with six points from representative vegetable areas. For nematodes extraction it was used the flotation-centrifugation. The identification was done under microscope, up to the gender category, being used of the vast literature on the theme. The Abundance was Calculated (number ind. / 100 ml soil), it Structures Trophic and the indexes: Shannon (H?), Simpson (D) and evenness (J´), maturity (MI), enrichment (MI2-5) and parasitism (PPI). Ten genus and one family were identified. 6 genus were described in A and B and 5 in C, and the density of the nematodes was of 20, 26, 49 ind.100ml-1 of soil respectively. There were more individuals plant feeders in the most heterogeneous environment (C) than in A and B (100, 90 and 89%). It was determined in the most homogeneous environment the largest presence of Hemycicliophora (70%) in A, Dolichodorus (32%), Criconemela (26%) and Dorylaimellus (21%) in B, and Criconema (50%) in the most heterogeneous environment (C). B presented H? 1,56; J (0,87) and D (0,21). The area C presented larger D (0,86) due to the high presence of Criconema, and the environment A presented intermediate values of the indexes. MIs were larger for A and B. In the case of C MI it was zero, for only to present nematodes plant feeders, being larger IPP. Shrublayer open non swamp (B) was determined as the more stable environment by presenting larger diversity, evenness and index of maturity modified (ÓMI).
700 1 $aOLIVEIRA, C. P. de
700 1 $aSOUZA, N. B. de
700 1 $aTAVARES, O. C. H.
700 1 $aBERBARA, R. L. L.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Florestas (CNPF) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Florestas. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpf.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
10/11/2014 |
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Data da última atualização: |
10/11/2014 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
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Autoria: |
SORDI, A.; DIECKOW, J.; BAYER, C.; ALBUQUERQUE, M. A.; PIVA, J. T.; ZANATTA, J. A.; TOMAZI, M.; ROSA, C. M. da; MORAES, A. de. |
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Afiliação: |
ANDRÉ SORDI, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, UFPR; Jeferson Dieckow, UFPR; Cimélio Bayer, UFRGS; MÁRCIO AMARAL ALBUQUERQUE, Programa de pós-graduação em Ciência do Solo, UFPR; JONATAS THIAGO PIVA, UFSC; JOSILEIA ACORDI ZANATTA, CNPF; Michely Tomazi, UFRGS; CARLA MACHADO DA ROSA, UFRGS; Anibal de Moraes, UFPR. |
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Título: |
Nitrous oxide emission factors for urine and dung patchesin a subtropical Brazilian pastureland. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2014 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 190, p. 94-103, 2014. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
tCattle urine and dung (faeces) patches are nitrous oxide (N2O) sources in pasturelands with impactsin the global N2O budget, but specific information about those emissions are still missing for Braziliansubtropical and tropical regions. We conducted a sequence of 3 field-trials (summer, winter and spring,90 days each) to evaluate the N2O emission and emission factor (EF) after the deposition of 3 volumes ofcattle urine or 3 weights of dung (½, 1 and 1½ time the mean urination volume or defecation weight ofFriesian cows) on a free-drained Cambisol of a subtropical pastureland of Brazil. The N2O emission peaks(3198 g N2O-N m−2h−1after urine in summer was the highest) occurred on average 17 ± 9 days afterapplication (DAA), both for urine and dung, and dropped to the background levels 41 ± 10 DAA of urineand 49 ± 10 DAA of dung. The highest contents of NH4+-N in soil (200?250 mg N kg−1) occurred one dayafter urine application and 10?14 days later for dung (100?200 mg N kg−1). Nitrate peaks occurred from23 to 26 DAA in urine patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1) and 19?50 DAA in dung patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1).The N2O emission peaks for urine coincided with soil NH4+-N peak in winter but with soil NO3−-N peakin spring. For dung, the emission peak seemed to be more associated with soil NO3−-N than to NH4+-N,either in winter or spring (inorganic-N was not assessed in summer). It was not possible to concludewhether nitrification or denitrification was the dominant process in N2O production, but it seemed thatboth played relevant roles. The EF for urine, averaged across the seasons, diminished with increments inurine volume, from 0.33% in ½ volume to 0.19% in 1½ volume, possibly because urine percolated deeperinto the soil and proportionally less N remained available for N2O production in the top layer. The EFfor dung was 0.19%, 0.12% and 0.14% for ½, 1 and 1½ weight, respectively, showing no clear trend withincrement in dung weight. The lowest EFs for urine and dung occurred in winter, possibly because oflowest temperatures and soil water-filled pore space. The average EF for dung (0.15%) was lower thanthat of urine (0.26%), because urea-N of urine is more readily available for the hydrolysis than organicN forms of dung. This result suggests that these two excreta should be addressed separately in nationalgreenhouse gases inventories or communications. Our results suggest that the default 2% EF proposed inIPCC Guidelines for cattle excreta are overestimated for subtropical Brazil. MenostCattle urine and dung (faeces) patches are nitrous oxide (N2O) sources in pasturelands with impactsin the global N2O budget, but specific information about those emissions are still missing for Braziliansubtropical and tropical regions. We conducted a sequence of 3 field-trials (summer, winter and spring,90 days each) to evaluate the N2O emission and emission factor (EF) after the deposition of 3 volumes ofcattle urine or 3 weights of dung (½, 1 and 1½ time the mean urination volume or defecation weight ofFriesian cows) on a free-drained Cambisol of a subtropical pastureland of Brazil. The N2O emission peaks(3198 g N2O-N m−2h−1after urine in summer was the highest) occurred on average 17 ± 9 days afterapplication (DAA), both for urine and dung, and dropped to the background levels 41 ± 10 DAA of urineand 49 ± 10 DAA of dung. The highest contents of NH4+-N in soil (200?250 mg N kg−1) occurred one dayafter urine application and 10?14 days later for dung (100?200 mg N kg−1). Nitrate peaks occurred from23 to 26 DAA in urine patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1) and 19?50 DAA in dung patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1).The N2O emission peaks for urine coincided with soil NH4+-N peak in winter but with soil NO3−-N peakin spring. For dung, the emission peak seemed to be more associated with soil NO3−-N than to NH4+-N,either in winter or spring (inorganic-N was not assessed in summer). It was not possible to concludewhether nitrification or d... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Fator de emissão; Óxido nitroso; Volume de urina. |
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Thesagro: |
Gado; Nitrato; Pastagem. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03383naa a2200289 a 4500
001 1999594
005 2014-11-10
008 2014 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aSORDI, A.
245 $aNitrous oxide emission factors for urine and dung patchesin a subtropical Brazilian pastureland.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2014
520 $atCattle urine and dung (faeces) patches are nitrous oxide (N2O) sources in pasturelands with impactsin the global N2O budget, but specific information about those emissions are still missing for Braziliansubtropical and tropical regions. We conducted a sequence of 3 field-trials (summer, winter and spring,90 days each) to evaluate the N2O emission and emission factor (EF) after the deposition of 3 volumes ofcattle urine or 3 weights of dung (½, 1 and 1½ time the mean urination volume or defecation weight ofFriesian cows) on a free-drained Cambisol of a subtropical pastureland of Brazil. The N2O emission peaks(3198 g N2O-N m−2h−1after urine in summer was the highest) occurred on average 17 ± 9 days afterapplication (DAA), both for urine and dung, and dropped to the background levels 41 ± 10 DAA of urineand 49 ± 10 DAA of dung. The highest contents of NH4+-N in soil (200?250 mg N kg−1) occurred one dayafter urine application and 10?14 days later for dung (100?200 mg N kg−1). Nitrate peaks occurred from23 to 26 DAA in urine patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1) and 19?50 DAA in dung patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1).The N2O emission peaks for urine coincided with soil NH4+-N peak in winter but with soil NO3−-N peakin spring. For dung, the emission peak seemed to be more associated with soil NO3−-N than to NH4+-N,either in winter or spring (inorganic-N was not assessed in summer). It was not possible to concludewhether nitrification or denitrification was the dominant process in N2O production, but it seemed thatboth played relevant roles. The EF for urine, averaged across the seasons, diminished with increments inurine volume, from 0.33% in ½ volume to 0.19% in 1½ volume, possibly because urine percolated deeperinto the soil and proportionally less N remained available for N2O production in the top layer. The EFfor dung was 0.19%, 0.12% and 0.14% for ½, 1 and 1½ weight, respectively, showing no clear trend withincrement in dung weight. The lowest EFs for urine and dung occurred in winter, possibly because oflowest temperatures and soil water-filled pore space. The average EF for dung (0.15%) was lower thanthat of urine (0.26%), because urea-N of urine is more readily available for the hydrolysis than organicN forms of dung. This result suggests that these two excreta should be addressed separately in nationalgreenhouse gases inventories or communications. Our results suggest that the default 2% EF proposed inIPCC Guidelines for cattle excreta are overestimated for subtropical Brazil.
650 $aGado
650 $aNitrato
650 $aPastagem
653 $aFator de emissão
653 $aÓxido nitroso
653 $aVolume de urina
700 1 $aDIECKOW, J.
700 1 $aBAYER, C.
700 1 $aALBUQUERQUE, M. A.
700 1 $aPIVA, J. T.
700 1 $aZANATTA, J. A.
700 1 $aTOMAZI, M.
700 1 $aROSA, C. M. da
700 1 $aMORAES, A. de
773 $tAgriculture, Ecosystems and Environment$gv. 190, p. 94-103, 2014.
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