02590naa a2200265 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000170006024500930007726000090017052018590017965000110203865000130204965000090206265000220207165300170209365300190211065300240212965300130215365300130216670000230217970000230220270000210222577300780224618106442017-03-13       1997    bl ---       0--  u    #d1 aSEIDL, A. F.  aEstimated cost of a Trypanosoma vivax outbreak on brood cattle in the Pantanal (Brazil).  c1997  aIn an outbreak on 7 ranches in the northern subregion of Pocone, Trypanosoma vivax was identified in the Brazilian Pantanal for the first time in 1995. The impact of T. vivax on African cattle ranching has been profound and its arrival in the Pantanal is cause for great concern. T. vivax infection in cattle results in abortions, low productivity and death. We estimate the financial impact of the first outbreak of Trypanosoma vivax in the Pantanal in order to provide a notion of the potential influence of the disease and an analytical basis for future analyses. Since cattle and calves represent investments to the rancher and the impact of a T. vivax is not necessarily concurrent with either investment or infection, a present valuation of the costs of the disease was appropriate. The total estimated present value of the 2,222 brood cows is US$855,470. About 34.5% of the brood cows were infected with the disease. The estimated cost of the outbreak is the sum of the present values of mortality, abortion, and productivity losses and treatment costs, or US$32,631 (US$14.68/brood cow, US$4,662/ranch, 4% of total value). The cost of fertility losses generated the greatest proportion of the estimated costs of the disease in our calculations (2/3 of total). Treatment costs created the second greatest source of costs to the rancher (1/4 of total). Had the outbreak gone untreated, the estimated losses would have exceeded US$140,000 (US$63.76/brood cow, US$20,239/ranch, 17% of total value). Abortion and brood cow mortality prior to treatment costs were approximately 4% of the total, each. Diagnosis and treatment of the disease is cost effective. Outbreaks will likely increase in frequency and magnitude in the future warranting further research into potential control strategies for trypanosomes in the Pantanal and the Bolivian lowlands.  aBrazil  aPantanal  aGado  aTrypanosoma Vivax  aBrood cattle  aEstimated cost  aEstimativa de custo  aParasita  aParasite1 aSILVA, R. A. M. S.1 aABREU, U. G. P. de1 aPELLEGRIN, A. O.  tMemorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruzgv.92, p.101, Nov. 1997. Supplement 1.