03105naa a2200313 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000170006024501160007726000090019330000120020249000370021450001800025152018690043165000090230070000280230970000180233770000180235570000140237370000220238770000170240970000230242670000200244970000160246970000210248570000170250670000220252377302460254514668312013-09-11       2004    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aLEMOS, N. G.  aIntroduction of genes that confer drought stress tolerance in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] by biobalistic.  c2004  ap. 256.  a(Embrapa Soja. Documentos, 228).  aEditado por Flávio Moscardi, Clara Beatriz Hoffmann-Campo, Odilon Ferreira Saraiva, Paulo Roberto Galerani, Francisco Carlos Krzyzanowski, Mercedes Concordia Carrão-Panizzi.  aThe soybean crop moves the Brazilian economy from the primary sector to the industry, generating many direct and indirect jobs. However, yearly billions of dolars are lost due abiotic and biotic stresses occurring during the crop cycle. Abiotic stresses, precisely drought, is one of the main causes of yield losses. Aiming to minimize this damage, scientists are using biotechnology methods, introducing genes in plants to improve tolerance to drought stress. The plant drought response is regulated by a complex of genes generating a variety of tolerance mecanisms. The complexity of such responses make difficult of using classic breeding methods in the development tolerant varieties. However, genetic engineering of key genes in key metabolic pathways has succeded in incresing drought tolerance in many crops. Our objective was to introduce in soybean the expression cassets pRD29:DREB1 and pE35S:P5CS-129A, using an Embrapa's patent method of Biobalistics that confer dehydration tolerance in plants. DREB1A (Dehidration Responsive Biding Element Protein) is a transcription factor responsible by the activation of genes involved in the drought, freezing and saline stress response; P5CS-129A is also a key enzime in the pathway for proline production. Proline increasing in the cytosol has been related to the cell turgor preservation and protection of cell structures during dehydration by scavenging oxidative radicals. The transformed plants have been generated and tested by PCR. More than 2590 embryos were transformed until now. Nineteen plants were PCR positives for the AHAS gene and none PCR positive plants were detected until now for the p35S:P5CS-129A construct. Number of insertion copies and expression levels will be tested in the positive plants. Physiological characterization in drought conditions will be carried on in promissing events.  aSoja1 aYAMAGUCHI-SHINOZAKI, K.1 aNAKASHIMA, K.1 aMOLINA, J. C.1 aSTOLF, R.1 aMORALES, A. M. R.1 aLUGLE, S. M.1 aSILVEIRA, C. A. de1 aMARIN, S. R. R.1 aBINNECK, E.1 aFARIAS, J. R. B.1 aNEUMAIER, N.1 aNEPOMUCENO, A. L.  tIn: WORLD SOYBEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE, 7.; INTERNATIONAL SOYBEAN PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION CONFERENCE, 4.; CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE SOJA, 3., 2004, Foz do Iguassu. Abstracts of contributed papers and posters. Londrina: Embrapa Soybean, 2004.