03489nam a2200373 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000230006024501630008326003160024630000240056252020720058665000160265865000210267465000190269565000150271465000190272965000190274865000160276765000180278365000310280165000260283265000150285865300180287365300240289165300260291565300260294165300210296765300220298865300180301065300270302865300320305570000280308721394152023-09-22       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aASSIS, G. M. L. de  aWarm-season legumesbchallenges and constraints to adapting warm-season legumes to transition zone climates with examples from Arachis.h[electronic resource]  aIn: INTERNATIONAL GRASSLAND CONGRESS, 24.; INTERNATIONAL RANGELAND CONGRESS, 11., 2021, Lexington, KY. Sustainable use of grassland and rangeland resources for improved livelihoods: proceedings. Lexington, KY: University of Kentuck: IGC/IRC Congress: Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organizationc2021  a5 p.cOral session.  aGrass pastures in monoculture are the predominant system in transition zone climates, where warm-season perennial grasses are usually cultivated. Mixed grass-legume pastures are worldwide recognized for having advantages over pure stands, including pasture longevity, N input from biological fixation, efficient nutrient cycling, and greater animal production. The genus Arachis encompasses important and successful warmseason forage legume species cultivated in mixed pastures or in pure stands. Arachis pintoi and Arachis glabrata are potential tropical forage species that can be used in transition zone climates. Mixed pastures with these legumes have been shown to be resilient systems, able to withstand short-term perturbations, like pests, diseases, drought, or flooding. Wide adoption of A. glabrata is constrained by its high cost and slow establishment period. This species has low potential to produce seeds, and rhizomes are required for propagation. Although great seed production is verified in some A. pintoi genotypes, vegetative propagation is also most often used, since seeds are produced underground, and a large-scale commercial seed production depends on the development of an efficient seed harvester. Developing new cultivars with persistent link between seed and peg is a great challenge for breeders. A. pintoi spreads faster than A. glabrata in tropical regions, and the genetic variability for lateral expansion and ground cover in mixed stands must be better understood in humid subtropical climates. The evaluation of Arachis wild germplasm has already shown genetic variability for traits of interest for use in mixed pastures. Studies have also shown that there is genotype x environment interaction considering tropical and subtropical climates. The greatest chances of success in obtaining more adapted, productive, and faster establishing Arachis cultivarsfor transition zone climates seems to be no longer in the identification of superior wild accessions but in the hybridization and selection through specific breeding programs.  aAcclimation  aArachis glabrata  aArachis pintoi  aCrop yield  aForage legumes  aVariety trials  aWarm season  aAclimatação  aComportamento de Variedade  aLeguminosa Forrageira  aRendimento  aAclimatación  aAmendoim forrageiro  aCacahuetes forrajeros  aEnsayos de variedades  aEstação quente  aEstación cálida  aForage peanut  aLeguminosas forrajeras  aRendimiento de los cultivos1 aDUBEUX JUNIOR, J. C. B.