02606naa a2200313 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000230011224501130013526000090024852017200025765000160197765000180199365000160201165000270202765000170205465000090207165300270208065300270210765300230213465300170215770000140217470000170218870000120220570000190221770000120223677300440224821345842021-12-13       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98256-62DOI1 aSILVA, R. F. B. da  aSocioeconomic and environmental effects of soybean production in metacoupled systems.h[electronic resource]  c2021  aAbstract. Human-environment interactions within and across borders are now more influential than ever, posing unprecedented sustainability challenges. The framework of metacoupling (interactions within and across adjacent and distant coupled human-environment systems) provides a useful tool to evaluate them at diverse temporal and spatial scales. While most metacoupling studies have so far addressed the impacts of distant interactions (telecouplings), few have addressed the complementary and interdependent effects of the interactions within coupled systems (intracouplings) and between adjacent systems (pericouplings). Using the production and trade of a major commodity (soybean) as a demonstration, this paper empirically evaluates the complex effects on deforestation and economic growth across a globally important soybean producing region (Mato Grosso in Brazil). Although this region is influenced by a strong telecoupling process (i.e., soybean trade with national and international markets), intracouplings pose significant effects on deforestation and economic growth within focal municipalities. Furthermore, it generates pericoupling effects (e.g., deforestation) on adjacent municipalities, which precede economic benefits on adjacent systems, and may occur during and after the soybean production takes place. These results show that while economic benefits of the production of agricultural commodities for global markets tend to be localized, their environmental costs tend to be spatially widespread. As deforestation also occurred in adjacent areas beyond focal areas with economic development, this study has significant implications for sustainability in an increasingly metacoupled world.  aAgriculture  aDeforestation  aAgricultura  aCrescimento Econômico  aDesmatamento  aSoja  aMetacoupling framework  aModelo de desmatamento  aProdução de soja  aTelecoupling1 aVIÑA, A.1 aMORAN, E. F.1 aDOU, Y.1 aBATISTELLA, M.1 aLIU, J.  tScientific Reportsgv. 11, 18662, 2021.