02633naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400260006010000160008624501000010226000090020252018110021165000220202265000150204465000150205965000140207465000120208865000160210070000290211670000210214570000140216670000150218070000200219570000210221570000200223677300870225621310502022-02-17       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1002/aqc.35412DOI1 aMARIONI, B.  aScience and conservation of Amazonian crocodiliansba historical review.h[electronic resource]  c2021  a1. Crocodilians represent one of the oldest extant vertebrate lineages. They haveco-existed with humans throughout the Amazon basin for thousands of years,often having a strong cultural and economic influence on people's lives. Shifts inthe socio-economic and political reality of the Amazon basin during the last cen-tury have led crocodilian populations to face large variations in their numbersaccording to different levels of exploitation and strategies for their conservation.2. This article reviews the scientific knowledge obtained between 1945 and 2019on the biology, conservation and management for the four Amazonian crocodilian(caiman) species (Caiman crocodilus,Melanosuchus niger,Paleosuchus palpebrosusandPaleosuchus trigonatus). It provides a general overview on past and currentpopulation status and research efforts involving caimans in the Amazon basin anddiscusses perspectives for the future.3. The most significant studies on the ecology, genetics and management strategiesare examined in more detail and this information is contextualized to provide anoverview of the most relevant findings that might explain caiman populationtrends over the last 75 years. 4. Systems for sustainable management in the Amazon basin have been discussedfor the past 20 years, but remain rarely applicable. It is necessary to develop newways to maintain healthy caiman populations through innovative managementprogrammes. Sustainable harvesting of wildlife has been shown to promoteconservation targets, especially those initiatives based on community co-manage-ment. In this article, we propose some general guidelines for future managementschemes, in the expectation that the information provided by the scientificcommunity will be considered fully without political agendas determining thepriorities.  aCaiman crocodilus  aCrocodiles  aMonitoring  aCrocodilo  aJacaré  aPopulação1 aBARAO-NÓBREGA, J. A. L.1 aBOTERO-ARIAS, R.1 aMUNIZ, F.1 aCAMPOS, Z.1 aSILVEIRA, R. da1 aMAGNUSSON, W. E.1 aVILLAMARÍN, F.  tAquatic conservation: marine and freshwater ecosystemsgv. 31, p. 1056-1067, 2021.