02601naa a2200337 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400420006010000190010224501500012126000090027152015610028065000180184165000200185965300160187965300120189565300290190765300160193665300190195265300170197165300140198870000260200270000240202870000240205270000240207670000160210070000270211670000190214370000260216277300750218821291282021-03-22       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1002/etc.49382DOI1 aPEREIRA, I. B.  aThymol-loaded biogenic silica nanoparticles on aquatic environmentbthe impact of particle aggregation on the ecotoxicity.h[electronic resource]  c2021  aThymol (THY), a monoterpene phenol, is used as a natural biocide. To circumvent its chemical instability, we have proposed THY?loaded biogenic silica nanoparticle (BSiO2#THY); however, the toxicity of this system for aquatic organisms is unknown. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicogenetic effects induced by THY, BSiO2 nanoparticle (NP), and BSiO2#THY on Artemia salina and zebrafish (Danio rerio) early?life stages. We also investigated the impact of BSiO2 aggregation in the different exposure media (saline and freshwater). BSiO2#THY (LC50?48h = 1.06 mg/L) presented similar toxic potential as THY (LC50?48h = 1.03 mg/L) for A. salina, showing that BSiO2 had no influence on BSiO2#THY toxicity. As BSiO2 aggregated and sedimented faster in A. salina aqueous medium than in the other medium, this NP had lower interaction with this microcrustacean. Thus, BSiO2#THY toxicity for A. salina is probably due to the intrinsic toxicity of THY. For zebrafish early?life stages, BSiO2#THY (LC50?96h of 13.13 mg/L) was more toxic than free THY (LC50?96h of 25.60 mg/L); however, BSiO2 NP has no toxicity for zebrafish early?life stages. The lower aggregation of BSiO2 in the freshwater medium compared to the saline medium may have enhanced THY's availability for this aquatic organism. BSiO2#THY also significantly induced sublethal effects as THY, and both were genotoxic for zebrafish. In conclusion, although BSiO2#THY still needs improvements to ensure its safety for freshwater ecosystems, BSiO2 NP seems to be a safe nanocarrier for agriculture.  aNanoparticles  aArtêmia Salina  aAggregation  aBiocida  aBiocide delivery systems  aComet assay  aNanopartícula  aTeste cometa  aZebrafish1 aCARVALHO, E. H. de S.1 aRODRIGUES, L. de B.1 aRODRIGUES, L. de B.1 aMAGALHAES, W. L. E.1 aLEME, D. M.1 aKRAWCZYK-SANTOS, A. P.1 aTAVEIRA, S. F.1 aOLIVEIRA, G. A. R. de  tEnvironmental Toxicology and Chemistrygv. 40, n. 2, p. 333-341, 2021.