02412naa a2200229 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000290006024501170008926000090020652017640021565000090197965000100198865000220199865000140202065000140203465000240204865300150207270000170208770000260210477300520213021092972019-05-24       2004    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aOLIVEIRA FILHO, E. C. de  aComparative study on the susceptibility of freshwater species to copper-based pesticides.h[electronic resource]  c2004  aAbstract Copper compounds have been intentionally introduced into water bodies as aquatic plant herbicides, algicides and molluscicides. Copper-based fertilizers and fungicides have been widely used in agriculture as well. Despite the fact that copper is an essential element for all biota, elevated concentrations of this metal have been shown to affect a variety of aquatic organisms. Nonetheless, comparative studies on the susceptibility of different freshwater species to copper compounds have seldom been performed. This study was conducted to compare toxicity of copper-based pesticides (copper oxychloride, cuprous oxide and copper sulfate) to different freshwater target (Raphidocelis subcapitata, a planktonic alga and Biomphalaria glabrata, a snail) and non-target (Daphnia similis, a planktonic crustacean and Danio rerio, a fish) organisms. Test water parameters were as follows: pH=7.4 ± 0.1; hardness 44 ± 1 mg/l as CaCO3; DO 8?9 mg/l at the beginning and &gt4 mg/l at the end; temperature, fish and snails 25 ± 1 °C, Daphnia 20 ± 2 °C, algae 24 ± 1 °C. D. similis (immobilization), 48-h EC50s (95% CLs) ranging from 0.013 (0.011?0.016) to 0.043 (0.033?0.057) mg Cu/l, and R. subcapitata (growth inhibition), 96-h IC50s from 0.071 (0.045?0.099) to 0.137 (0.090?0.174) mg Cu/l, were the most susceptible species. B. glabrata (lethality), 48-h LC50s from 0.179 (0.102?0.270) to 0.854 (0.553?1.457) mg Cu/l, and D. rerio (lethality), 48-h LC50s 0.063 (0.045?0.089), 0.192 (0.133?0.272) and 0.714 (0.494?1.016) mg Cu/l, were less susceptible than Daphnia to copper-based pesticides. Findings from the present study therefore suggest that increased levels of copper in water bodies is likely to adversely affect a variety of aquatic species.  aAlga  aCobre  aEcologia Aquatica  aFungicida  aHerbicida  aPoluição da Água  aToxicidade1 aLOPES, R. M.1 aPAUMGARTTEN, F. J. R.  tChemospheregv. 56, n. 4, p. 369-374, July 2004