02340naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400270006010000170008724501520010426000090025652014580026565000210172365000120174465300130175665300150176965300310178465300230181570000170183870000180185570000210187370000220189470000180191670000260193470000130196077300770197321082992023-01-24       2019    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1002/jsfa.91622DOI1 aCUNHA, C. S.  aCompositional and structural dynamics of the ruminal microbiota in dairy heifers and its relationship to methane production.h[electronic resource]  c2019  aAbstract BACKGROUND: Heifers emit more enteric methane (CH4) than adult cows and these emissions tend to decrease per unit feed intake as they age. However, common mitigation strategies like expensive high-quality feeds are not economically feasible for these pre-production animals.Given its direct role in CH4 production, altering the rumenmicrobiota is another potential avenue for reducing CH4 production by ruminants. However, to identify effective microbial targets, a better understanding of the rumen microbiota and its relationship to CH4 production across heifer development is needed. RESULTS: Here, we investigate the relationship between rumen bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities as well as CH4 emissions and a number of production traits in prepubertal (PP), pubertal (PB), and pregnant heifers (PG). Overall, PG heifers emitted the most CH4, followed by PB and PP heifers. The bacterial genus Acetobacter and the archaeal genus Methanobrevibacter were positively associated, while Eubacterium and Methanosphaera were negatively associated with raw CH4 production by heifers. When corrected for dietary intake, both Eubacterium and Methanosphaera remained negatively associated with CH4 production. CONCLUSION:We suggest that Eubacterium and Methanosphaera represent likely targets for CH4 mitigation efforts in heifers as they were negatively associated with CH4 production and not significantly associated with production traits.  aGreenhouse gases  aMethane  a16S rRNA  aMicrobiota  aNext generation sequencing  aRumen microbiology1 aMARCONDES MI1 aVELOSO, C. M.1 aMANTOVANI, H. C.1 aPEREIRA, L. G. R.1 aTOMICH, T. R.1 aDILL-MCFARLAND, K. A.1 aSUEN, G.  tJournal of the Science of Food and Agriculturegn. 99, p. 210-218, 2019.