03719naa a2200625 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000180006024501210007826000090019952019140020865000350212265000130215765000110217065000120218165000190219365000180221265000250223065000330225565000220228865000220231065000290233265000360236165000310239765000090242865000140243765000130245165000190246465000450248365000280252865000290255665000240258565000170260965000180262665000220264465000140266665000140268065000230269465300280271765300190274565300230276465300180278765300240280565300260282965300350285570000190289070000130290970000170292270000200293970000170295970000170297670000170299370000200301077300630303021057982019-02-11       2018    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aGIL, J. D. B.  aTradeoffs in the quest for climate smart agricultural intensification in Mato Grosso, Brazil.h[electronic resource]  c2018  aLow productivity cattle ranching, with its linkages to rural poverty, deforestation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, remains one of the largest sustainability challenges in Brazil and has impacts worldwide. There is a nearly universal call to intensify extensive beef cattle production systems to spare land for crop production and nature and to meet Brazil's Intended Nationally Determined Contribution to reducing global climate change. However, different interventions aimed at the intensification of livestock systems in Brazil may involve substantial social and environmental tradeoffs. Here we examine these tradeoffs using a whole-farm model calibrated for the Brazilian agricultural frontier state of Mato Grosso, one of the largest soybean and beef cattle production regions in the world. Specifically, we compare the costs and benefits of a typical extensive, continuously grazed cattle system relative to a specialized soybean production system and two improved cattle management strategies (rotational grazing and integrated soybean-cattle) under different climate scenarios. We found clear tradeoffs in GHG and nitrogen emissions, climate resilience, and water and energy use across these systems. Relative to continuously grazed or rotationally grazed cattle systems, the integreated soybean-cattle system showed higher food production and lower GHG emissions per unit of human digestible protein, as well as increased resilience under climate change (both in terms of productivity and financial returns). All systems suffered productivity and profitability losses under severe climate change, highlighting the need for climate smart agricultural development strategies in the region. By underscoring the economic feasibility of improving the performance of cattle systems, and by quantifying the tradeoffs of each option, our results are useful for directing agricultural and climate policy.  aAgricultural management models  aAmazonia  aCattle  aClimate  aClimate models  aDeforestation  aEnvironmental impact  aEnvironmental sustainability  aExtensive farming  aGreenhouse effect  aGreenhouse gas emissions  aIntegrated agricultural systems  aIntegrated crop management  aLand  aLivestock  aPastures  aRisk reduction  aSustainable agricultural intensification  aSustainable agriculture  aAgricultura Sustentável  aCriação Extensiva  aDesmatamento  aEfeito Estufa  aImpacto Ambiental  aPecuária  aRedução  aSistema de Pastejo  aAgricultura sustentable  aDeforestación  aEfecto invernadero  aGanado bovino  aPecuária extensiva  aReducción de riesgos  aSistemas agrícolas integrados1 aGARRETT, R. D.1 aROTZ, A.1 aDAIOGLOU, V.1 aVALENTIM, J. F.1 aPIRES, G. F.1 aCOSTA, M. H.1 aLOPES, L. B.1 aREIS, J. C. dos  tEnvironmental Research Lettersgv. 13, n. 6, 064025, 2018.