03262nam a2200229 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000200006024501190008026001730019952024970037265000170286965000130288665000110289965000120291065000100292265000190293265300140295170000230296570000180298870000260300620662682020-10-04       2016    bl uuuu     u01u1 u    #d1 aGIUSTINA, C. D.  aSize of fruit trees in final implementation phase of silvopastoral system for dairy calves.h[electronic resource]  aIn: REUNIÃO ANUAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA, 53., 2016, Gramado. Produção animal para as novas gerações: anais. Gramado: SBZ, 2016. Não paginado.c2016  aThe tree growth rate in the implementation phase of silvopastoral system can determine a successful system. Thus, the fastest fruit tree species are more interesting because the animal input happens earlier. So, the knowledge about the size of fruit tree species after implementation period defines the suitable time to introduce animals into the system. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa, Sinop-MT, Brazil. The silvopastoral systems were implemented in October, 2013 and the evaluations were made in July, 2015, when the trees were 21 months old. A completely randomized block design was adopted, with two replications of area per treatment. The fruit tree species were cajá; red guava; cashew var. CCP76 and EMB51; acerola var. Roxinha and Sertaneja. The measurements were canopy height, trunk height and diameter using a 3-m graduated rule and digital caliper rule. The canopy height corresponded the distance from the base (soil level) to the top of canopy. The trunk height was the distance from the soil level to the base of the canopy and, finally, the trunk diameter was taken in the base close to soil level. The analysis of variance was performed using the PROC Mixed procedure. Means were compared using PDIFF at 5% probability. The software utilized for statistical analysis was SAS 9.2. The guava tree showed the greatest height (231 ± 14 cm) (P=0.0004), followed by cashew EMB51 (180 ± 14 cm), and other species had similar canopy height (154 ± 14 cm) in July 2015. Red guava tree also had a trunk taller, similar to cashews and cajá (48 ± 5 cm) (P=0.1464). However, the red guava tree showed an intermediate trunk diameter (53 ± 5 cm) when compared to cashew EMB51 and cajá tree (64 ± 5 mm) (P=0.0005). The acerola trees were similar to red guava tree, trunks thinner. Porfírio-da-Silva et al. (2012) showed that plants with a trunk diameter bellow 62 mm were more vulnerable to animal presence than trees thicker. Additionally, Zanotti et al. (2015) cited that the height withers in 3 months old dairy heifers were 1.023 m. So, in all of 21 months old fruit trees, dairy heifers would reach the canopy if they want. But, just cajá tree and cashew EMB51 could suffer fewer damages. The other species should grow more time to support the animal presence. A caveat must be considered is cajá tree lost its leaves in early part of dry season in the 2 years evaluated. So, the cajá without leaves in dry season could not offer shade for animals in this period.  aCashew fruit  aDiameter  aHeight  aAcerola  aCajá  aFruta tropical  aRed guava1 aMONTEIRO, R. A. C.1 aROMANO, M. R.1 aCARVALHO, C. A. B. de