02270nam a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000160006024501190007626000390019530000100023450000200024452015450026465000100180965000140181965000130183365000090184665300170185565300100187265300110188265300100189365300110190365300170191465300140193165300140194565300210195910103952011-02-03       1992    bl uuuu  m   00u1 u    #d1 aLIMA, J. S.  aDistribution and accumulation of copper as cupric fungicide residue in a cocoa Agrarian ecosystem in Bahia/Brazil.  aKassel: University of Kasselc1992  a210p.  aTese Doutorado.  aThe aim this work was to investigate the fate of copper which follows the use of cupric fungicides in the cocoa agrarian ecosystem in Southern Bahia/Brazil, and the effects of this element in the environment. Under conditions where copper is accumulated, or even when transformed into a form, which may enter living cells, copper may become toxic to most organisms, therefore the investigation has been concentrated on those compartments of the ecosystem where accumulation occurs, or where Cu is present in dissolved form. The research sites are located in southeast Bahia/Brazil, at the Atlantic Coast a latitude of 14o 30' n and 15o 00'S and a longitude from 39o 11' to 41o 30' WG. The climate is classified according to koppen as Af, warm and humid tropical forests,without dry season and a rainfall over 1,500 mm. The average annual temperature is 24o C (see chapter 4). In order to investigate the distribution and accumulation of Cu as cupric fungicide residue in cocoa plantations, three sites were chosen: area A represented a "natural" plantation without agrochemical applications, area B has been under cupric fungicide treatment for five years and area C has been under treatment for sixteen years with the same fungicide agent. The soils of the three areas were classified as Alfisol Tropudalf, considered to be equivalent to the Eutrophic Red-Yellow Podzolic (Terra Roxa Estruturada) in the Brazilian System. The vegetation was originally Semideciduos Tropical Forest. Area A has been used as a cocoa (Hheobroma cacau) plant..  aCobre  aFungicida  aResíduo  aSolo  aAccumulation  aBahia  aBrasil  aCocoa  aCooper  aDistribution  aEcosystem  aFungicide  aRegiao cacaueira