02532naa a2200217 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400350007410000210010924501570013026000090028752018290029665000170212570000170214270000190215970000280217870000160220670000260222277300660224820319472017-07-25       2015    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a1869-20447 a10.1007/s13213-015-1059-42DOI1 aMATSUMURA, E. E.  aComposition and activity of endophytic bacterial communities in field-grown maize plants inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense.h[electronic resource]  c2015  ahe application of agricultural practices in which non-leguminous plants are inoculated with growth-promoting diazotrophic bacteria is gaining importance worldwide. Nevertheless, an efficient strategy for using this inoculation technology is still lacking, and a better comprehension of the environmental factorsthat influence a plant?s ability to support its associative bacterial community isindispensable to achieving standardized inoculation responses. To address the effects of nitrogen (N)-fertilization on the diversity of both the total and metabolically active endophytic bacterial communities of field-grown maize plants, we extracted total DNA and RNA from maize plantsinoculated with Azospirillumbrasilense strain Ab-V5 that were growing in Oxisol and treated with regular and low levels of N-fertilizers(RN and LN, respectively). Four clon- al libraries were constructed and sequenced and the dominant populations analyzed. Partial description of the bacterial diver- sity indicated that plants receiving RN- and LN-treatments can maintain bacterial communities with similar diversity indexes for the total endophytic bacterial community, although the com- munities of Novosphingobium and Methylobacterium were un- evenly distributed. Fertilization management had a stronger effect on the dominant populations of the metabolically active bacterial community, and 16S rRNA gene libraries from RN plants suggested a lower diversity of such populations in com- parison with libraries from LN plants. The agronomic parameters obtained at the end of the crop season indicated that the inoculation treatment was efficient in promoting plant growth. However, the combination of regular treatments with Nfertilizers and plant inoculation did not have an additive effect and actually tended to decrease crop productivity.  aInoculação1 aSECCO, V. A.1 aMOREIRA, R. S.1 aSANTOS, O. J. A. P. dos1 aHUNGRIA, M.1 aOLIVEIRA, A. L. M. de  tAnnals of Microbiologygv. 65, n. 4, p. 2187-2200, Dec. 2015.