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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Solos. |
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Data corrente: |
27/01/2022 |
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Data da última atualização: |
11/03/2022 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
B - 4 |
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Autoria: |
KERN, J.; LIBRA, J.; AMMON, C.; NEUBAUER, Y.; TEIXEIRA, W. G. |
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Afiliação: |
JÜRGEN KERN, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy; JUDY LIBRA, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy; CHRISTIAN AMMON, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy; YORK NEUBAUER, TCKON Engineering Services; WENCESLAU GERALDES TEIXEIRA, CNPS. |
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Título: |
Short-term and long-term effects of natural and artificial carbonaceous substrates on greenhouse gas fluxes. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2022 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Journal of Renewable Materials, v. 10, n. 7, p. 1773-1786, 2022. |
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DOI: |
http://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.019608 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
The emissions of two greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), from six substrates with different carbonaceous content were compared in short and long-term incubation experiments. Three natural soils and three artificial chars were mixed with carbon (C) poor soil (Cambisol) to simulate real conditions after application of char to farmland. The natural soils were a Cambisol, an Anthrosol and a Histosol with C contents of 1.3%, 4.4% and 13.2%, respectively. The three chars produced through thermal conversion of wood chips by hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC), fluidized bed gasification and pyrolysis had C contents of 56.9%, 75.4% and 79.9%, respectively. Emission rates of CO2 and N2O from the rewetted substrates were measured by gas chromatography over a short time of 72 h and over a long period of nearly two years. The short-term CO2 emissions from the natural soils showed a clear relationship to their C content. The emission rate for the Histosol/Cambisol mixture was three times higher than that for the pure Cambisol, 77.1 vs. 23.5 mg CO2-C kg(-1) organic matter (OM) per hour. The C emission rates for the char/Cambisol mixtures were much lower, ranging between 3.0 and 9.1 mg CO2-C kg OM-1 h(-1), and did not correspond to their total C contents. Comparison between the two incubation lengths showed that the long-term CO2 emission rates were generally one order of magnitude lower than the short-term rates. The final emission rates for natural substrates over a period of two years were still twice those for artificial char substrates, between 2.2-3.5 mg CO2-C kg OM-1 h(-1), and 1.3-1.8 mg CO2-C kg OM-1 respectively. Although the contents of total nitrogen (N-tot) and extractable nitrogen (N-min) were con siderable in the chars under study, enhanced N2O release was not observed in the incubation experiments. Instead, N2O emission rates in the three mixtures of chars and Cambisol were lower by one to two orders of magnitude compared to the pure Cambisol in short-term incubations. Even long-term N(2)O( )emissions were 5 to 9 times lower. The highest degree of N2O reduction was found for the HTC char. Because of the high global warming potential of N2O, this positive effect of chars may play an important role in mitigating emissions of CO2 equivalents. Both CO2 and N2O must be taken into account when balancing GHG emitted after chars (biochar, gasifier char, HTC char) are applied to soil. MenosThe emissions of two greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), from six substrates with different carbonaceous content were compared in short and long-term incubation experiments. Three natural soils and three artificial chars were mixed with carbon (C) poor soil (Cambisol) to simulate real conditions after application of char to farmland. The natural soils were a Cambisol, an Anthrosol and a Histosol with C contents of 1.3%, 4.4% and 13.2%, respectively. The three chars produced through thermal conversion of wood chips by hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC), fluidized bed gasification and pyrolysis had C contents of 56.9%, 75.4% and 79.9%, respectively. Emission rates of CO2 and N2O from the rewetted substrates were measured by gas chromatography over a short time of 72 h and over a long period of nearly two years. The short-term CO2 emissions from the natural soils showed a clear relationship to their C content. The emission rate for the Histosol/Cambisol mixture was three times higher than that for the pure Cambisol, 77.1 vs. 23.5 mg CO2-C kg(-1) organic matter (OM) per hour. The C emission rates for the char/Cambisol mixtures were much lower, ranging between 3.0 and 9.1 mg CO2-C kg OM-1 h(-1), and did not correspond to their total C contents. Comparison between the two incubation lengths showed that the long-term CO2 emission rates were generally one order of magnitude lower than the short-term rates. The final emission rates for natural substrat... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Carbon stability; GHG; HTC char; Incubation experiment. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Biochar; Carbon; Greenhouse gases. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
P Recursos Naturais, Ciências Ambientais e da Terra |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/232341/1/Short-term-and-long-term-effects-of-natural-and-artificial-carbonaceous-substrates-2022.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 03234naa a2200265 a 4500
001 2139373
005 2022-03-11
008 2022 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttp://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.019608$2DOI
100 1 $aKERN, J.
245 $aShort-term and long-term effects of natural and artificial carbonaceous substrates on greenhouse gas fluxes.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2022
520 $aThe emissions of two greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), from six substrates with different carbonaceous content were compared in short and long-term incubation experiments. Three natural soils and three artificial chars were mixed with carbon (C) poor soil (Cambisol) to simulate real conditions after application of char to farmland. The natural soils were a Cambisol, an Anthrosol and a Histosol with C contents of 1.3%, 4.4% and 13.2%, respectively. The three chars produced through thermal conversion of wood chips by hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC), fluidized bed gasification and pyrolysis had C contents of 56.9%, 75.4% and 79.9%, respectively. Emission rates of CO2 and N2O from the rewetted substrates were measured by gas chromatography over a short time of 72 h and over a long period of nearly two years. The short-term CO2 emissions from the natural soils showed a clear relationship to their C content. The emission rate for the Histosol/Cambisol mixture was three times higher than that for the pure Cambisol, 77.1 vs. 23.5 mg CO2-C kg(-1) organic matter (OM) per hour. The C emission rates for the char/Cambisol mixtures were much lower, ranging between 3.0 and 9.1 mg CO2-C kg OM-1 h(-1), and did not correspond to their total C contents. Comparison between the two incubation lengths showed that the long-term CO2 emission rates were generally one order of magnitude lower than the short-term rates. The final emission rates for natural substrates over a period of two years were still twice those for artificial char substrates, between 2.2-3.5 mg CO2-C kg OM-1 h(-1), and 1.3-1.8 mg CO2-C kg OM-1 respectively. Although the contents of total nitrogen (N-tot) and extractable nitrogen (N-min) were con siderable in the chars under study, enhanced N2O release was not observed in the incubation experiments. Instead, N2O emission rates in the three mixtures of chars and Cambisol were lower by one to two orders of magnitude compared to the pure Cambisol in short-term incubations. Even long-term N(2)O( )emissions were 5 to 9 times lower. The highest degree of N2O reduction was found for the HTC char. Because of the high global warming potential of N2O, this positive effect of chars may play an important role in mitigating emissions of CO2 equivalents. Both CO2 and N2O must be taken into account when balancing GHG emitted after chars (biochar, gasifier char, HTC char) are applied to soil.
650 $aBiochar
650 $aCarbon
650 $aGreenhouse gases
653 $aCarbon stability
653 $aGHG
653 $aHTC char
653 $aIncubation experiment
700 1 $aLIBRA, J.
700 1 $aAMMON, C.
700 1 $aNEUBAUER, Y.
700 1 $aTEIXEIRA, W. G.
773 $tJournal of Renewable Materials$gv. 10, n. 7, p. 1773-1786, 2022.
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