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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Cerrados. |
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Data corrente: |
25/10/1999 |
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Data da última atualização: |
25/10/1999 |
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Autoria: |
SILVA, J. H. S. da. |
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Título: |
The effects of age of regrowth, day lengh and ambient air temperature on the growth and quality of three forage species. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1981 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Raleigh: North Carolina State University, 1981. |
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Páginas: |
197p. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Notas: |
Ph.D.Thesis. |
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Conteúdo: |
Coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers.), Pennisetum flacidum Griseb. and tall fescue ((Festuca arudinacea Schreeb.) were transplanted into 25,44 cm-diameter pots. After 3 weeks of regrowth under greenhouse conditions, all pots were clipped and placed in 8 chambers set at 9 or 12 hours of daylength and 18/14, 22/18, 26/22 or 30/26 oC of day/night temperature. There were two replications in tine and two successive harvests were made after either 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 or 6.a weeks of regrowth. At each harvest, yield per pot was determined and a set of 8 plants was selected from each pot for morphological and anatomical determinations in leaves and stems. In addition, a sample of forage from each pots was prepared for chemical analyses and in vitro digestibility measurements. The average dry matter (DM) yelds were 69.1, 39.8 and 27.1 g/pot for P. flaccidum, fescue and bermudagrass (P < 0.01). Yelds increased with increasing with increasing age of harvest in all three species (P < 0.01). At the same age (above 1.5 weeks) bermudagrass yields increased with increasing temperature, but the rates of increase were lower with 12 than with 9 hours of light. In fescue older than 3 weeks, DM yields were higher at 22/18 than at 18.14 oC but decreased with further increases in temperature. The ratio of stem weigth (including leaf sheaths) no leaf weigth was higher with increasing age in all species (P < 0.01). Fescue rad lower (P < 0.01) ratios (0.19) than P. flaccidum (0.82) andf bermudagrass (1.16). These rations increased with increasing temperature in bermudagrass at 4.5 weeks and in P. flaccidum up to that same age but were influenced by daylength. In fescue, the stem-to-leaf ratio decreased with increasing temperature at 3.0 or 4.5 weeks. Fescue differed from the warm-seasom grasses in the proportion of vascular tissue area (P < 0.01), which reflected the differing proportions of bundle sheath areas. In bermudagrass, P. flaccidum and fescue, respectively, the bundle sheaths accounded for an average of 27.9, 11.6 and 9.7 percent of the total leaf cross saction and 7.9, 8.9 and 19.0 percent of the total stem cross section. These proportions decreased with increasing age in leaves (all species) and increased with increasing temperature in stems of P. flaccidum. The variation in the proportion of the various tissues was accompanied by different rations of leaf thickness and interveinal distance to vascular bundle diameter. In terms of chemical composition, fescue had significantly lower proportions of cell wall constituents than the two wam-season grasses (P < 0.01). In fescue, levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) increased with maturity and with temperature up to 26/22oC. This was a reflection of increases in hemicellulose, cellulose and lignind. Coastal bermudagrass had higher levels of hemicellulose and acid-insoluble ash but lower levels of cellulose than P. flaccidum. These fractions increased with age and temperature in both species except that hemicellulose remained unchanged in bermudagrass and decreased in P. flaccidum. The average values df in vitro cell wall digestibity (IVCWD) were 69.5, 70.2 and 75.1 percent for bermudagrass, P. flaccidum and fescue, respectively. These values declined with temperature and and their interactive effect. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) generally followed the same trends as IVCWD. It is sugested that morphological and anatomical parameters evaluated in this studycan help explain certain genetic and enviromental effects on forage digestibility. MenosCoastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers.), Pennisetum flacidum Griseb. and tall fescue ((Festuca arudinacea Schreeb.) were transplanted into 25,44 cm-diameter pots. After 3 weeks of regrowth under greenhouse conditions, all pots were clipped and placed in 8 chambers set at 9 or 12 hours of daylength and 18/14, 22/18, 26/22 or 30/26 oC of day/night temperature. There were two replications in tine and two successive harvests were made after either 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 or 6.a weeks of regrowth. At each harvest, yield per pot was determined and a set of 8 plants was selected from each pot for morphological and anatomical determinations in leaves and stems. In addition, a sample of forage from each pots was prepared for chemical analyses and in vitro digestibility measurements. The average dry matter (DM) yelds were 69.1, 39.8 and 27.1 g/pot for P. flaccidum, fescue and bermudagrass (P < 0.01). Yelds increased with increasing with increasing age of harvest in all three species (P < 0.01). At the same age (above 1.5 weeks) bermudagrass yields increased with increasing temperature, but the rates of increase were lower with 12 than with 9 hours of light. In fescue older than 3 weeks, DM yields were higher at 22/18 than at 18.14 oC but decreased with further increases in temperature. The ratio of stem weigth (including leaf sheaths) no leaf weigth was higher with increasing age in all species (P < 0.01). Fescue rad lower (P < 0.01) ratios (0.19) than P. flaccidum (0.82) andf bermud... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Feed grasses; Foragem; Growth; Lawn grasses; Pennisetum flacidum. |
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Thesagro: |
Crescimento; Cynodon Dactylon; Festuca; Festuca Arundinacea; Grama Bermuda; Gramínea Forrageira; Idade; Temperatura. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
age; air temperature. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 04421nam a2200313 a 4500
001 1559282
005 1999-10-25
008 1981 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aSILVA, J. H. S. da
245 $aThe effects of age of regrowth, day lengh and ambient air temperature on the growth and quality of three forage species.
260 $aRaleigh: North Carolina State University$c1981
300 $a197p.
500 $aPh.D.Thesis.
520 $aCoastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers.), Pennisetum flacidum Griseb. and tall fescue ((Festuca arudinacea Schreeb.) were transplanted into 25,44 cm-diameter pots. After 3 weeks of regrowth under greenhouse conditions, all pots were clipped and placed in 8 chambers set at 9 or 12 hours of daylength and 18/14, 22/18, 26/22 or 30/26 oC of day/night temperature. There were two replications in tine and two successive harvests were made after either 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 or 6.a weeks of regrowth. At each harvest, yield per pot was determined and a set of 8 plants was selected from each pot for morphological and anatomical determinations in leaves and stems. In addition, a sample of forage from each pots was prepared for chemical analyses and in vitro digestibility measurements. The average dry matter (DM) yelds were 69.1, 39.8 and 27.1 g/pot for P. flaccidum, fescue and bermudagrass (P < 0.01). Yelds increased with increasing with increasing age of harvest in all three species (P < 0.01). At the same age (above 1.5 weeks) bermudagrass yields increased with increasing temperature, but the rates of increase were lower with 12 than with 9 hours of light. In fescue older than 3 weeks, DM yields were higher at 22/18 than at 18.14 oC but decreased with further increases in temperature. The ratio of stem weigth (including leaf sheaths) no leaf weigth was higher with increasing age in all species (P < 0.01). Fescue rad lower (P < 0.01) ratios (0.19) than P. flaccidum (0.82) andf bermudagrass (1.16). These rations increased with increasing temperature in bermudagrass at 4.5 weeks and in P. flaccidum up to that same age but were influenced by daylength. In fescue, the stem-to-leaf ratio decreased with increasing temperature at 3.0 or 4.5 weeks. Fescue differed from the warm-seasom grasses in the proportion of vascular tissue area (P < 0.01), which reflected the differing proportions of bundle sheath areas. In bermudagrass, P. flaccidum and fescue, respectively, the bundle sheaths accounded for an average of 27.9, 11.6 and 9.7 percent of the total leaf cross saction and 7.9, 8.9 and 19.0 percent of the total stem cross section. These proportions decreased with increasing age in leaves (all species) and increased with increasing temperature in stems of P. flaccidum. The variation in the proportion of the various tissues was accompanied by different rations of leaf thickness and interveinal distance to vascular bundle diameter. In terms of chemical composition, fescue had significantly lower proportions of cell wall constituents than the two wam-season grasses (P < 0.01). In fescue, levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) increased with maturity and with temperature up to 26/22oC. This was a reflection of increases in hemicellulose, cellulose and lignind. Coastal bermudagrass had higher levels of hemicellulose and acid-insoluble ash but lower levels of cellulose than P. flaccidum. These fractions increased with age and temperature in both species except that hemicellulose remained unchanged in bermudagrass and decreased in P. flaccidum. The average values df in vitro cell wall digestibity (IVCWD) were 69.5, 70.2 and 75.1 percent for bermudagrass, P. flaccidum and fescue, respectively. These values declined with temperature and and their interactive effect. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) generally followed the same trends as IVCWD. It is sugested that morphological and anatomical parameters evaluated in this studycan help explain certain genetic and enviromental effects on forage digestibility.
650 $aage
650 $aair temperature
650 $aCrescimento
650 $aCynodon Dactylon
650 $aFestuca
650 $aFestuca Arundinacea
650 $aGrama Bermuda
650 $aGramínea Forrageira
650 $aIdade
650 $aTemperatura
653 $aFeed grasses
653 $aForagem
653 $aGrowth
653 $aLawn grasses
653 $aPennisetum flacidum
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Embrapa Cerrados (CPAC) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Soja. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com valeria.cardoso@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Soja. |
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Data corrente: |
30/08/1999 |
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Data da última atualização: |
05/07/2006 |
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Autoria: |
ARIAS, C. A. A.; BROGIN, R. L.; TOLEDO, J. F. F.; YORINORI, J. T.; OLIVEIRA, M. F. |
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Título: |
Caracterizacao da reacao de genotipos de soja a mancha parda em casa-de-vegetacao. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1999 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE SOJA, 1999, Londrina. Anais... Londrina: Embrapa Soja, 1999. |
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Páginas: |
p.469. |
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Série: |
(Embrapa Soja. Documentos, 124). |
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Idioma: |
Português |
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Conteúdo: |
A mancha parda (Septoria glycines Hemmi), uma das principais doencas do complexo "doencas de final de ciclo" da soja, tem provocado danos severos em lavouras comerciais de diversas regioes brasileiras. Existe variabilidade genetica para ser explorada no desenvolvimento de variedades resistentes, no entanto, a resistencia parcial e o controle genetico complexo dificultam a avaliacao dos genotipos em condicoes de campo. Com isso, objetivou-se, neste trabalho, o desenvolvimento de novas tecnicas de avaliacao, que possam ser ultilizadas em casa-de-vegetacao. Para determinar a reacao de genotipos de soja a mancha parda e obter informacoes adicionais sobre a metodologia de avaliacao, dez plantas de cada uma das cultivares EMGOPA-315 (Rio Vermelho), Embrapa 63 (Mirador) e da linhagem BR92-1262, 20 plantas das variedades IAS 5 e Davis e 500 plantas F2 derivadas do cruzamento Davis x IAS 5 foram semeadas em casa de vegetacao, sob um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Cerca de 500 ml de uma suspensao com 6 x 10 esporos/ml foi pulverizada sobre cada mesa contendo 34 vasos. As folhas foram mantidas umidas por nebulizacao durante tres dias e avaliacoes periodicas foram realizadas a partir do 14º dia apos a inoculacao, utilizando-se uma escala de notas para o nivel de infeccao nas folhas (NI). Em todas as cultivares IAS 5 e Embrapa 63 e a linhagem BR92-1262 apresentaram as menores medias para NI. Em todas as avaliacoes, houve predominio de efeitos genicos aditivos, detectados nas analises de media e de variancia, com herbalidade variando de 40% a 58%, indicando que e possivel obter respostas a selecao para resistencia a mancha parda por este novo metodo de avaliacao. MenosA mancha parda (Septoria glycines Hemmi), uma das principais doencas do complexo "doencas de final de ciclo" da soja, tem provocado danos severos em lavouras comerciais de diversas regioes brasileiras. Existe variabilidade genetica para ser explorada no desenvolvimento de variedades resistentes, no entanto, a resistencia parcial e o controle genetico complexo dificultam a avaliacao dos genotipos em condicoes de campo. Com isso, objetivou-se, neste trabalho, o desenvolvimento de novas tecnicas de avaliacao, que possam ser ultilizadas em casa-de-vegetacao. Para determinar a reacao de genotipos de soja a mancha parda e obter informacoes adicionais sobre a metodologia de avaliacao, dez plantas de cada uma das cultivares EMGOPA-315 (Rio Vermelho), Embrapa 63 (Mirador) e da linhagem BR92-1262, 20 plantas das variedades IAS 5 e Davis e 500 plantas F2 derivadas do cruzamento Davis x IAS 5 foram semeadas em casa de vegetacao, sob um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Cerca de 500 ml de uma suspensao com 6 x 10 esporos/ml foi pulverizada sobre cada mesa contendo 34 vasos. As folhas foram mantidas umidas por nebulizacao durante tres dias e avaliacoes periodicas foram realizadas a partir do 14º dia apos a inoculacao, utilizando-se uma escala de notas para o nivel de infeccao nas folhas (NI). Em todas as cultivares IAS 5 e Embrapa 63 e a linhagem BR92-1262 apresentaram as menores medias para NI. Em todas as avaliacoes, houve predominio de efeitos genicos aditivos, detectados nas anal... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Damage; Danos; Disease; glycines; Soybean. |
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Thesagro: |
Doença; Soja. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Septoria. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02469naa a2200289 a 4500
001 1460859
005 2006-07-05
008 1999 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aARIAS, C. A. A.
245 $aCaracterizacao da reacao de genotipos de soja a mancha parda em casa-de-vegetacao.
260 $c1999
300 $ap.469.
490 $a(Embrapa Soja. Documentos, 124).
520 $aA mancha parda (Septoria glycines Hemmi), uma das principais doencas do complexo "doencas de final de ciclo" da soja, tem provocado danos severos em lavouras comerciais de diversas regioes brasileiras. Existe variabilidade genetica para ser explorada no desenvolvimento de variedades resistentes, no entanto, a resistencia parcial e o controle genetico complexo dificultam a avaliacao dos genotipos em condicoes de campo. Com isso, objetivou-se, neste trabalho, o desenvolvimento de novas tecnicas de avaliacao, que possam ser ultilizadas em casa-de-vegetacao. Para determinar a reacao de genotipos de soja a mancha parda e obter informacoes adicionais sobre a metodologia de avaliacao, dez plantas de cada uma das cultivares EMGOPA-315 (Rio Vermelho), Embrapa 63 (Mirador) e da linhagem BR92-1262, 20 plantas das variedades IAS 5 e Davis e 500 plantas F2 derivadas do cruzamento Davis x IAS 5 foram semeadas em casa de vegetacao, sob um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Cerca de 500 ml de uma suspensao com 6 x 10 esporos/ml foi pulverizada sobre cada mesa contendo 34 vasos. As folhas foram mantidas umidas por nebulizacao durante tres dias e avaliacoes periodicas foram realizadas a partir do 14º dia apos a inoculacao, utilizando-se uma escala de notas para o nivel de infeccao nas folhas (NI). Em todas as cultivares IAS 5 e Embrapa 63 e a linhagem BR92-1262 apresentaram as menores medias para NI. Em todas as avaliacoes, houve predominio de efeitos genicos aditivos, detectados nas analises de media e de variancia, com herbalidade variando de 40% a 58%, indicando que e possivel obter respostas a selecao para resistencia a mancha parda por este novo metodo de avaliacao.
650 $aSeptoria
650 $aDoença
650 $aSoja
653 $aDamage
653 $aDanos
653 $aDisease
653 $aglycines
653 $aSoybean
700 1 $aBROGIN, R. L.
700 1 $aTOLEDO, J. F. F.
700 1 $aYORINORI, J. T.
700 1 $aOLIVEIRA, M. F.
773 $tIn: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE SOJA, 1999, Londrina. Anais... Londrina: Embrapa Soja, 1999.
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