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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura. |
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Data corrente: |
06/04/2004 |
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Data da última atualização: |
06/04/2004 |
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Autoria: |
ELIAS, M.; PANAUD, O.; MCKEY, D. B.; ROBERT, T. |
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Título: |
Traditional cultivation of cassava among amerindians: consequences on genetic diversity assessed with AFLP markers. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1998 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Revista Brasileira de Mandioca, Cruz das Almas, v. 17, p.16, nov., 1998. Suplemento. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Abstract: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is the most important crop cultivated by Amerindians in the Amazon. While cassava landraces have been the focus of genetic diversity, only a few preliminary studies have attempted to relate the observed patterns to traditional cultivation practices. Our goal is to carry out both genetic and ethnological approaches in a system of traditional cassava farming. Our study was based in Rewa, a Makushi community in Guyana (South America), where observations, participation in farming, and enquiries have been conducted. The local classification mentioned 76 names of cassava landraces. In order to study the relationships between the structure of molecular diversity in landraces and the local classification, we have assessed the genetic diversity of a sample of 30 landraces, using 5 accessions per landrace, with AFLP markers. 25 accessions representing a world collection were also included. Using 2 primers, we obtained 102 AFLP bands, of which 82 were polymorphic. We detected 74 different genotypes among the landraces. Given the vegetative multiplication of cassava, landraces would be expected to be clonal. However, only 11 were. Among the 19 polymorphic landraces, 13 were 'homogenous', i.e., the 5 individuals clustered together in an UPGMA dendrogram based on a Nei and Li distance matrix. The other 6 polymorphic landraces had individuals dispersed in the dendrogram. The landraces include genetic diversity not represented in the world collection. Mechanisms that could explain the high level of polymorphism, including use of volunteer seedlings and exchanges of cuttings, are discussed. MenosAbstract: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is the most important crop cultivated by Amerindians in the Amazon. While cassava landraces have been the focus of genetic diversity, only a few preliminary studies have attempted to relate the observed patterns to traditional cultivation practices. Our goal is to carry out both genetic and ethnological approaches in a system of traditional cassava farming. Our study was based in Rewa, a Makushi community in Guyana (South America), where observations, participation in farming, and enquiries have been conducted. The local classification mentioned 76 names of cassava landraces. In order to study the relationships between the structure of molecular diversity in landraces and the local classification, we have assessed the genetic diversity of a sample of 30 landraces, using 5 accessions per landrace, with AFLP markers. 25 accessions representing a world collection were also included. Using 2 primers, we obtained 102 AFLP bands, of which 82 were polymorphic. We detected 74 different genotypes among the landraces. Given the vegetative multiplication of cassava, landraces would be expected to be clonal. However, only 11 were. Among the 19 polymorphic landraces, 13 were 'homogenous', i.e., the 5 individuals clustered together in an UPGMA dendrogram based on a Nei and Li distance matrix. The other 6 polymorphic landraces had individuals dispersed in the dendrogram. The landraces include genetic diversity not represented in the world collection. M... Mostrar Tudo |
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Categoria do assunto: |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02140naa a2200157 a 4500
001 1651853
005 2004-04-06
008 1998 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aELIAS, M.
245 $aTraditional cultivation of cassava among amerindians$bconsequences on genetic diversity assessed with AFLP markers.
260 $c1998
520 $aAbstract: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is the most important crop cultivated by Amerindians in the Amazon. While cassava landraces have been the focus of genetic diversity, only a few preliminary studies have attempted to relate the observed patterns to traditional cultivation practices. Our goal is to carry out both genetic and ethnological approaches in a system of traditional cassava farming. Our study was based in Rewa, a Makushi community in Guyana (South America), where observations, participation in farming, and enquiries have been conducted. The local classification mentioned 76 names of cassava landraces. In order to study the relationships between the structure of molecular diversity in landraces and the local classification, we have assessed the genetic diversity of a sample of 30 landraces, using 5 accessions per landrace, with AFLP markers. 25 accessions representing a world collection were also included. Using 2 primers, we obtained 102 AFLP bands, of which 82 were polymorphic. We detected 74 different genotypes among the landraces. Given the vegetative multiplication of cassava, landraces would be expected to be clonal. However, only 11 were. Among the 19 polymorphic landraces, 13 were 'homogenous', i.e., the 5 individuals clustered together in an UPGMA dendrogram based on a Nei and Li distance matrix. The other 6 polymorphic landraces had individuals dispersed in the dendrogram. The landraces include genetic diversity not represented in the world collection. Mechanisms that could explain the high level of polymorphism, including use of volunteer seedlings and exchanges of cuttings, are discussed.
700 1 $aPANAUD, O.
700 1 $aMCKEY, D. B.
700 1 $aROBERT, T.
773 $tRevista Brasileira de Mandioca, Cruz das Almas$gv. 17, p.16, nov., 1998. Suplemento.
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Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura (CNPMF) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpaf.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura. |
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Data corrente: |
07/03/2012 |
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Data da última atualização: |
08/01/2013 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
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Autoria: |
SILVA, E. L. da; PISCOR, D.; PONZETO, J. M.; CENTOFANTE, L.; ALVES, A. L.; PARISE-MALTEMPI, P. P. |
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Afiliação: |
E. LOURENÇO DA SILVA, UNESP; D. PISCOR, UNESP; J. M. PONZETO, UNESP; L. CENTOFANTE, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO; ANDERSON LUIS ALVES, CNPASA; P. P. PARISE-MALTEMPI, UNESP. |
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Título: |
Cytogenetic characterisation of the ornamental freshwater fish, Piabucus melanostomus (Iguanodectinae) from Brazilian wetlands and its relation with species of Characidae basal group. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2012 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, London, v. 22, n. 2, p. 477-484, 2012. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
The genus Piabucus is the only member of the subfamily Iguanodectinae found in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso State, where it is represented by Piabucus melanostomus. P. melanostomus from the Paraguay and Bento Gomes Rivers of the Pantanal wetlands were analysed using conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques to cytogenetically characterise the species and broaden the knowledge of the subfamily. The results indicated no sex-related heteromorphisms. The diploid number for the species was 2n = 50 chromosomes, which were divided into six metacentric, eight submetacentric, 24 subtelocentric, and 12 acrocentric with a fundamental number (FN) of 88. Heterochromatin was visualised using the C-banding technique, which showed that it was mainly distributed in the centromeric and pericentromeric region of most chromosomes, but larger blocks were observed on the long arms of large subtelocentric chromosomes (8, 9, 10, 13, and 20 pairs). Nucleolar organising regions (Ag-NOR) were observed in the p-subterminal region of one subtelocentric chromosome pair (9) with a remarkable size polymorphism between homologues in individuals from the Paraguay River, which was confirmed using the FISH technique with 18S rDNA. In this population, in all individuals studied, one of the homologous shows block considerably larger. The karyotype was compared with those of other subfamilies considered basal in Characidae, according to morphological data. |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Karyotypic evolution; Piabucus melanostomus. |
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Thesagro: |
Peixe; Peixe ornamental. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Chromosomes; Freshwater; Ornamental fish. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
L Ciência Animal e Produtos de Origem Animal |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02331naa a2200265 a 4500
001 1917802
005 2013-01-08
008 2012 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aSILVA, E. L. da
245 $aCytogenetic characterisation of the ornamental freshwater fish, Piabucus melanostomus (Iguanodectinae) from Brazilian wetlands and its relation with species of Characidae basal group.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2012
520 $aThe genus Piabucus is the only member of the subfamily Iguanodectinae found in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso State, where it is represented by Piabucus melanostomus. P. melanostomus from the Paraguay and Bento Gomes Rivers of the Pantanal wetlands were analysed using conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques to cytogenetically characterise the species and broaden the knowledge of the subfamily. The results indicated no sex-related heteromorphisms. The diploid number for the species was 2n = 50 chromosomes, which were divided into six metacentric, eight submetacentric, 24 subtelocentric, and 12 acrocentric with a fundamental number (FN) of 88. Heterochromatin was visualised using the C-banding technique, which showed that it was mainly distributed in the centromeric and pericentromeric region of most chromosomes, but larger blocks were observed on the long arms of large subtelocentric chromosomes (8, 9, 10, 13, and 20 pairs). Nucleolar organising regions (Ag-NOR) were observed in the p-subterminal region of one subtelocentric chromosome pair (9) with a remarkable size polymorphism between homologues in individuals from the Paraguay River, which was confirmed using the FISH technique with 18S rDNA. In this population, in all individuals studied, one of the homologous shows block considerably larger. The karyotype was compared with those of other subfamilies considered basal in Characidae, according to morphological data.
650 $aChromosomes
650 $aFreshwater
650 $aOrnamental fish
650 $aPeixe
650 $aPeixe ornamental
653 $aKaryotypic evolution
653 $aPiabucus melanostomus
700 1 $aPISCOR, D.
700 1 $aPONZETO, J. M.
700 1 $aCENTOFANTE, L.
700 1 $aALVES, A. L.
700 1 $aPARISE-MALTEMPI, P. P.
773 $tReviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, London$gv. 22, n. 2, p. 477-484, 2012.
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