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Registro Completo |
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
Data corrente: |
01/12/2023 |
Data da última atualização: |
01/12/2023 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
Autoria: |
MORAES, L. G.; LIMA, M. D. R.; ASSIS-PEREIRA, G.; GONÇALVES, D. de A.; VIDAURRE, G. B.; BUFALINO, L.; GUEDES, F. T. P.; TOMAZELLO-FILHO, M.; PROTÁSIO, T. de P. |
Afiliação: |
LARISSA GONÇALVES MORAES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA; MICHAEL DOUGLAS ROQUE LIMA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA; GABRIEL ASSIS-PEREIRA, UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO; DELMAN DE ALMEIDA GONCALVES, CPATU; GRAZIELA BAPTISTA VIDAURRE, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO; LINA BUFALINO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA; FERNANDA TRISLTZ PERASSOLO GUEDES, UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO; MÁRIO TOMAZELLO-FILHO, UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO; THIAGO DE PAULA PROTÁSIO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA. |
Título: |
Forking and planting spacing impacts on wood density, X‑ray density, and heartwood proportion of Tachigali vulgaris. |
Ano de publicação: |
2023 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
Trees, v. 37, p. 1567-1581, 2023. |
DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-023-02443-z |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
Promising Amazonia species for forest energy crops require further investigation into how silviculture affects wood quality. This study sought to investigate how planting spacing and stem type (forked and non-forked) affect the basic wood density, X-ray density, and heartwood development of Tachigali vulgaris in a homogeneous plantation in Amazonia. The experiment was established with initial planting spacings of 3.0 × 1.5 m, 3.0 × 2.0 m, 3.0 × 2.5 m, 3.0 × 3.0 m, 3.0 × 3.5 m, and 3.0 × 4.0 m. 102-month-old trees were harvested for the work. Disks sampled along the stem height were tested for wood basic density and density measured by X-ray densitometry (air-dry density by growth ring) analyses. Disks obtained at the 1.3 m height were photographed and submitted to image manipulation for heartwood/sapwood analysis. The lowest average wood density was 0.512 g cm−3 in the 3.0 × 1.5 m spacing, and the highest was 0.538 g cm−3 in the 3.0 × 4.0 m spacing. Among non-forked trees, 66% had medium-density (≥ 0.500 g cm−3) and 34% low-density (< 0.500 g cm−3) wood. In contrast, forked trees had only 55% of trees with medium-density wood. The X-ray density profiles reduced from 0.713 to 0.582 g cm−3 in the increasing longitudinal direction and from 0.393 to 0.973 g cm−3 in the radial direction. Forking did not influence the heartwood proportion (60.03–61.54%). The 3.0 × 3.0 m spacing favored the wood quality concerning density class and variability, while the widest spacings improved heartwood formation. The forking increases the chances of low-density wood and its variations along the stem. Thus, future genetic studies should focus on this phenomenon to increase the productivity of Tachigali vulgaris energy forests. MenosPromising Amazonia species for forest energy crops require further investigation into how silviculture affects wood quality. This study sought to investigate how planting spacing and stem type (forked and non-forked) affect the basic wood density, X-ray density, and heartwood development of Tachigali vulgaris in a homogeneous plantation in Amazonia. The experiment was established with initial planting spacings of 3.0 × 1.5 m, 3.0 × 2.0 m, 3.0 × 2.5 m, 3.0 × 3.0 m, 3.0 × 3.5 m, and 3.0 × 4.0 m. 102-month-old trees were harvested for the work. Disks sampled along the stem height were tested for wood basic density and density measured by X-ray densitometry (air-dry density by growth ring) analyses. Disks obtained at the 1.3 m height were photographed and submitted to image manipulation for heartwood/sapwood analysis. The lowest average wood density was 0.512 g cm−3 in the 3.0 × 1.5 m spacing, and the highest was 0.538 g cm−3 in the 3.0 × 4.0 m spacing. Among non-forked trees, 66% had medium-density (≥ 0.500 g cm−3) and 34% low-density (< 0.500 g cm−3) wood. In contrast, forked trees had only 55% of trees with medium-density wood. The X-ray density profiles reduced from 0.713 to 0.582 g cm−3 in the increasing longitudinal direction and from 0.393 to 0.973 g cm−3 in the radial direction. Forking did not influence the heartwood proportion (60.03–61.54%). The 3.0 × 3.0 m spacing favored the wood quality concerning density class and variability, while the widest spacings improved he... Mostrar Tudo |
Palavras-Chave: |
Energy forests; Tachigali vulgaris. |
Thesagro: |
Floresta; Madeira; Silvicultura. |
Thesaurus Nal: |
Silviculture; Wood quality. |
Categoria do assunto: |
K Ciência Florestal e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
Marc: |
LEADER 02733naa a2200313 a 4500 001 2159006 005 2023-12-01 008 2023 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 024 7 $ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-023-02443-z$2DOI 100 1 $aMORAES, L. G. 245 $aForking and planting spacing impacts on wood density, X‑ray density, and heartwood proportion of Tachigali vulgaris.$h[electronic resource] 260 $c2023 520 $aPromising Amazonia species for forest energy crops require further investigation into how silviculture affects wood quality. This study sought to investigate how planting spacing and stem type (forked and non-forked) affect the basic wood density, X-ray density, and heartwood development of Tachigali vulgaris in a homogeneous plantation in Amazonia. The experiment was established with initial planting spacings of 3.0 × 1.5 m, 3.0 × 2.0 m, 3.0 × 2.5 m, 3.0 × 3.0 m, 3.0 × 3.5 m, and 3.0 × 4.0 m. 102-month-old trees were harvested for the work. Disks sampled along the stem height were tested for wood basic density and density measured by X-ray densitometry (air-dry density by growth ring) analyses. Disks obtained at the 1.3 m height were photographed and submitted to image manipulation for heartwood/sapwood analysis. The lowest average wood density was 0.512 g cm−3 in the 3.0 × 1.5 m spacing, and the highest was 0.538 g cm−3 in the 3.0 × 4.0 m spacing. Among non-forked trees, 66% had medium-density (≥ 0.500 g cm−3) and 34% low-density (< 0.500 g cm−3) wood. In contrast, forked trees had only 55% of trees with medium-density wood. The X-ray density profiles reduced from 0.713 to 0.582 g cm−3 in the increasing longitudinal direction and from 0.393 to 0.973 g cm−3 in the radial direction. Forking did not influence the heartwood proportion (60.03–61.54%). The 3.0 × 3.0 m spacing favored the wood quality concerning density class and variability, while the widest spacings improved heartwood formation. The forking increases the chances of low-density wood and its variations along the stem. Thus, future genetic studies should focus on this phenomenon to increase the productivity of Tachigali vulgaris energy forests. 650 $aSilviculture 650 $aWood quality 650 $aFloresta 650 $aMadeira 650 $aSilvicultura 653 $aEnergy forests 653 $aTachigali vulgaris 700 1 $aLIMA, M. D. R. 700 1 $aASSIS-PEREIRA, G. 700 1 $aGONÇALVES, D. de A. 700 1 $aVIDAURRE, G. B. 700 1 $aBUFALINO, L. 700 1 $aGUEDES, F. T. P. 700 1 $aTOMAZELLO-FILHO, M. 700 1 $aPROTÁSIO, T. de P. 773 $tTrees$gv. 37, p. 1567-1581, 2023.
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| Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cpatu.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
Data corrente: |
02/01/2017 |
Data da última atualização: |
20/05/2022 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
Autoria: |
AVILA, A. L. de; SCHWARTZ, G.; RUSCHEL, A. R.; LOPES, J. do C.; SILVA, J. N. M.; CARVALHO, J. O. P. de; DORMANN, C. F.; MAZZEI, L.; SOARES, M. H. M.; BAUHUS, J. |
Afiliação: |
Angela Luciana de Avila, University of Freiburg; GUSTAVO SCHWARTZ, CPATU; ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU; JOSE DO CARMO ALVES LOPES, CPATU; José Natalino Macedo Silva, UFRA; João Olegário Pereira de Carvalho, UFRA; Carsten F. Dormann, University of Freiburg; LUCAS JOSE MAZZEI DE FREITAS, CPATU; MARCIO HOFMANN MOTA SOARES, CPATU; Jürgen Bauhus, University of Freiburg. |
Título: |
Recruitment, growth and recovery of commercial tree species over 30 years following logging and thinning in a tropical rain forest. |
Ano de publicação: |
2017 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
Forest Ecology and Management, v. 385, p. 225-235, Feb. 2017. |
DOI: |
http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.11.039 |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
Sustainable production of timber from commercial species across felling cycles is a core challenge for tropical silviculture. In this study, we analysed how the intensity and type (harvesting and thinning) of silvicultural interventions affect: (a) recruitment of small stems (5 cm 6 DBH < 15 cm), (b) increment of future crop trees (15 cm 6 DBH < 50 cm) and (c) recovery of harvestable growing stocks (DBHP50 cm) of 52 commercial timber species in the Tapajós National Forest, Brazil. Intervention intensities comprised logging (on average 61 m3 ha1) and associated damage to remaining trees (1982) and thinning (refinement) to reduce basal area at the stand level (1993/1994). These interventions together resulted in a gradient of reduction in basal-area from 19 to 53% relative to pre-logging stocks. Trees (DBHP5 cm) were measured on eight occasions in 41 permanent sample plots of 0.25 ha each. The dynamics were analysed at the stand level over 30 years and compared among treatments (including unlogged forest) and to pre-logging stands. Recruitment and growth temporarily increased following interventions and recovery of harvestable growing stock decreased with intervention intensity. Harvesting substantially increased recruitment of small stems relative to the unlogged forest, but recruitment rates decreased over time and did not increase following thinning. Gross increment of future crop trees was higher in logged than in unlogged forest and increased over time with high intensity of followup thinning, where it remained significantly higher than in control plots over time. Increased recruitment rates and volume increments were mainly driven by long-lived pioneer species, changing the composition of the growing stock. In 2012, recovery of harvestable growing stock of the 22 species harvested in 1982 varied between 19% and 57% in logged treatments relative to pre-logging levels. When considering an additional group of 30 species that were not harvested in the permanent sample plots but are now potentially commercial, relative recovery increased enough to support a second harvest under the present regulations (maximum harvest of 30 m3 ha1), except for treatment with high thinning intensity where stocks were still less than 30% relative to pre-harvest levels. In contrast, light and medium thinning intensity promoted recovery of harvestable growing stock. These findings indicate that intensive thinning should be avoided and silvicultural interventions oriented towards future crop trees of target species should be adopted. This may enhance recovery and reduce unintended changes in composition of the commercial growing stock. MenosSustainable production of timber from commercial species across felling cycles is a core challenge for tropical silviculture. In this study, we analysed how the intensity and type (harvesting and thinning) of silvicultural interventions affect: (a) recruitment of small stems (5 cm 6 DBH < 15 cm), (b) increment of future crop trees (15 cm 6 DBH < 50 cm) and (c) recovery of harvestable growing stocks (DBHP50 cm) of 52 commercial timber species in the Tapajós National Forest, Brazil. Intervention intensities comprised logging (on average 61 m3 ha1) and associated damage to remaining trees (1982) and thinning (refinement) to reduce basal area at the stand level (1993/1994). These interventions together resulted in a gradient of reduction in basal-area from 19 to 53% relative to pre-logging stocks. Trees (DBHP5 cm) were measured on eight occasions in 41 permanent sample plots of 0.25 ha each. The dynamics were analysed at the stand level over 30 years and compared among treatments (including unlogged forest) and to pre-logging stands. Recruitment and growth temporarily increased following interventions and recovery of harvestable growing stock decreased with intervention intensity. Harvesting substantially increased recruitment of small stems relative to the unlogged forest, but recruitment rates decreased over time and did not increase following thinning. Gross increment of future crop trees was higher in logged than in unlogged forest and increased over time with high intensity... Mostrar Tudo |
Palavras-Chave: |
Exploração madeireira; Recuperação; Sistema silvicultural policíclico. |
Thesagro: |
Floresta Tropical. |
Thesaurus NAL: |
Amazonia. |
Categoria do assunto: |
K Ciência Florestal e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
Marc: |
LEADER 03635naa a2200301 a 4500 001 2059750 005 2022-05-20 008 2017 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 024 7 $ahttp:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.11.039$2DOI 100 1 $aAVILA, A. L. de 245 $aRecruitment, growth and recovery of commercial tree species over 30 years following logging and thinning in a tropical rain forest.$h[electronic resource] 260 $c2017 520 $aSustainable production of timber from commercial species across felling cycles is a core challenge for tropical silviculture. In this study, we analysed how the intensity and type (harvesting and thinning) of silvicultural interventions affect: (a) recruitment of small stems (5 cm 6 DBH < 15 cm), (b) increment of future crop trees (15 cm 6 DBH < 50 cm) and (c) recovery of harvestable growing stocks (DBHP50 cm) of 52 commercial timber species in the Tapajós National Forest, Brazil. Intervention intensities comprised logging (on average 61 m3 ha1) and associated damage to remaining trees (1982) and thinning (refinement) to reduce basal area at the stand level (1993/1994). These interventions together resulted in a gradient of reduction in basal-area from 19 to 53% relative to pre-logging stocks. Trees (DBHP5 cm) were measured on eight occasions in 41 permanent sample plots of 0.25 ha each. The dynamics were analysed at the stand level over 30 years and compared among treatments (including unlogged forest) and to pre-logging stands. Recruitment and growth temporarily increased following interventions and recovery of harvestable growing stock decreased with intervention intensity. Harvesting substantially increased recruitment of small stems relative to the unlogged forest, but recruitment rates decreased over time and did not increase following thinning. Gross increment of future crop trees was higher in logged than in unlogged forest and increased over time with high intensity of followup thinning, where it remained significantly higher than in control plots over time. Increased recruitment rates and volume increments were mainly driven by long-lived pioneer species, changing the composition of the growing stock. In 2012, recovery of harvestable growing stock of the 22 species harvested in 1982 varied between 19% and 57% in logged treatments relative to pre-logging levels. When considering an additional group of 30 species that were not harvested in the permanent sample plots but are now potentially commercial, relative recovery increased enough to support a second harvest under the present regulations (maximum harvest of 30 m3 ha1), except for treatment with high thinning intensity where stocks were still less than 30% relative to pre-harvest levels. In contrast, light and medium thinning intensity promoted recovery of harvestable growing stock. These findings indicate that intensive thinning should be avoided and silvicultural interventions oriented towards future crop trees of target species should be adopted. This may enhance recovery and reduce unintended changes in composition of the commercial growing stock. 650 $aAmazonia 650 $aFloresta Tropical 653 $aExploração madeireira 653 $aRecuperação 653 $aSistema silvicultural policíclico 700 1 $aSCHWARTZ, G. 700 1 $aRUSCHEL, A. R. 700 1 $aLOPES, J. do C. 700 1 $aSILVA, J. N. M. 700 1 $aCARVALHO, J. O. P. de 700 1 $aDORMANN, C. F. 700 1 $aMAZZEI, L. 700 1 $aSOARES, M. H. M. 700 1 $aBAUHUS, J. 773 $tForest Ecology and Management$gv. 385, p. 225-235, Feb. 2017.
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