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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
16/09/2008 |
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Data da última atualização: |
16/09/2008 |
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Autoria: |
PODGAISKI, L. R.; QUADROS, A. F.; ARAUJO, P. B.; OTT, R. |
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Título: |
Influence of artificial shelters on distribution and abundance of Neotropical terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Oniscidea) in a forest soil. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Besides the litter layer, natural microhabitats on the soil surface like rocks and coarse wood
debris are important elements that determine habitat heterogeneity. Knowledge about how
invertebrate communities relate to these elements is fundamental to the conservation of species
and ecosystems. We investigate the colonization pattern of artificial shelters by terrestrial isopods
in relation to seasonality and presence of other invertebrates. The importance of sheltering to
isopods was investigated taking into account reproduction, life strategies and susceptibility to
desiccation of two Neotropical species: Atlantoscia floridana (Philosciidae) and Balloniscus
glaber (Balloniscidae). These species are commonly syntopic and often show a high species
association (Quadros & Araujo, 2008). We predict that (1) Shelter use should be more important
to A. floridana - which is a typical surface-litter dwelling isopod - than to B. glaber, which shows
an increased burrowing ability; (2) Intensity of sheltering should increase in summer, specially in
the case of A. floridana which is more susceptible to desiccation, (3) Abundance of reproductive
females should be higher under shelters than in the adjacent litter and (4) Distribution of isopods
under shelters is not random and may be influenced by other invertebrates. The experiments
were conducted during one year in a secondary forest fragment (Triunfo city, RS, Brazil). Clay
roofing tiles of 24x40 cm served as artificial shelters. The experiment was set in a block design,
with shelter and leaf litter samples. Samplings occurred in the end of each season, with 10
replicates per season (Podgaiski et al., 2007). We captured 731 individuals, 77% being A.
floridana and 23% being B. glaber. ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between treatments
and seasons for A. floridana (P=0.045) and its ovigerous females (P=0.012), but not for B.
glaber (P=0.513). As expected, in summer the abundance of A. floridana under the shelters
increased and decreased in the litter. Abundance of ovigerous females was higher under the
shelters in all seasons with exception of spring. The distribution of isopods was aggregated.
Indexes of species association revealed a negative association of B. glaber with Hymenoptera
and Opiliones (shelters) and with Chilopoda (litter). A. floridana presented a strong negative
association with Opiliones in shelters and a positive association with other detritivorous in both
shelters and litter. We conclude that rocky elements on the soil surface are important shelters for
terrestrial isopods and that their colonization differs markedly between isopod species and
seasons. Life strategies, resistance to desiccation and interaction with invertebrate taxa can
explain the patterns of shelter occupation. Availability of soil microhabitats may influence
community?s fitness and maintenance of the services they provide to ecosystems. MenosBesides the litter layer, natural microhabitats on the soil surface like rocks and coarse wood
debris are important elements that determine habitat heterogeneity. Knowledge about how
invertebrate communities relate to these elements is fundamental to the conservation of species
and ecosystems. We investigate the colonization pattern of artificial shelters by terrestrial isopods
in relation to seasonality and presence of other invertebrates. The importance of sheltering to
isopods was investigated taking into account reproduction, life strategies and susceptibility to
desiccation of two Neotropical species: Atlantoscia floridana (Philosciidae) and Balloniscus
glaber (Balloniscidae). These species are commonly syntopic and often show a high species
association (Quadros & Araujo, 2008). We predict that (1) Shelter use should be more important
to A. floridana - which is a typical surface-litter dwelling isopod - than to B. glaber, which shows
an increased burrowing ability; (2) Intensity of sheltering should increase in summer, specially in
the case of A. floridana which is more susceptible to desiccation, (3) Abundance of reproductive
females should be higher under shelters than in the adjacent litter and (4) Distribution of isopods
under shelters is not random and may be influenced by other invertebrates. The experiments
were conducted during one year in a secondary forest fragment (Triunfo city, RS, Brazil). Clay
roofing tiles of 24x40 cm served as artificial shelters. The ex... Mostrar Tudo |
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Categoria do assunto: |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03690naa a2200157 a 4500
001 1314818
005 2008-09-16
008 2008 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aPODGAISKI, L. R.
245 $aInfluence of artificial shelters on distribution and abundance of Neotropical terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Oniscidea) in a forest soil.
260 $c2008
520 $aBesides the litter layer, natural microhabitats on the soil surface like rocks and coarse wood debris are important elements that determine habitat heterogeneity. Knowledge about how invertebrate communities relate to these elements is fundamental to the conservation of species and ecosystems. We investigate the colonization pattern of artificial shelters by terrestrial isopods in relation to seasonality and presence of other invertebrates. The importance of sheltering to isopods was investigated taking into account reproduction, life strategies and susceptibility to desiccation of two Neotropical species: Atlantoscia floridana (Philosciidae) and Balloniscus glaber (Balloniscidae). These species are commonly syntopic and often show a high species association (Quadros & Araujo, 2008). We predict that (1) Shelter use should be more important to A. floridana - which is a typical surface-litter dwelling isopod - than to B. glaber, which shows an increased burrowing ability; (2) Intensity of sheltering should increase in summer, specially in the case of A. floridana which is more susceptible to desiccation, (3) Abundance of reproductive females should be higher under shelters than in the adjacent litter and (4) Distribution of isopods under shelters is not random and may be influenced by other invertebrates. The experiments were conducted during one year in a secondary forest fragment (Triunfo city, RS, Brazil). Clay roofing tiles of 24x40 cm served as artificial shelters. The experiment was set in a block design, with shelter and leaf litter samples. Samplings occurred in the end of each season, with 10 replicates per season (Podgaiski et al., 2007). We captured 731 individuals, 77% being A. floridana and 23% being B. glaber. ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between treatments and seasons for A. floridana (P=0.045) and its ovigerous females (P=0.012), but not for B. glaber (P=0.513). As expected, in summer the abundance of A. floridana under the shelters increased and decreased in the litter. Abundance of ovigerous females was higher under the shelters in all seasons with exception of spring. The distribution of isopods was aggregated. Indexes of species association revealed a negative association of B. glaber with Hymenoptera and Opiliones (shelters) and with Chilopoda (litter). A. floridana presented a strong negative association with Opiliones in shelters and a positive association with other detritivorous in both shelters and litter. We conclude that rocky elements on the soil surface are important shelters for terrestrial isopods and that their colonization differs markedly between isopod species and seasons. Life strategies, resistance to desiccation and interaction with invertebrate taxa can explain the patterns of shelter occupation. Availability of soil microhabitats may influence community?s fitness and maintenance of the services they provide to ecosystems.
700 1 $aQUADROS, A. F.
700 1 $aARAUJO, P. B.
700 1 $aOTT, R.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM.
Download
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Florestas (CNPF) |
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Biblioteca |
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Origem |
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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Meio Ambiente. |
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Data corrente: |
04/10/2006 |
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Data da última atualização: |
05/09/2017 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
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Autoria: |
COSTA, F. de S.; LIMA, M. A. de; BAYER, C.; FRIGHETTO, R. T. S.; BOHNEN, H.; MACEDO, V. R. M.; MARCOLIN, E. |
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Afiliação: |
F. de S. COSTA; MAGDA APARECIDA DE LIMA, CNPMA; C. BAYER; ROSA TOYOKO SHIRAISHI FRIGHETTO, CNPMA; H. BOHNEN; V. R. M. MACEDO; E. MARCOLIN. |
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Título: |
Methane emissions from a flooded rice field in the south of Brazil. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2003 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL METHANE AND NITROUS OXIDE MITIGATION CONFERENCE, 3., 2003, Beijing. Proceedings... Beijing: China Coal Information Institute, 2003. p. 190-197. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
The State of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil cultivates about 1Mha of rice in paddy fields. The soils are prepared using either conventional tillage (CT, 41% of the area) or no tillage (NT, 14% of area), the remaining falling in a mixed soil-preparation category. The outcomes of the current study represent the first evaluation of CH4 emissions from flooded rice fields in the south of Brazil. This information will feed the Brazilian greenhouse gas inventory. The study was carried out from January through March 2003 at the IRGA experimental station located in the municipality of Cachoerinha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Rice has been cultivated in this Gleisol area since 1994 using either the CT or NT system. The closed chamber method was used to collect air samples from 9:00 AM to 12:00 Noon on a weekly basis or in 24-hour campaigns; samples were analyzed using gas chromatography. Soil and plant parameters were also measured in order to determine which ecosystem factors affect CH4 emissions from the soil into the atmosphere. Along the period, CH4 emission rates varied from 24 to 703 mg m-2 day-1. NT plot emissions were initially greater than those from the CT plot, probably due to having maintained the crop residues on the surface of soil in the NT system. Nevertheless, CH4 emission rates in the CT plot were higher than in the NT plot 14 days after flooding, probably due to the higher root mass in the deeper soil layer in the NT system. The close relationship (P<0.01) found between CH4 emissions and soil temperature in both systems explains 60% of CH4 emissions. Total CH4 emissions were 33 and 22 g m-2 in the CT and NT systems, respectively. The emission variation between the soil preparation systems corresponds to 2,860 kg ha-1 CO2 equivalents. Moreover, this reduction represents 0.8 Mg ha-1 yr-1 C equivalents, greater than the average value of 0.58 Mg C ha-1 year-1 for C sequestration in agricultural soils in the subtropical region of Brazil. The 24-hour campaign emissions produced a sigmoid curve into both the atmosphere and the chamber, albeit with an inverse relationship. The 24-hour emissions were controlled by the soil and flood-water temperatures. MenosThe State of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil cultivates about 1Mha of rice in paddy fields. The soils are prepared using either conventional tillage (CT, 41% of the area) or no tillage (NT, 14% of area), the remaining falling in a mixed soil-preparation category. The outcomes of the current study represent the first evaluation of CH4 emissions from flooded rice fields in the south of Brazil. This information will feed the Brazilian greenhouse gas inventory. The study was carried out from January through March 2003 at the IRGA experimental station located in the municipality of Cachoerinha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Rice has been cultivated in this Gleisol area since 1994 using either the CT or NT system. The closed chamber method was used to collect air samples from 9:00 AM to 12:00 Noon on a weekly basis or in 24-hour campaigns; samples were analyzed using gas chromatography. Soil and plant parameters were also measured in order to determine which ecosystem factors affect CH4 emissions from the soil into the atmosphere. Along the period, CH4 emission rates varied from 24 to 703 mg m-2 day-1. NT plot emissions were initially greater than those from the CT plot, probably due to having maintained the crop residues on the surface of soil in the NT system. Nevertheless, CH4 emission rates in the CT plot were higher than in the NT plot 14 days after flooding, probably due to the higher root mass in the deeper soil layer in the NT system. The close relationship (P<0.01) found between... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesagro: |
Arroz; Metano. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
P Recursos Naturais, Ciências Ambientais e da Terra |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/163485/1/Costa-methane.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 02877nam a2200205 a 4500
001 1015069
005 2017-09-05
008 2003 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aCOSTA, F. de S.
245 $aMethane emissions from a flooded rice field in the south of Brazil.$h[electronic resource]
260 $aIn: INTERNATIONAL METHANE AND NITROUS OXIDE MITIGATION CONFERENCE, 3., 2003, Beijing. Proceedings... Beijing: China Coal Information Institute, 2003. p. 190-197.$c2003
520 $aThe State of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil cultivates about 1Mha of rice in paddy fields. The soils are prepared using either conventional tillage (CT, 41% of the area) or no tillage (NT, 14% of area), the remaining falling in a mixed soil-preparation category. The outcomes of the current study represent the first evaluation of CH4 emissions from flooded rice fields in the south of Brazil. This information will feed the Brazilian greenhouse gas inventory. The study was carried out from January through March 2003 at the IRGA experimental station located in the municipality of Cachoerinha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Rice has been cultivated in this Gleisol area since 1994 using either the CT or NT system. The closed chamber method was used to collect air samples from 9:00 AM to 12:00 Noon on a weekly basis or in 24-hour campaigns; samples were analyzed using gas chromatography. Soil and plant parameters were also measured in order to determine which ecosystem factors affect CH4 emissions from the soil into the atmosphere. Along the period, CH4 emission rates varied from 24 to 703 mg m-2 day-1. NT plot emissions were initially greater than those from the CT plot, probably due to having maintained the crop residues on the surface of soil in the NT system. Nevertheless, CH4 emission rates in the CT plot were higher than in the NT plot 14 days after flooding, probably due to the higher root mass in the deeper soil layer in the NT system. The close relationship (P<0.01) found between CH4 emissions and soil temperature in both systems explains 60% of CH4 emissions. Total CH4 emissions were 33 and 22 g m-2 in the CT and NT systems, respectively. The emission variation between the soil preparation systems corresponds to 2,860 kg ha-1 CO2 equivalents. Moreover, this reduction represents 0.8 Mg ha-1 yr-1 C equivalents, greater than the average value of 0.58 Mg C ha-1 year-1 for C sequestration in agricultural soils in the subtropical region of Brazil. The 24-hour campaign emissions produced a sigmoid curve into both the atmosphere and the chamber, albeit with an inverse relationship. The 24-hour emissions were controlled by the soil and flood-water temperatures.
650 $aArroz
650 $aMetano
700 1 $aLIMA, M. A. de
700 1 $aBAYER, C.
700 1 $aFRIGHETTO, R. T. S.
700 1 $aBOHNEN, H.
700 1 $aMACEDO, V. R. M.
700 1 $aMARCOLIN, E.
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