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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agrobiologia; Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. |
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Data corrente: |
23/01/1997 |
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Data da última atualização: |
05/02/2014 |
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Autoria: |
PITTA, G. V. E. |
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Afiliação: |
EMBRAPA/CNPMS. |
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Título: |
The growth and nutrient uptake of selected sorghum and maize genotypes to evaluate their tolerance to soluble aluminium, especially in soils. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1983 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
1983. |
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Páginas: |
387 p. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Notas: |
Tese (Doutorado) - University of London, London. |
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Conteúdo: |
This thesis examines the effects of aluminium treatments added to an acid soil on some selected sorghum and maize genotypes grown up to 70 days in a constant environment, and on the associated soil characteristics, for comparasion with their Al tolerance classification based on grain yield in Brazilian field experiments. It also investigates the effects of combinations of major nutrients with Al treatments on these plant and soil characteristics to evaluate their interaction with the effect of Al toxicity on these plants. In a third set of experiments in water culture using a smaller number of treatments, these plant characteristics are re-evaluated for comparison with the Al tolorance classification from Brazilian field experiments based on grain yield, and from hydroponic trial based on other major nutrients into the roots is assessed by Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM-ED), and the cation and anion status in plant parts is determined by plasma ashing and SEM-ED techniques. In soil culture, the results suggest that the Al treatments used were not high enough to increase the labile soil aluminium appreciably, mainly because of an intense and very rapid chemisorption reaction which limited its effects on plant growth. However, the high Al concentrations found in plant parts can be attributed to Al uptake mainly from the surface soil layers and through superficial roots. The sorghum genotypes consisted of high and low yield potential groups, each group consisting of an Al tolerant and an Al sensitive genotype ..... MenosThis thesis examines the effects of aluminium treatments added to an acid soil on some selected sorghum and maize genotypes grown up to 70 days in a constant environment, and on the associated soil characteristics, for comparasion with their Al tolerance classification based on grain yield in Brazilian field experiments. It also investigates the effects of combinations of major nutrients with Al treatments on these plant and soil characteristics to evaluate their interaction with the effect of Al toxicity on these plants. In a third set of experiments in water culture using a smaller number of treatments, these plant characteristics are re-evaluated for comparison with the Al tolorance classification from Brazilian field experiments based on grain yield, and from hydroponic trial based on other major nutrients into the roots is assessed by Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM-ED), and the cation and anion status in plant parts is determined by plasma ashing and SEM-ED techniques. In soil culture, the results suggest that the Al treatments used were not high enough to increase the labile soil aluminium appreciably, mainly because of an intense and very rapid chemisorption reaction which limited its effects on plant growth. However, the high Al concentrations found in plant parts can be attributed to Al uptake mainly from the surface soil layers and through superficial roots. The sorghum genotypes consisted of high and low yield potential groups, each group consisting of an Al to... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Al; Aluminium; Maize; Mineral nutrition; Nutricao mineral; Plants; Sorghum; Tolerance; Tolerancia. |
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Thesagro: |
Absorção; Alumínio; Crescimento; Milho; Nutriente; Planta; Solo; Sorghum Bicolor; Sorgo; Toxidez; Zea Mays. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
nutrient uptake; soil; toxicity. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02573nam a2200409 a 4500
001 1473647
005 2014-02-05
008 1983 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aPITTA, G. V. E.
245 $aThe growth and nutrient uptake of selected sorghum and maize genotypes to evaluate their tolerance to soluble aluminium, especially in soils.
260 $a1983.$c1983
300 $a387 p.
500 $aTese (Doutorado) - University of London, London.
520 $aThis thesis examines the effects of aluminium treatments added to an acid soil on some selected sorghum and maize genotypes grown up to 70 days in a constant environment, and on the associated soil characteristics, for comparasion with their Al tolerance classification based on grain yield in Brazilian field experiments. It also investigates the effects of combinations of major nutrients with Al treatments on these plant and soil characteristics to evaluate their interaction with the effect of Al toxicity on these plants. In a third set of experiments in water culture using a smaller number of treatments, these plant characteristics are re-evaluated for comparison with the Al tolorance classification from Brazilian field experiments based on grain yield, and from hydroponic trial based on other major nutrients into the roots is assessed by Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM-ED), and the cation and anion status in plant parts is determined by plasma ashing and SEM-ED techniques. In soil culture, the results suggest that the Al treatments used were not high enough to increase the labile soil aluminium appreciably, mainly because of an intense and very rapid chemisorption reaction which limited its effects on plant growth. However, the high Al concentrations found in plant parts can be attributed to Al uptake mainly from the surface soil layers and through superficial roots. The sorghum genotypes consisted of high and low yield potential groups, each group consisting of an Al tolerant and an Al sensitive genotype .....
650 $anutrient uptake
650 $asoil
650 $atoxicity
650 $aAbsorção
650 $aAlumínio
650 $aCrescimento
650 $aMilho
650 $aNutriente
650 $aPlanta
650 $aSolo
650 $aSorghum Bicolor
650 $aSorgo
650 $aToxidez
650 $aZea Mays
653 $aAl
653 $aAluminium
653 $aMaize
653 $aMineral nutrition
653 $aNutricao mineral
653 $aPlants
653 $aSorghum
653 $aTolerance
653 $aTolerancia
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Milho e Sorgo (CNPMS) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Florestas. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpf.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
16/09/2008 |
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Data da última atualização: |
16/09/2008 |
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Autoria: |
DUBS, F.; DECAËNS, T.; HEDDE, M.; GEOFFROY, J. J.; BOUTH, M. le; GARNIER, A.; BOGUCKI, C.; LANGLOIS, E.; BUREAU, F.; MARGERIE, P.; AUBERT, M.; LAVELLE, P. |
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Título: |
Surrounding landscape effects on local community of soil macrofauna detritivore. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
While habitat quality is known to influence species occurrence at a focal site, local diversity
within habitat patches also depends on the structure of the surrounding landscape and the
associated constraints on species dispersion. Thus, it is quite obvious that habitat constraints
are not enough to explain variability in local species composition between patches with different
land uses, and that we need to consider landscape context to improve the power of explanatory
environmental factors. In this study, we assessed the importance of ?neighbouring or matrix
effect? on the structure of soil fauna detritivore communities (diplopods, isopods and earthworms)
from a data set collected in 5 landscape 1 km2 windows replicated in 2 regions in France and
representing a gradient of 5 levels of landscape intensification. In each window, we identified 16
points regularly distributed 200m apart from each other as follow and, on each of them, was
sampled fauna with a combination of hand sorting and formaldehyde extraction on 3 replicates
of 25 ? 25 cm. Invertebrates were identified to species and counted. We used canonical
correspondence analysis and partial canonical ordination to assess the respective impact of
surrounding landscape vs. habitat constraints. Hypothetical driving factors were categorised as
follows: habitat quality by soil, habitat and management types and surrounding landscape by
composition and configuration of habitat around the sampling point.
We found that the surrounding landscape composition (proportion and diversity of different habitat
types) and configuration (shape and dispersion of habitats) had significant effects on the structure
of soil macrofauna detritivore communities with different local communities in 1) forested
surrounding landscape, 2) heterogeneous surrounding landscape, 3) grassland surrounding
landscape and 4) crop surrounding landscape. Habitat quality also dramatically influenced the
diversity and abundance of detritivore macroinvertebrates. Significant differences were found
between: 1) habitat with mowing, organic, permanent grassland, 2) habitat with changing land
uses, fertilised crops and grazing pastures, and 3) managed forest habitats. The variance
partitioning between the three sets of environmental variables showed that habitat quality factors
were the most influencing, followed by surrounding landscape composition and surrounding
landscape structure. MenosWhile habitat quality is known to influence species occurrence at a focal site, local diversity
within habitat patches also depends on the structure of the surrounding landscape and the
associated constraints on species dispersion. Thus, it is quite obvious that habitat constraints
are not enough to explain variability in local species composition between patches with different
land uses, and that we need to consider landscape context to improve the power of explanatory
environmental factors. In this study, we assessed the importance of ?neighbouring or matrix
effect? on the structure of soil fauna detritivore communities (diplopods, isopods and earthworms)
from a data set collected in 5 landscape 1 km2 windows replicated in 2 regions in France and
representing a gradient of 5 levels of landscape intensification. In each window, we identified 16
points regularly distributed 200m apart from each other as follow and, on each of them, was
sampled fauna with a combination of hand sorting and formaldehyde extraction on 3 replicates
of 25 ? 25 cm. Invertebrates were identified to species and counted. We used canonical
correspondence analysis and partial canonical ordination to assess the respective impact of
surrounding landscape vs. habitat constraints. Hypothetical driving factors were categorised as
follows: habitat quality by soil, habitat and management types and surrounding landscape by
composition and configuration of habitat around the sampling point.
We found that the sur... Mostrar Tudo |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
|
Marc: |
LEADER 03363naa a2200253 a 4500
001 1314829
005 2008-09-16
008 2008 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aDUBS, F.
245 $aSurrounding landscape effects on local community of soil macrofauna detritivore.
260 $c2008
520 $aWhile habitat quality is known to influence species occurrence at a focal site, local diversity within habitat patches also depends on the structure of the surrounding landscape and the associated constraints on species dispersion. Thus, it is quite obvious that habitat constraints are not enough to explain variability in local species composition between patches with different land uses, and that we need to consider landscape context to improve the power of explanatory environmental factors. In this study, we assessed the importance of ?neighbouring or matrix effect? on the structure of soil fauna detritivore communities (diplopods, isopods and earthworms) from a data set collected in 5 landscape 1 km2 windows replicated in 2 regions in France and representing a gradient of 5 levels of landscape intensification. In each window, we identified 16 points regularly distributed 200m apart from each other as follow and, on each of them, was sampled fauna with a combination of hand sorting and formaldehyde extraction on 3 replicates of 25 ? 25 cm. Invertebrates were identified to species and counted. We used canonical correspondence analysis and partial canonical ordination to assess the respective impact of surrounding landscape vs. habitat constraints. Hypothetical driving factors were categorised as follows: habitat quality by soil, habitat and management types and surrounding landscape by composition and configuration of habitat around the sampling point. We found that the surrounding landscape composition (proportion and diversity of different habitat types) and configuration (shape and dispersion of habitats) had significant effects on the structure of soil macrofauna detritivore communities with different local communities in 1) forested surrounding landscape, 2) heterogeneous surrounding landscape, 3) grassland surrounding landscape and 4) crop surrounding landscape. Habitat quality also dramatically influenced the diversity and abundance of detritivore macroinvertebrates. Significant differences were found between: 1) habitat with mowing, organic, permanent grassland, 2) habitat with changing land uses, fertilised crops and grazing pastures, and 3) managed forest habitats. The variance partitioning between the three sets of environmental variables showed that habitat quality factors were the most influencing, followed by surrounding landscape composition and surrounding landscape structure.
700 1 $aDECAËNS, T.
700 1 $aHEDDE, M.
700 1 $aGEOFFROY, J. J.
700 1 $aBOUTH, M. le
700 1 $aGARNIER, A.
700 1 $aBOGUCKI, C.
700 1 $aLANGLOIS, E.
700 1 $aBUREAU, F.
700 1 $aMARGERIE, P.
700 1 $aAUBERT, M.
700 1 $aLAVELLE, P.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM.
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