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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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Data corrente: |
18/03/2011 |
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Data da última atualização: |
11/11/2022 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
HOHNWALD, S.; ABREU, E. A. A. de; KRUMMEL, T.; TRAUTWEIN, J.; VEIGA, J. B. da; WOLLNY, C. B. A.; AZEVEDO, C. M. B. C. de; GEROLD, G. |
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Afiliação: |
STEFAN HOHNWALD, UNIVERSITY OF GOTTINGEN; ELIANA M. ACIOLI DE ABREU, UFRA; TIMO KRUMMEL, UNIVERSITY OF GOTTINGEN; JULIA TRATWEIN, UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES BINGEN; JONAS BASTOS DA VEIGA, CPATU; CLEMENS B. A. WOLLNY, UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES BINGEN; CELIA MARIA BRAGA C DE AZEVEDO, CPATU; GERHARD GEROLD, UNIVERSITY OF GOTTINGEN. |
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Título: |
Degraded pasture distribution and woody enrichment strategies for pasture fertility preservation in the bragantina region, north-eastern Amazon. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2010 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Erdkunde, v. 64, n. 1, p. 17-31, Jan./Mar. 2010. |
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DOI: |
10.3112/erdkunde.2010.01.02 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
In the densely settled Bragantina region, northern Brazil, smallholder cattle pastures start into compulsory degradation processes indicated, among other factors by the woody encroachment of the resprouting secondary vegetation, nationally called ?capoeira?. By means of Landsat and QuickBird satellite imagery techniques different stages of tree dominated pastures were identified and the distribution of degraded pastures quantified. This was tested in a supervised Landsat classification from 2006 and 2007, taking QuickBird imageries from 2004 and 2005 as additional ground checks. We found that 42% of the rural Bragantinian landscape has already converted into pastures, 28% in advanced stages of above ground pasture degradation. Our reclassification means that the region is still confronted with a serious ecological pasture problem and that conventional land use classifications, climatological models and carbon calculations, based on Landsat imageries only, underestimate pasture distribution and thus lead to inaccurate extrapolations. As the resprouting shrubs of the capoeira are a permanent problem on tropical lowland pastures but, on the other hand, are also the ecological basis of the sustainable slash-and-burn systems of smallholders, we tested some innovative strategies to tolerate various useful woody components of the capoeira on pastures to stabilise them ecologically: first, a buffet trial shows that the ten tested capoeira and some other common domesticated tree species obtain a comparable palatability as well-known woody forage legumes. Thus, Cecropia palmata and Tithonia diversifolia, among others, were as palatable for cattle as the well-known multi-purpose legume Cratylia argentea. As a consequence, these freely accessible tree species should not be slashed but fostered on pastures, like supplementary forage plants. Secondly, it is demonstrated that the multi-purpose forage legumes C. argentea and Flemingia macrophylla perform better under smallholder management than under large scaled farming or even intense management due to the associated prolonged restoration times. In sum, we could demonstrate that woody components (capoeira and/or woody legumes) are more appropriate for the humid tropics than pure grass-monocultures. Based on these experiences, we modified the model of a grass-capoeira-legume pasture, incorporating pastures just as an interim stage of the slash-and-burn system. Forage production could be enhanced in that system by selective slashing of the capoeira (palatable species are tolerated) and by incorporating woody forage legumes. As this biome is known to restore its ecosystem fertility rather in its above-ground biomass than in its poor soils, woody components on pastures are recommended for ecologically sustainable production systems. Furthermore, they might be requisite to mitigate the proclaimed climatic change in the Amazon. MenosIn the densely settled Bragantina region, northern Brazil, smallholder cattle pastures start into compulsory degradation processes indicated, among other factors by the woody encroachment of the resprouting secondary vegetation, nationally called ?capoeira?. By means of Landsat and QuickBird satellite imagery techniques different stages of tree dominated pastures were identified and the distribution of degraded pastures quantified. This was tested in a supervised Landsat classification from 2006 and 2007, taking QuickBird imageries from 2004 and 2005 as additional ground checks. We found that 42% of the rural Bragantinian landscape has already converted into pastures, 28% in advanced stages of above ground pasture degradation. Our reclassification means that the region is still confronted with a serious ecological pasture problem and that conventional land use classifications, climatological models and carbon calculations, based on Landsat imageries only, underestimate pasture distribution and thus lead to inaccurate extrapolations. As the resprouting shrubs of the capoeira are a permanent problem on tropical lowland pastures but, on the other hand, are also the ecological basis of the sustainable slash-and-burn systems of smallholders, we tested some innovative strategies to tolerate various useful woody components of the capoeira on pastures to stabilise them ecologically: first, a buffet trial shows that the ten tested capoeira and some other common domesticated tree spec... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Degradação de pestagem; Sistema agrosilvopastoral; Tipitamba. |
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Thesagro: |
Capoeira. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
F Plantas e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03756naa a2200265 a 4500
001 1881516
005 2022-11-11
008 2010 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.3112/erdkunde.2010.01.02$2DOI
100 1 $aHOHNWALD, S.
245 $aDegraded pasture distribution and woody enrichment strategies for pasture fertility preservation in the bragantina region, north-eastern Amazon.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2010
520 $aIn the densely settled Bragantina region, northern Brazil, smallholder cattle pastures start into compulsory degradation processes indicated, among other factors by the woody encroachment of the resprouting secondary vegetation, nationally called ?capoeira?. By means of Landsat and QuickBird satellite imagery techniques different stages of tree dominated pastures were identified and the distribution of degraded pastures quantified. This was tested in a supervised Landsat classification from 2006 and 2007, taking QuickBird imageries from 2004 and 2005 as additional ground checks. We found that 42% of the rural Bragantinian landscape has already converted into pastures, 28% in advanced stages of above ground pasture degradation. Our reclassification means that the region is still confronted with a serious ecological pasture problem and that conventional land use classifications, climatological models and carbon calculations, based on Landsat imageries only, underestimate pasture distribution and thus lead to inaccurate extrapolations. As the resprouting shrubs of the capoeira are a permanent problem on tropical lowland pastures but, on the other hand, are also the ecological basis of the sustainable slash-and-burn systems of smallholders, we tested some innovative strategies to tolerate various useful woody components of the capoeira on pastures to stabilise them ecologically: first, a buffet trial shows that the ten tested capoeira and some other common domesticated tree species obtain a comparable palatability as well-known woody forage legumes. Thus, Cecropia palmata and Tithonia diversifolia, among others, were as palatable for cattle as the well-known multi-purpose legume Cratylia argentea. As a consequence, these freely accessible tree species should not be slashed but fostered on pastures, like supplementary forage plants. Secondly, it is demonstrated that the multi-purpose forage legumes C. argentea and Flemingia macrophylla perform better under smallholder management than under large scaled farming or even intense management due to the associated prolonged restoration times. In sum, we could demonstrate that woody components (capoeira and/or woody legumes) are more appropriate for the humid tropics than pure grass-monocultures. Based on these experiences, we modified the model of a grass-capoeira-legume pasture, incorporating pastures just as an interim stage of the slash-and-burn system. Forage production could be enhanced in that system by selective slashing of the capoeira (palatable species are tolerated) and by incorporating woody forage legumes. As this biome is known to restore its ecosystem fertility rather in its above-ground biomass than in its poor soils, woody components on pastures are recommended for ecologically sustainable production systems. Furthermore, they might be requisite to mitigate the proclaimed climatic change in the Amazon.
650 $aCapoeira
653 $aDegradação de pestagem
653 $aSistema agrosilvopastoral
653 $aTipitamba
700 1 $aABREU, E. A. A. de
700 1 $aKRUMMEL, T.
700 1 $aTRAUTWEIN, J.
700 1 $aVEIGA, J. B. da
700 1 $aWOLLNY, C. B. A.
700 1 $aAZEVEDO, C. M. B. C. de
700 1 $aGEROLD, G.
773 $tErdkunde$gv. 64, n. 1, p. 17-31, Jan./Mar. 2010.
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| Registros recuperados : 259 | |
| 6. |  | VEIGA, J. B. da. Reabilitação de áreas de pastagens degradadas. In: SIMPÓSIO SOBRE MANEJO E REABILITAÇÃO DE ÁREAS DEGRADADAS E FLORESTAS SECUNDÁRIAS NA AMAZÔNIA, 1993, Santarém, PA. Anais. Rio Piedras: Instituto Internacional de Floresta Tropical: USDA-Servico Florestal; Belém: EMBRAPA-CPATU, 1995. p. 191-200.| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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| 7. | | VEIGA, J. B. da. Proposta do projeto conjunto EMBRAPA/CIRAD. In: SEMINÁRIO SOBRE MANEJO DA VEGETAÇÃO SECUNDÁRIA PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DA EMBRAPA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL, 1999, Belém, PA. Anais. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental: CNPq, 2000. p. 178-179. (Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Documentos, 69).| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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| 12. | | VEIGA, J. B. da. Formação e manutenção de pastagem. In: VEIGA, J. B. da (Ed.). Criação de gado leiteiro na Zona Bragantina. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2006. p. 59-65. (Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Sistemas de produção, 2).| Tipo: Capítulo em Livro Técnico-Científico |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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| 14. | | VEIGA, J. B. da. Manejo de pastagem. In: VEIGA, J. B. da (Ed.). Criação de gado leiteiro na Zona Bragantina. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2006. p. 67-73. (Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Sistemas de produção, 2).| Tipo: Capítulo em Livro Técnico-Científico |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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| 17. | | VEIGA, J. B. da. Utilização do capim-elefante sob pastejo. In: CARVALHO, M. M.; ALVIM, M. J.; XAVIER, D. F.; CARVALHO, L. de A. (Ed.). Capim-elefante: produção e utilização. Coronel Pacheco: EMBRAPA-CNPGL, 1994. p. 165-193. il.| Tipo: Capítulo em Livro Técnico-Científico |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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| 20. | | GUINHAZI, D. B.; VEIGA, J. B. da. Avaliação de acessos de Panicum maximum e da leguminosa puerária (Pueraria phaseoloides, var. Comum) em sistemas de produção leiteira no município de Uruará-PA. In: SEMINÁRIO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DA FCAP, 12.; SEMINÁRIO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DA EMBRAPA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL, 6., 2002, Belém, PA. A contribuição do profissional de Ciências Agrárias no uso e conservação da biodiversidade: anais. Belém, PA: FCAP: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2002.| Tipo: Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
| Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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| Registros recuperados : 259 | |
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