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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical; Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste; Embrapa Algodão; Embrapa Amapá; Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental; Embrapa Cerrados; Embrapa Gado de Corte; Embrapa Meio Ambiente; Embrapa Meio Norte / UEP-Parnaíba; Embrapa Meio-Norte; Embrapa Pantanal; Embrapa Semiárido; Embrapa Soja. MenosEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical; Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste; Embrapa Algodão; Embrapa Amapá; Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental; Embrapa Cerrados; Embrapa Gado de Corte; Embrapa Meio Ambiente; Embrapa Meio Norte / UEP-Parnaíba; Embrapa Meio-Norte... Mostrar Todas |
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Data corrente: |
17/03/2003 |
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Data da última atualização: |
21/03/2003 |
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Autoria: |
SCORZA JUNIOR, R. P. |
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Título: |
Pesticide leaching in macroporous clay soils: field experiment and modeling. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2002 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
2002. |
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Páginas: |
234 p. |
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ISBN: |
905808745X |
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Idioma: |
Inglês
Português |
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Notas: |
Doctoral Thesis, Wageningen University and Research Centre. |
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Conteúdo: |
The presence of macropores (i.e. shrinkage cracks, earthworm and root channels) in the unsaturated zone can enhance pesticide leaching to groundwater and therefore increase the risk of groundwater contamination. In this thesis, experimental and modeling approaches were used to obtain a better understanding of the processes that affect pesticide leaching in cracked clay soils at the field scale. A field experiment (1.2 ha) was
conducted to study the movement of water and bromide, and of two pesticides with contrasting mobility (bentazone and imidacloprid). A rapid breakthrough of bromide and pesticides in drain water and groundwater was observed, which is a strong evidence for preferential transport in this soil. Two pesticide leaching models were tested using the data from the field experiment: (i) the chromatographic flow model PEARL and (ii) the preferential flow model MACRO. The calibration of PEARL indicated that a large dispersion length was necessary to simulate bromide leaching in this soil correctly, which implies a large non-uniformity of solute transport. This calibration worked well for the mobile pesticide bentazone but not for imidacloprid, which is moderately adsorbed. So the solute transport in this cracked clay soil could not be described with the convection-dispersion
equation even after increasing the dispersion length. The bulk of bentazone leaching was underestimated with MACRO although it simulated the leaching of imidacloprid reasonably well. The fast transport of all substances via macropore flow could be simulated well with MACRO although calibration of some sensitive and difficult to measure parameters was necessary. Considering that preferential flow may depend on the processes at the soil surface, a model that simulates water infiltration, overland flow, macropore flow and water storage at soil surface was developed. Simulations revealed that macropores at the soil surface can receive water before the maximum water storage at soil is reached. Therefore, the frequently used assumption that overland flow only starts after the maximum water storage at soil surface is attained can lead to underestimation of macropore flow for short showers. MenosThe presence of macropores (i.e. shrinkage cracks, earthworm and root channels) in the unsaturated zone can enhance pesticide leaching to groundwater and therefore increase the risk of groundwater contamination. In this thesis, experimental and modeling approaches were used to obtain a better understanding of the processes that affect pesticide leaching in cracked clay soils at the field scale. A field experiment (1.2 ha) was
conducted to study the movement of water and bromide, and of two pesticides with contrasting mobility (bentazone and imidacloprid). A rapid breakthrough of bromide and pesticides in drain water and groundwater was observed, which is a strong evidence for preferential transport in this soil. Two pesticide leaching models were tested using the data from the field experiment: (i) the chromatographic flow model PEARL and (ii) the preferential flow model MACRO. The calibration of PEARL indicated that a large dispersion length was necessary to simulate bromide leaching in this soil correctly, which implies a large non-uniformity of solute transport. This calibration worked well for the mobile pesticide bentazone but not for imidacloprid, which is moderately adsorbed. So the solute transport in this cracked clay soil could not be described with the convection-dispersion
equation even after increasing the dispersion length. The bulk of bentazone leaching was underestimated with MACRO although it simulated the leaching of imidacloprid reasonably well. The fast t... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Água subterrânea; Bacia; Bentazona; Bentazone; Contaminacao - Agua subterranea; Contamination; Cracked clay soil; Experimento de campo; Inverse modeling; Macroporo; Macroporosidade; Mobilidade; Modelagem matemática; Modeling; Modeling pesticide fate; Modelo; Pesticida - Lixiviacao; Pesticide leaching; Pesticide leaching models; Preferential transport; Soils; Transporte preferencial. |
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Thesagro: |
Águas Subterrâneas; Contaminação; Lixiviação; Modelo de Simulação; Pesticida; Solo; Solo Argiloso. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
groundwater; groundwater contamination; imidacloprid; leaching; macropores; models; pesticides; preferential flow. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03790nam a2200589 a 4500
001 1566560
005 2003-03-21
008 2002 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
020 $a905808745X
100 1 $aSCORZA JUNIOR, R. P.
245 $aPesticide leaching in macroporous clay soils$bfield experiment and modeling.
260 $a2002.$c2002
300 $a234 p.
500 $aDoctoral Thesis, Wageningen University and Research Centre.
520 $aThe presence of macropores (i.e. shrinkage cracks, earthworm and root channels) in the unsaturated zone can enhance pesticide leaching to groundwater and therefore increase the risk of groundwater contamination. In this thesis, experimental and modeling approaches were used to obtain a better understanding of the processes that affect pesticide leaching in cracked clay soils at the field scale. A field experiment (1.2 ha) was conducted to study the movement of water and bromide, and of two pesticides with contrasting mobility (bentazone and imidacloprid). A rapid breakthrough of bromide and pesticides in drain water and groundwater was observed, which is a strong evidence for preferential transport in this soil. Two pesticide leaching models were tested using the data from the field experiment: (i) the chromatographic flow model PEARL and (ii) the preferential flow model MACRO. The calibration of PEARL indicated that a large dispersion length was necessary to simulate bromide leaching in this soil correctly, which implies a large non-uniformity of solute transport. This calibration worked well for the mobile pesticide bentazone but not for imidacloprid, which is moderately adsorbed. So the solute transport in this cracked clay soil could not be described with the convection-dispersion equation even after increasing the dispersion length. The bulk of bentazone leaching was underestimated with MACRO although it simulated the leaching of imidacloprid reasonably well. The fast transport of all substances via macropore flow could be simulated well with MACRO although calibration of some sensitive and difficult to measure parameters was necessary. Considering that preferential flow may depend on the processes at the soil surface, a model that simulates water infiltration, overland flow, macropore flow and water storage at soil surface was developed. Simulations revealed that macropores at the soil surface can receive water before the maximum water storage at soil is reached. Therefore, the frequently used assumption that overland flow only starts after the maximum water storage at soil surface is attained can lead to underestimation of macropore flow for short showers.
650 $agroundwater
650 $agroundwater contamination
650 $aimidacloprid
650 $aleaching
650 $amacropores
650 $amodels
650 $apesticides
650 $apreferential flow
650 $aÁguas Subterrâneas
650 $aContaminação
650 $aLixiviação
650 $aModelo de Simulação
650 $aPesticida
650 $aSolo
650 $aSolo Argiloso
653 $aÁgua subterrânea
653 $aBacia
653 $aBentazona
653 $aBentazone
653 $aContaminacao - Agua subterranea
653 $aContamination
653 $aCracked clay soil
653 $aExperimento de campo
653 $aInverse modeling
653 $aMacroporo
653 $aMacroporosidade
653 $aMobilidade
653 $aModelagem matemática
653 $aModeling
653 $aModeling pesticide fate
653 $aModelo
653 $aPesticida - Lixiviacao
653 $aPesticide leaching
653 $aPesticide leaching models
653 $aPreferential transport
653 $aSoils
653 $aTransporte preferencial
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Cerrados (CPAC) |
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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Soja. |
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Data corrente: |
05/04/2004 |
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Data da última atualização: |
25/07/2005 |
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Autoria: |
OYA, T.; NEPOMUCENO, A. L.; FARIAS, J. R. B.; NEUMAIER, N.; CATTELAN, A. J.; DELATTRE, N.; TOLEDO, C. |
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Título: |
Estratégias para amenizar impactos decorrentes das adversidades climáticas (04.2000.331-05). |
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Ano de publicação: |
2003 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: HOFFMANN-CAMPO, C. B.; SARAIVA, O. F. (Org.). Resultados de pesquisa da Embrapa Soja - 2002: ecofisiologia e biologia molecular. Londrina: Embrapa Soja, 2003. |
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Páginas: |
p. 79-81. |
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Série: |
(Embrapa Soja. Documentos, 217). |
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Idioma: |
Português |
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Thesagro: |
Clima; Climatologia; Soja. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 00788naa a2200241 a 4500
001 1466709
005 2005-07-25
008 2003 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aOYA, T.
245 $aEstratégias para amenizar impactos decorrentes das adversidades climáticas (04.2000.331-05).
260 $c2003
300 $ap. 79-81.
490 $a(Embrapa Soja. Documentos, 217).
650 $aClima
650 $aClimatologia
650 $aSoja
700 1 $aNEPOMUCENO, A. L.
700 1 $aFARIAS, J. R. B.
700 1 $aNEUMAIER, N.
700 1 $aCATTELAN, A. J.
700 1 $aDELATTRE, N.
700 1 $aTOLEDO, C.
773 $tIn: HOFFMANN-CAMPO, C. B.; SARAIVA, O. F. (Org.). Resultados de pesquisa da Embrapa Soja - 2002: ecofisiologia e biologia molecular. Londrina: Embrapa Soja, 2003.
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