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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos. |
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Data corrente: |
04/02/2019 |
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Data da última atualização: |
04/02/2019 |
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Autoria: |
OWEIS, T.; KOBORI, I. |
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Título: |
Indigenous water management knowledge: From traditional to modern technology. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2005 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRYLANDS, 7., 2003, Tehran, Iran. Sustainable development and management of drylands in the twenty-first century; proceedings. Aleppo, Syria: ICARDA, c2005. p. 395-396. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Indigenous knowledge is the accumulated experience of local communities indigenous to a particular area and conditions. It is unique to a society and has ever been a solid basis for its decision-making. It constitutes the major component of the social capital of the poor and often the only asset they control. Since the poor are very familiar with indigenous knowledge, building on it can be particularly effective in reaching the poor and efficiently improving source of management of their resources. Although indigenous knowledge is a continuous source of innovative ideas, which are developed into technologies and practices, these may not be suitable under all conditions. The dry areas are very rich in traditional water management systems. Indigenous knowledge must have been behind all these successes. Especially where water is scarce, sustainable technical and socioeconomic solutions require the utilization of traditional knowledge to develop new practices or improve the efficiency of existing ones. For example, the use of ceramic pots buried in the soil to provide continuous slow flow of water to the root zone of trees has been an age-old practice followed by desert communities. In the modern agriculture it is not practical for commercial exploitation. However through application of new technologies developments, the knowledge has been exploited to produce underground irrigation systems using synthetic material that have permitted growing date palms and other crops in the desert areas with excellent water-use efficiency. Similarly, it was an old practice by people living in dry areas to use concave rocks to capture water from dew condensation and let it get released in drops to the trees. This knowledge has been now exploited to develop drip irrigation system using plastic pipes and various kinds of drip nozzles to release water slowly to the plants. Another example of using the traditional knowledge in modern commercial agriculture is the concept of land leveling for efficient water use. Farmers have used submerged land leveling for rice production for ages, where the farmer guides the oxen driving the plank for land leveling. In the modern farming the same is achieved by tractors equipped with laser devise for guiding land leveling. Use of gravitational head for bringing water from aquifers to the surface of irrigated lands was a traditional knowledge used extensively by farmers in West Asia in the form of canat system, which permitted the water to become available at long distances with little loss through evaporation. Some of these canats are still in use in the Middle East. The modern technology has made use of this knowledge of the need for energy to bring water from aquifer to surface by using various kinds of pumps, operated using fuel or other source of energy. In the dry areas, it was a traditional knowledge that concentrating rain water in small areas could make it more useful for agriculture. As a result they devised methods of water harvesting in the form of cisterns, contour ridges and bunds, and used their common sense in assessing site for water harvesting. Modern scientific developments have permitted improvement in efficiency of water harvesting through increase in the catchment efficiency, increasing the capacity of cisterns to store water, and reducing the cost of making the cisterns. Practices such as making contour ridges with laser guided tractors, developing various kinds of micro-and macrocatchments using appropriate equipment, and using remotely sensed data and GIS in identifying catchment. MenosIndigenous knowledge is the accumulated experience of local communities indigenous to a particular area and conditions. It is unique to a society and has ever been a solid basis for its decision-making. It constitutes the major component of the social capital of the poor and often the only asset they control. Since the poor are very familiar with indigenous knowledge, building on it can be particularly effective in reaching the poor and efficiently improving source of management of their resources. Although indigenous knowledge is a continuous source of innovative ideas, which are developed into technologies and practices, these may not be suitable under all conditions. The dry areas are very rich in traditional water management systems. Indigenous knowledge must have been behind all these successes. Especially where water is scarce, sustainable technical and socioeconomic solutions require the utilization of traditional knowledge to develop new practices or improve the efficiency of existing ones. For example, the use of ceramic pots buried in the soil to provide continuous slow flow of water to the root zone of trees has been an age-old practice followed by desert communities. In the modern agriculture it is not practical for commercial exploitation. However through application of new technologies developments, the knowledge has been exploited to produce underground irrigation systems using synthetic material that have permitted growing date palms and other crops in the de... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Local communities. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
Indigenous knowledge; Rural communities; Traditional technology; Water management. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
P Recursos Naturais, Ciências Ambientais e da Terra |
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Marc: |
LEADER 04301naa a2200193 a 4500
001 2105477
005 2019-02-04
008 2005 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aOWEIS, T.
245 $aIndigenous water management knowledge$bFrom traditional to modern technology.
260 $c2005
520 $aIndigenous knowledge is the accumulated experience of local communities indigenous to a particular area and conditions. It is unique to a society and has ever been a solid basis for its decision-making. It constitutes the major component of the social capital of the poor and often the only asset they control. Since the poor are very familiar with indigenous knowledge, building on it can be particularly effective in reaching the poor and efficiently improving source of management of their resources. Although indigenous knowledge is a continuous source of innovative ideas, which are developed into technologies and practices, these may not be suitable under all conditions. The dry areas are very rich in traditional water management systems. Indigenous knowledge must have been behind all these successes. Especially where water is scarce, sustainable technical and socioeconomic solutions require the utilization of traditional knowledge to develop new practices or improve the efficiency of existing ones. For example, the use of ceramic pots buried in the soil to provide continuous slow flow of water to the root zone of trees has been an age-old practice followed by desert communities. In the modern agriculture it is not practical for commercial exploitation. However through application of new technologies developments, the knowledge has been exploited to produce underground irrigation systems using synthetic material that have permitted growing date palms and other crops in the desert areas with excellent water-use efficiency. Similarly, it was an old practice by people living in dry areas to use concave rocks to capture water from dew condensation and let it get released in drops to the trees. This knowledge has been now exploited to develop drip irrigation system using plastic pipes and various kinds of drip nozzles to release water slowly to the plants. Another example of using the traditional knowledge in modern commercial agriculture is the concept of land leveling for efficient water use. Farmers have used submerged land leveling for rice production for ages, where the farmer guides the oxen driving the plank for land leveling. In the modern farming the same is achieved by tractors equipped with laser devise for guiding land leveling. Use of gravitational head for bringing water from aquifers to the surface of irrigated lands was a traditional knowledge used extensively by farmers in West Asia in the form of canat system, which permitted the water to become available at long distances with little loss through evaporation. Some of these canats are still in use in the Middle East. The modern technology has made use of this knowledge of the need for energy to bring water from aquifer to surface by using various kinds of pumps, operated using fuel or other source of energy. In the dry areas, it was a traditional knowledge that concentrating rain water in small areas could make it more useful for agriculture. As a result they devised methods of water harvesting in the form of cisterns, contour ridges and bunds, and used their common sense in assessing site for water harvesting. Modern scientific developments have permitted improvement in efficiency of water harvesting through increase in the catchment efficiency, increasing the capacity of cisterns to store water, and reducing the cost of making the cisterns. Practices such as making contour ridges with laser guided tractors, developing various kinds of micro-and macrocatchments using appropriate equipment, and using remotely sensed data and GIS in identifying catchment.
650 $aIndigenous knowledge
650 $aRural communities
650 $aTraditional technology
650 $aWater management
653 $aLocal communities
700 1 $aKOBORI, I.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRYLANDS, 7., 2003, Tehran, Iran. Sustainable development and management of drylands in the twenty-first century; proceedings. Aleppo, Syria: ICARDA, c2005. p. 395-396.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos (CNPC) |
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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura. |
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Data corrente: |
22/10/2012 |
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Data da última atualização: |
22/10/2012 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
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Autoria: |
MARTINS, C. A. D.; SOARES, T. L.; OLIVEIRA, E. J. de; JESUS, O. N. de. |
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Afiliação: |
CÁSSIA ADRIANA DOURADO MARTINS, UFRB; TALIANE LEILA SOARES, CAPES; EDER JORGE DE OLIVEIRA, CNPMF; ONILDO NUNES DE JESUS, CNPMF. |
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Título: |
Caracterização morfológica e reação à virose de híbridos interespecíficos de maracujazeiro. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2012 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: JORNADA CIENTÍFICA EMBRAPA MANDIOCA E FRUTICULTURA, 6., 2012, Cruz das Almas. Anais... Cruz das Almas: Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, 2012. |
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Idioma: |
Português |
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Conteúdo: |
Espécies silvestres de Passiflora têm mostrado potencial para uso no melhoramento genético em virtudes destas apresentarem resistência a fatores bióticos e abióticos. O Programa de Melhoramento Genético do Maracujazeiro da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura têm desenvolvido híbridos interespecíficos (P. edulis f. flavicarpa Deg x P. cincinnata Mast.) para selecionar combinações promissoras. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar morfologicamente 23 híbridos interespecíficos bem como avaliar sua reação à virose do endurecimento do fruto. |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Caracterização morfológica de plantas; Melhoramento genético; Retrocruzamentos. |
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Thesagro: |
Maracujá. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
F Plantas e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/68410/1/133-12-Cassia-Onildo.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 01290nam a2200193 a 4500
001 1937353
005 2012-10-22
008 2012 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aMARTINS, C. A. D.
245 $aCaracterização morfológica e reação à virose de híbridos interespecíficos de maracujazeiro.$h[electronic resource]
260 $aIn: JORNADA CIENTÍFICA EMBRAPA MANDIOCA E FRUTICULTURA, 6., 2012, Cruz das Almas. Anais... Cruz das Almas: Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura$c2012
520 $aEspécies silvestres de Passiflora têm mostrado potencial para uso no melhoramento genético em virtudes destas apresentarem resistência a fatores bióticos e abióticos. O Programa de Melhoramento Genético do Maracujazeiro da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura têm desenvolvido híbridos interespecíficos (P. edulis f. flavicarpa Deg x P. cincinnata Mast.) para selecionar combinações promissoras. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar morfologicamente 23 híbridos interespecíficos bem como avaliar sua reação à virose do endurecimento do fruto.
650 $aMaracujá
653 $aCaracterização morfológica de plantas
653 $aMelhoramento genético
653 $aRetrocruzamentos
700 1 $aSOARES, T. L.
700 1 $aOLIVEIRA, E. J. de
700 1 $aJESUS, O. N. de
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