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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste; Embrapa Hortaliças; Embrapa Meio-Norte; Embrapa Semiárido. |
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Data corrente: |
30/10/2003 |
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Data da última atualização: |
30/10/2003 |
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Autoria: |
MELO, P. E. de. |
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Afiliação: |
Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasília, DF. |
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Título: |
The root systems of onion and Allium fistulosum in the context of organic farming: a breeding approach. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2003 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
2003. |
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Páginas: |
127 p. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
A massive amount of synthetic fertilizers is needed to grow onions (Allium cepa L.) due to their meager and inefficient root system. While the sustainability of such high-input systems is being questioned, low-input systems, such as organic agriculture, are gaining ground. For organic agriculture, plants have to be good nutrient scavengers. Therefore, productivity and stability of onion production in organic systems can be problematic. Plant breeding can improve the efficiency of onion roots, but breeding relies on available variation and there was no information about that in onions or in Allium. The aim of
this thesis was to search for variation in root morphology in onion and in its allied species A. fistulosum L., to understand the role this variation could play in organic agriculture and to perform a genetic analysis of root traits. The variation found in root traits in onion was limited, although old onion cultivars had a higher root length density than modern ones. Huge variation was observed between onion and A. fistulosum. A. fistulosum developed substantially more stem-borne and lateral roots and, consequently, a much denser root system. Experiments carried out in an organic farm revealed that onion explored a smaller volume of soil and had a lower root density than A. fistulosum. In addition, onion, contrary to A. fistulosum, showed a reduction in total and fine root density when cultivated in a soil with low nitrogen content. It was also demonstrated that A. fistulosum was very responsive to indigenous and inoculated AMF (50 to 60% increase in both shoot biomass and root length). A Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analysis was done on the genetic linkage map of the progeny from the cross A. cepa x (A. roylei x A. fistulosum) to locate some of the genes responsible for the better performance of the A. fistulosum root system. All traits were evaluated in a replicated trial using in vitro cloned plants. QTLs were found for
number of bulbs (1) and stem-borne roots (2) and, more interesting for breeding, for the number of lateral roots (1) and for the relative root length of fine and thick roots (1). The results showed the feasibility of breeding for onions with improved root systems using the interspecific hybrid between A. roylei and A. fistulosum as a genetic source. Some perspectives on the use of cultivars carrying such roots traits in onion organic production are highlighted. MenosA massive amount of synthetic fertilizers is needed to grow onions (Allium cepa L.) due to their meager and inefficient root system. While the sustainability of such high-input systems is being questioned, low-input systems, such as organic agriculture, are gaining ground. For organic agriculture, plants have to be good nutrient scavengers. Therefore, productivity and stability of onion production in organic systems can be problematic. Plant breeding can improve the efficiency of onion roots, but breeding relies on available variation and there was no information about that in onions or in Allium. The aim of
this thesis was to search for variation in root morphology in onion and in its allied species A. fistulosum L., to understand the role this variation could play in organic agriculture and to perform a genetic analysis of root traits. The variation found in root traits in onion was limited, although old onion cultivars had a higher root length density than modern ones. Huge variation was observed between onion and A. fistulosum. A. fistulosum developed substantially more stem-borne and lateral roots and, consequently, a much denser root system. Experiments carried out in an organic farm revealed that onion explored a smaller volume of soil and had a lower root density than A. fistulosum. In addition, onion, contrary to A. fistulosum, showed a reduction in total and fine root density when cultivated in a soil with low nitrogen content. It was also demonstrated that A. fist... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Cultivo orgânico; Variabilidade genética. |
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Thesagro: |
Agricultura Orgânica; Allium Cepa; Allium Fistulosum; Cebola; Cebolinha; Melhoramento; Raiz; Sistema Radicular. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03077nam a2200241 a 4500
001 1773916
005 2003-10-30
008 2003 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aMELO, P. E. de
245 $aThe root systems of onion and Allium fistulosum in the context of organic farming$ba breeding approach.
260 $a2003.$c2003
300 $a127 p.
520 $aA massive amount of synthetic fertilizers is needed to grow onions (Allium cepa L.) due to their meager and inefficient root system. While the sustainability of such high-input systems is being questioned, low-input systems, such as organic agriculture, are gaining ground. For organic agriculture, plants have to be good nutrient scavengers. Therefore, productivity and stability of onion production in organic systems can be problematic. Plant breeding can improve the efficiency of onion roots, but breeding relies on available variation and there was no information about that in onions or in Allium. The aim of this thesis was to search for variation in root morphology in onion and in its allied species A. fistulosum L., to understand the role this variation could play in organic agriculture and to perform a genetic analysis of root traits. The variation found in root traits in onion was limited, although old onion cultivars had a higher root length density than modern ones. Huge variation was observed between onion and A. fistulosum. A. fistulosum developed substantially more stem-borne and lateral roots and, consequently, a much denser root system. Experiments carried out in an organic farm revealed that onion explored a smaller volume of soil and had a lower root density than A. fistulosum. In addition, onion, contrary to A. fistulosum, showed a reduction in total and fine root density when cultivated in a soil with low nitrogen content. It was also demonstrated that A. fistulosum was very responsive to indigenous and inoculated AMF (50 to 60% increase in both shoot biomass and root length). A Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analysis was done on the genetic linkage map of the progeny from the cross A. cepa x (A. roylei x A. fistulosum) to locate some of the genes responsible for the better performance of the A. fistulosum root system. All traits were evaluated in a replicated trial using in vitro cloned plants. QTLs were found for number of bulbs (1) and stem-borne roots (2) and, more interesting for breeding, for the number of lateral roots (1) and for the relative root length of fine and thick roots (1). The results showed the feasibility of breeding for onions with improved root systems using the interspecific hybrid between A. roylei and A. fistulosum as a genetic source. Some perspectives on the use of cultivars carrying such roots traits in onion organic production are highlighted.
650 $aAgricultura Orgânica
650 $aAllium Cepa
650 $aAllium Fistulosum
650 $aCebola
650 $aCebolinha
650 $aMelhoramento
650 $aRaiz
650 $aSistema Radicular
653 $aCultivo orgânico
653 $aVariabilidade genética
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Hortaliças (CNPH) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Florestas. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpf.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
23/11/2017 |
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Data da última atualização: |
23/11/2017 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
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Autoria: |
SIQUEIRA, G. L. de A. de; HORNUNG, P. S.; SILVEIRA, A. C. da; LAZZAROTTO, S. R. da S.; CORDOBA, L. do P.; SCHNITZLER, E.; LAZZAROTTO, M. |
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Afiliação: |
Geisa Liandra de Andrade de Siqueira, UEPG; Polyanna Silveira Hornung, UFPR; Ana Claudia da Silveira, UFPR; Simone Rosa da Silveira Lazzarotto, UEPG; Layse do Prado Cordoba, UFPR; Egon Schnitzler, UEPG; MARCELO LAZZAROTTO, CNPF. |
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Título: |
Impact of treatment with HCL/alcoholic in the modification of corn starch. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2017 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, v. 129, n. 3, p. 1705-1713, Dec. 2017. |
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DOI: |
10.1007/s10973-017-6299-z |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
The physical, chemical, or enzymatic modified starches are well suited for industrial applications. Acid hydrolysis changes the physicochemical properties without impairing the granular structure of starch. The acid hydrolysis in alcoholic solution can recover the granule starches after modification. Starch, the most abundant carbohydrate in grains, roots and tubers, is composed by amylose and amylopectin. Corn starch represents 85% of the global starch market. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soft acid, acid?ethanol and acid methanol solutions, considering its application in the paper industry. One sample remained as native. The other six samples were modified with acid, acid?ethanol and acid? methanol solutions, at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mol L-1 (hydrochloric acid). The acid treatment changed the thermal (TG) and rheological (RVA) properties of the corn starch. The TG/DTG results showed shifted (up to 8 C) stability temperature ranges for the samples treated with a higher concentration of HCl in ethanol and methanol solutions. The RVA results for final viscosity of the treated samples showed an intense reduction of 1405 cP related to the native sample. DSC curves demonstrated that the treatments slightly modified the gelatinization behavior of the starch. The micrographs showed small changes in granules average diameter size after the modification process. Acid hydrolysis did not change the crystalline pattern of corn starch, and its relative crystallinity was slightly affected. According to the results obtained for the acid/alcohol, modified starches present suitable properties for their application in the paper industry. MenosThe physical, chemical, or enzymatic modified starches are well suited for industrial applications. Acid hydrolysis changes the physicochemical properties without impairing the granular structure of starch. The acid hydrolysis in alcoholic solution can recover the granule starches after modification. Starch, the most abundant carbohydrate in grains, roots and tubers, is composed by amylose and amylopectin. Corn starch represents 85% of the global starch market. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soft acid, acid?ethanol and acid methanol solutions, considering its application in the paper industry. One sample remained as native. The other six samples were modified with acid, acid?ethanol and acid? methanol solutions, at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mol L-1 (hydrochloric acid). The acid treatment changed the thermal (TG) and rheological (RVA) properties of the corn starch. The TG/DTG results showed shifted (up to 8 C) stability temperature ranges for the samples treated with a higher concentration of HCl in ethanol and methanol solutions. The RVA results for final viscosity of the treated samples showed an intense reduction of 1405 cP related to the native sample. DSC curves demonstrated that the treatments slightly modified the gelatinization behavior of the starch. The micrographs showed small changes in granules average diameter size after the modification process. Acid hydrolysis did not change the crystalline pattern of corn starch, and its relative cry... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Análise térmica; DSC; RVA; SEM; TG/DTG; XRD. |
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Thesagro: |
Amido; Milho. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Corn starch; Modified starch; Thermal analysis. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
X Pesquisa, Tecnologia e Engenharia |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02617naa a2200337 a 4500
001 2080584
005 2017-11-23
008 2017 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.1007/s10973-017-6299-z$2DOI
100 1 $aSIQUEIRA, G. L. de A. de
245 $aImpact of treatment with HCL/alcoholic in the modification of corn starch.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2017
520 $aThe physical, chemical, or enzymatic modified starches are well suited for industrial applications. Acid hydrolysis changes the physicochemical properties without impairing the granular structure of starch. The acid hydrolysis in alcoholic solution can recover the granule starches after modification. Starch, the most abundant carbohydrate in grains, roots and tubers, is composed by amylose and amylopectin. Corn starch represents 85% of the global starch market. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soft acid, acid?ethanol and acid methanol solutions, considering its application in the paper industry. One sample remained as native. The other six samples were modified with acid, acid?ethanol and acid? methanol solutions, at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mol L-1 (hydrochloric acid). The acid treatment changed the thermal (TG) and rheological (RVA) properties of the corn starch. The TG/DTG results showed shifted (up to 8 C) stability temperature ranges for the samples treated with a higher concentration of HCl in ethanol and methanol solutions. The RVA results for final viscosity of the treated samples showed an intense reduction of 1405 cP related to the native sample. DSC curves demonstrated that the treatments slightly modified the gelatinization behavior of the starch. The micrographs showed small changes in granules average diameter size after the modification process. Acid hydrolysis did not change the crystalline pattern of corn starch, and its relative crystallinity was slightly affected. According to the results obtained for the acid/alcohol, modified starches present suitable properties for their application in the paper industry.
650 $aCorn starch
650 $aModified starch
650 $aThermal analysis
650 $aAmido
650 $aMilho
653 $aAnálise térmica
653 $aDSC
653 $aRVA
653 $aSEM
653 $aTG/DTG
653 $aXRD
700 1 $aHORNUNG, P. S.
700 1 $aSILVEIRA, A. C. da
700 1 $aLAZZAROTTO, S. R. da S.
700 1 $aCORDOBA, L. do P.
700 1 $aSCHNITZLER, E.
700 1 $aLAZZAROTTO, M.
773 $tJournal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry$gv. 129, n. 3, p. 1705-1713, Dec. 2017.
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