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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpaf.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura. |
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Data corrente: |
27/05/2019 |
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Data da última atualização: |
14/02/2020 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
KOHMANN, M. M.; SOLLENBERGER, L. E.; DUBEUX, J. C. B.; SILVEIRA, M. L.; MORENO, L. S. B. |
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Afiliação: |
MARTA M. KOHMANN, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Gainesville-FL; LYNN E. SOLLENBERGER, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Gainesville-FL; JOSE C. B. DUBEUX, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Marianna-FL; MARIA L. SILVEIRA, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Ona-FL; LEONARDO SIMOES DE BARROS MORENO, CNPASA. |
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Título: |
Legume proportion in grassland litter affects decomposition dynamics and nutrient mineralization. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2019 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Agronomy Journal, v. 111, n. 3, p. 1-11, May/June 2019. |
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DOI: |
10.2134/agronj2018.09.0603 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
The impact of legume inclusion on the decomposition of aboveground plant litter in grasslands is not well understood. Our objective was to quantify litter decomposition and nutrient disappearance from ?Pensacola? bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) as affected by N fertilizer or proportion of ?Florigraze? rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) in litter. Five litter treatments (unfertilized bahiagrass [BG], bahiagrass receiving 60 kg N ha?1 [BGN], rhizoma peanut and bahiagrass mixtures in 33?67% and 67?33% proportions [RP33 and RP67, respectively], and pure rhizoma peanut [RP]) were incubated for 128 d during each of 2 yr. Decomposition followed a logistic curve with a linear decay between initial and final lag phases. Litter treatment did not affect decomposition rate, but RP33 litter decomposed to a greater extent than BG (35 and 43% remaining biomass, respectively) due to a longer linear decay period for RP33. At the end of incubation, only 25% of the initial rhizoma peanut component litter mass remained for RP33, whereas 35 and 39% remained for RP67 and RP. Bahiagrass decomposition was not affected by the presence of legume. Bahiagrass monocultures showed δ13C depletion, and all legume-containing treatments showed δ13C enrichment during incubation. After incubation, there was less N in legume litter treatments despite similar chemical characteristics to BGN, indicating that other factors, such as microbial diversity, affected mixture decomposition. Recalcitrance of C and especially N increased during decomposition. We conclude that N return from mixed legume?grass litter is superior to that of unfertilized grass and equal or superior to that of moderately N-fertilized grass. MenosThe impact of legume inclusion on the decomposition of aboveground plant litter in grasslands is not well understood. Our objective was to quantify litter decomposition and nutrient disappearance from ?Pensacola? bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) as affected by N fertilizer or proportion of ?Florigraze? rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) in litter. Five litter treatments (unfertilized bahiagrass [BG], bahiagrass receiving 60 kg N ha?1 [BGN], rhizoma peanut and bahiagrass mixtures in 33?67% and 67?33% proportions [RP33 and RP67, respectively], and pure rhizoma peanut [RP]) were incubated for 128 d during each of 2 yr. Decomposition followed a logistic curve with a linear decay between initial and final lag phases. Litter treatment did not affect decomposition rate, but RP33 litter decomposed to a greater extent than BG (35 and 43% remaining biomass, respectively) due to a longer linear decay period for RP33. At the end of incubation, only 25% of the initial rhizoma peanut component litter mass remained for RP33, whereas 35 and 39% remained for RP67 and RP. Bahiagrass decomposition was not affected by the presence of legume. Bahiagrass monocultures showed δ13C depletion, and all legume-containing treatments showed δ13C enrichment during incubation. After incubation, there was less N in legume litter treatments despite similar chemical characteristics to BGN, indicating that other factors, such as microbial diversity, affected mixture decomposition. Recalcitr... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesagro: |
Legume. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
Grasslands; Legumes; Litter weight; Nitrogen fertilizers; Nutrient availability; Paspalum. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
F Plantas e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02507naa a2200265 a 4500
001 2109319
005 2020-02-14
008 2019 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.2134/agronj2018.09.0603$2DOI
100 1 $aKOHMANN, M. M.
245 $aLegume proportion in grassland litter affects decomposition dynamics and nutrient mineralization.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2019
520 $aThe impact of legume inclusion on the decomposition of aboveground plant litter in grasslands is not well understood. Our objective was to quantify litter decomposition and nutrient disappearance from ?Pensacola? bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) as affected by N fertilizer or proportion of ?Florigraze? rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) in litter. Five litter treatments (unfertilized bahiagrass [BG], bahiagrass receiving 60 kg N ha?1 [BGN], rhizoma peanut and bahiagrass mixtures in 33?67% and 67?33% proportions [RP33 and RP67, respectively], and pure rhizoma peanut [RP]) were incubated for 128 d during each of 2 yr. Decomposition followed a logistic curve with a linear decay between initial and final lag phases. Litter treatment did not affect decomposition rate, but RP33 litter decomposed to a greater extent than BG (35 and 43% remaining biomass, respectively) due to a longer linear decay period for RP33. At the end of incubation, only 25% of the initial rhizoma peanut component litter mass remained for RP33, whereas 35 and 39% remained for RP67 and RP. Bahiagrass decomposition was not affected by the presence of legume. Bahiagrass monocultures showed δ13C depletion, and all legume-containing treatments showed δ13C enrichment during incubation. After incubation, there was less N in legume litter treatments despite similar chemical characteristics to BGN, indicating that other factors, such as microbial diversity, affected mixture decomposition. Recalcitrance of C and especially N increased during decomposition. We conclude that N return from mixed legume?grass litter is superior to that of unfertilized grass and equal or superior to that of moderately N-fertilized grass.
650 $aGrasslands
650 $aLegumes
650 $aLitter weight
650 $aNitrogen fertilizers
650 $aNutrient availability
650 $aPaspalum
650 $aLegume
700 1 $aSOLLENBERGER, L. E.
700 1 $aDUBEUX, J. C. B.
700 1 $aSILVEIRA, M. L.
700 1 $aMORENO, L. S. B.
773 $tAgronomy Journal$gv. 111, n. 3, p. 1-11, May/June 2019.
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Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura (CNPASA) |
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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Suínos e Aves. |
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Data corrente: |
18/11/2020 |
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Data da última atualização: |
18/11/2020 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
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Autoria: |
DALLA COSTA, F. A.; GIBSON, T. J.; OLIVEIRA, S. E. O.; GREGORY, N. G.; COLDEBELLA, A.; FAUCITANO, L.; LUDTKE, C. B.; BUSS, L. P.; DALLA COSTA, O. A. |
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Afiliação: |
FILIPE ANTÔNIO DALLA COSTA, UNESP; TROY J. GIBSON, Royal Veterinary College; STEFFAN EDWARD OCTÁVIO OLIVEIRA, Maneja bem-estar animal; NEVILLE GEORGE GREGORY, Royal Veterinary College; ARLEI COLDEBELLA, CNPSA; LUIGI FAUCITANO, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; CHARLI BEATRIZ LUDTKE, ABCS; LIZIÈ PERÉIRÂ BUSS, MAPA; OSMAR ANTONIO DALLA COSTA, CNPSA. |
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Título: |
Evaluation of physical euthanasia for neonatal piglets on-farm. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2020 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Journal of Animal Science, v. 98, n. 7, 2020. |
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DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa204 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Abstract: Twenty-seven neonate piglets (range from 0.35 to 1.17 kg) were evaluated for the effectiveness of blunt force trauma as a method of on-farm cull. Brainstem function, brain injury and haemorrhage scores (increasing from 0 to 3) were assessed after striking the head against a concrete floor. Electroencephalograms (EEG) from a subset of 15 piglets were recorded prior to and after blunt force trauma for electrophysiological assessments. Blunt force trauma was performed by a single experienced farmer in a commercial farm by holding the piglet by its both hind legs and striking the head against the concrete floor. All piglets remained recumbent and did not show brainstem reflexes. Only one piglet did not presented tonic/clonic physical activity. The mean time to onset of persistent isoelectric EEG was 64.3 ± 7.3 (range 18 ? 115) s. Total power, theta, alpha and beta power decreased to approximately 45%, 30%, 20% and 15% from pre-treatment power, respectively by 15 s post-impact. There were no periods of normal-like EEG after the culling. Bruises in the neck and shoulder were found in 67% and 70% of piglets, respectively. All piglets presented skull fractures with 20% having the nasal bone(s) fractured. Brain damage was found in all piglets, mainly in the frontal lobe(s). The occipital lobe(s) presented the greatest frequency of severe damage. The analysis of the radiographs also found a high frequency of fractures in this region. Haemorrhage was most frequent in the frontal, parietal, occipital lobes and midbrain. When performed correctly with the appropriate weight class, blunt force trauma can be used as an effective method for on-farm killing of nursing piglets resulting in death. However, this method should not be promoted over more reliable and repeatable cull methods such as captive bolt gun (CBG). As with blunt force trauma there is significant potential for animal welfare harm associated with inappropriate practice, lack of accuracy, issues with repeatability and operator fatigue. MenosAbstract: Twenty-seven neonate piglets (range from 0.35 to 1.17 kg) were evaluated for the effectiveness of blunt force trauma as a method of on-farm cull. Brainstem function, brain injury and haemorrhage scores (increasing from 0 to 3) were assessed after striking the head against a concrete floor. Electroencephalograms (EEG) from a subset of 15 piglets were recorded prior to and after blunt force trauma for electrophysiological assessments. Blunt force trauma was performed by a single experienced farmer in a commercial farm by holding the piglet by its both hind legs and striking the head against the concrete floor. All piglets remained recumbent and did not show brainstem reflexes. Only one piglet did not presented tonic/clonic physical activity. The mean time to onset of persistent isoelectric EEG was 64.3 ± 7.3 (range 18 ? 115) s. Total power, theta, alpha and beta power decreased to approximately 45%, 30%, 20% and 15% from pre-treatment power, respectively by 15 s post-impact. There were no periods of normal-like EEG after the culling. Bruises in the neck and shoulder were found in 67% and 70% of piglets, respectively. All piglets presented skull fractures with 20% having the nasal bone(s) fractured. Brain damage was found in all piglets, mainly in the frontal lobe(s). The occipital lobe(s) presented the greatest frequency of severe damage. The analysis of the radiographs also found a high frequency of fractures in this region. Haemorrhage was most frequent in the fron... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Bem-estar animal; Brain injury; EEG; Electroencephalogram; Eletroencefalograma; Eutanásia; Killing; Lesão cerebral; Matança. |
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Thesagro: |
Abate; Leitão. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Animal welfare; Culling (animals); Piglets. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03093naa a2200397 a 4500
001 2126745
005 2020-11-18
008 2020 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttps://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa204$2DOI
100 1 $aDALLA COSTA, F. A.
245 $aEvaluation of physical euthanasia for neonatal piglets on-farm.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2020
520 $aAbstract: Twenty-seven neonate piglets (range from 0.35 to 1.17 kg) were evaluated for the effectiveness of blunt force trauma as a method of on-farm cull. Brainstem function, brain injury and haemorrhage scores (increasing from 0 to 3) were assessed after striking the head against a concrete floor. Electroencephalograms (EEG) from a subset of 15 piglets were recorded prior to and after blunt force trauma for electrophysiological assessments. Blunt force trauma was performed by a single experienced farmer in a commercial farm by holding the piglet by its both hind legs and striking the head against the concrete floor. All piglets remained recumbent and did not show brainstem reflexes. Only one piglet did not presented tonic/clonic physical activity. The mean time to onset of persistent isoelectric EEG was 64.3 ± 7.3 (range 18 ? 115) s. Total power, theta, alpha and beta power decreased to approximately 45%, 30%, 20% and 15% from pre-treatment power, respectively by 15 s post-impact. There were no periods of normal-like EEG after the culling. Bruises in the neck and shoulder were found in 67% and 70% of piglets, respectively. All piglets presented skull fractures with 20% having the nasal bone(s) fractured. Brain damage was found in all piglets, mainly in the frontal lobe(s). The occipital lobe(s) presented the greatest frequency of severe damage. The analysis of the radiographs also found a high frequency of fractures in this region. Haemorrhage was most frequent in the frontal, parietal, occipital lobes and midbrain. When performed correctly with the appropriate weight class, blunt force trauma can be used as an effective method for on-farm killing of nursing piglets resulting in death. However, this method should not be promoted over more reliable and repeatable cull methods such as captive bolt gun (CBG). As with blunt force trauma there is significant potential for animal welfare harm associated with inappropriate practice, lack of accuracy, issues with repeatability and operator fatigue.
650 $aAnimal welfare
650 $aCulling (animals)
650 $aPiglets
650 $aAbate
650 $aLeitão
653 $aBem-estar animal
653 $aBrain injury
653 $aEEG
653 $aElectroencephalogram
653 $aEletroencefalograma
653 $aEutanásia
653 $aKilling
653 $aLesão cerebral
653 $aMatança
700 1 $aGIBSON, T. J.
700 1 $aOLIVEIRA, S. E. O.
700 1 $aGREGORY, N. G.
700 1 $aCOLDEBELLA, A.
700 1 $aFAUCITANO, L.
700 1 $aLUDTKE, C. B.
700 1 $aBUSS, L. P.
700 1 $aDALLA COSTA, O. A.
773 $tJournal of Animal Science$gv. 98, n. 7, 2020.
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