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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Cerrados. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cpac.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Cerrados. |
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Data corrente: |
05/01/2016 |
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Data da última atualização: |
07/01/2016 |
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Autoria: |
EBERHARDT, D. N. |
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Afiliação: |
Diogo Néia Eberhardt, Universidade de São Paulo. |
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Título: |
Phosphorus use efficiency in conservation agricultural system: impact of organic restitution. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2012 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
2012. |
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Páginas: |
89 f. |
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Idioma: |
Português |
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Notas: |
Thesis (Doctor in Soils and Plant Nutrition) - Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba. Advisor: Takashi Muraoka. |
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Conteúdo: |
Abstract - The tropical savannas cover an area of approximately 1,900 million ha second biome of Brazil. Phosphorus (P) is frequently a major or even the prime limiting factor for plant growth in the subtropical and tropical regions (highly weathered soils). Small-scale farming systems are fairly representative in Brazil, accounting for approximately 84.4% of Brazilian agriculture establishments and the conventional tillage being the common practice in the systems. The objective of this work was to study the dynamics of P in an agronomic experiment located in the Cerrado region, on the efficient use of P in conservation agricultural system: i) assessing soil spatial fertility variability of P, Ca, Mg, K and pH; ii) the C and P stock; and iii) characterizing of species of P by 31P-NMR spectroscopy. The area of study is located at Cerrado biome (Brazilian neotropical savannas) in a clayey Oxisol classified as Haplic Ferralsol. The treatments are characterized by different agricultural practices (conventional tillage - CT; and no-tillage - NT), and the presence or not of cover crops (Brachiaria ruziziensis - a grass specie and Cajanus cajan - a leguminous specie) with maize (Zea mays). In the study of spatial variability the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and geostatistics. The semivariograms were computed according to the spherical model for pH H2O, pH CaCl2, K, LogK, Ca and Mg. P and LogP were modeled using a nugget effect model. Even ~20 years after deforestation the spatial distribution of pH H2O, pH CaCl2, Ca, Mg and exchangeable K is influenced by the wood windrow burning that took place during deforestation. The spatial distribution of P was not affected by the windrow woods burning. In the study conducted to improve the understanding of the conservation agriculture impact in small-scale farming systems on soil C and P stocks in the 0-40 cm layer due to its importance in agrosystem management. The C stocks (up to 40 cm depth) in NT and MCr treatments were significantly superior. The P stocks varied between 0.63 and 0.91 t ha-1 and were not significantly different among the treatments. No-till treatment and MCr treatments were the only ones that showed gains carbon, where the accumulation was 2.67 and 2.91 t C ha-1 year-1, respectively. The highlight of MCr treatment shows the important role of legumes in carbon sequestering. In the study of soil organic P aiming to determine how the amounts and forms of organic phosphorus vary according to the tillage systems and cover crops used. The Po (PMonoester and PDiester) values determined by NMR were not different among the treatments. The levels of Po were higher than 59% of the total content of POlsen and the main changes in relation to P occurred in the topsoil. The values show that Po does not change (PMonoester and PDiester) among the treatments. The maintenance of the Po levels, no accumulation and loss, suggests that the availability of P is not necessarily linked to accumulation, but to the increase of fluxes between active pools. Resumo - As savanas tropicais cobrem uma área de cerca de 1.900 milhões ha sendo o segundo bioma do Brasil. O fósforo (P) é frequentemente um grande ou mesmo o principal fator limitante no crescimento das plantas nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais (solos altamente intemperizados). Os sistemas agrícolas de pequena escala (agricultura familiar) são bastante representativos no Brasil, representando cerca de 85% dos estabelecimentos agropecuários e tendo como principal prática o preparo convencional do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a dinâmica do P em um experimento agronômico localizado na região do Cerrado, sobre o uso eficiente do P em sistema agrícola conservacionista: i) a avaliação da variabilidade espacial da fertilidade do solo de P, Ca, Mg, K e pH ii) o estoque de C e P, e iii) a caracterização das espécies de P por 31P-RMN. A área de estudo está localizada no bioma Cerrado em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico argiloso. Os tratamentos são caracterizados por diferentes práticas agrícolas (preparo convencional - CT e plantio direto - NT), e a presença ou não de plantas de cobertura (Brachiaria ruziziensis e Cajanus cajan) com milho (Zea mays). No estudo da variabilidade espacial os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e geoestatística. Os semivariogramas foram calculados de acordo com o modelo esférico para pH H2O, pH CaCl2, K, logK, Ca e Mg. O P e LogP foram modelados usando um modelo de efeito pepita. Mesmo após ~ 20 anos do desmatamento, a distribuição espacial do pH H2O, pH CaCl2, Ca, Mg e K foi influenciada pela queima de madeira em leiras. A distribuição espacial de P não foi afetada pela queima da madeira em leira. No estudo realizado para melhorar a compreensão do impacto da agricultura conservacionista em sistemas agrícolas de pequena escala sobre os estoques de C e P no solo, na camada de 0-40 cm, os estoques de C nos tratamentos NT e MCr (milho + C. Cajan na linha) foram significativamente superiores. Os estoques de P variou entre 0,63 e 0,91 t ha-1 e não foram significativamente diferentes entre os tratamentos. O plantio e MCr foram os únicos tratamentos que apresentaram ganhos de carbono, onde o acúmulo foi de 2,67 e 2,91 t C ha-1 ano-1, respectivamente. O tratamento MCr mostra o importante papel das leguminosas no sequestro de carbono. No estudo do fósforo orgânico (Po) do solo com o objetivo de determinar como os teores e formas de Po variam de acordo com os sistemas de preparo e plantas de cobertura utilizadas. Os teores de Po (PMonoester e PDiester) determinados por RMN não foram diferentes entre os tratamentos. Os níveis de Po foram superiores a 59% do total do POlsen extraído e as principais alterações em relação ao PoOlsen ocorreu na camada superficial do solo. O Po (PMonoester e PDiester) determinado pela RMN não alterou entre os tratamentos. A manutenção dos níveis de Po sugere que a disponibilidade de P não está necessariamente ligada à sua acumulação, mas ao aumento dos fluxos entre as formas disponíveis (grupos ativos). MenosAbstract - The tropical savannas cover an area of approximately 1,900 million ha second biome of Brazil. Phosphorus (P) is frequently a major or even the prime limiting factor for plant growth in the subtropical and tropical regions (highly weathered soils). Small-scale farming systems are fairly representative in Brazil, accounting for approximately 84.4% of Brazilian agriculture establishments and the conventional tillage being the common practice in the systems. The objective of this work was to study the dynamics of P in an agronomic experiment located in the Cerrado region, on the efficient use of P in conservation agricultural system: i) assessing soil spatial fertility variability of P, Ca, Mg, K and pH; ii) the C and P stock; and iii) characterizing of species of P by 31P-NMR spectroscopy. The area of study is located at Cerrado biome (Brazilian neotropical savannas) in a clayey Oxisol classified as Haplic Ferralsol. The treatments are characterized by different agricultural practices (conventional tillage - CT; and no-tillage - NT), and the presence or not of cover crops (Brachiaria ruziziensis - a grass specie and Cajanus cajan - a leguminous specie) with maize (Zea mays). In the study of spatial variability the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and geostatistics. The semivariograms were computed according to the spherical model for pH H2O, pH CaCl2, K, LogK, Ca and Mg. P and LogP were modeled using a nugget effect model. Even ~20 years after deforestati... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Agricultura conservacionista; Ash; Biodisponibilidade; Conservation system; Family farmers; Fire; Fósforo orgânico; Organic phosphorus; Phosphorus storage. |
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Thesagro: |
Adubo; Adubo verde; Biofertilizante; Cerrado; Cinza; Fertilidade do solo; Resíduo sólido. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
bioavailability; Carbon sequestration; Cover crops; Green manures; Oxisols; Soil fertility. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
F Plantas e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
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Marc: |
LEADER 07294nam a2200397 a 4500
001 2032954
005 2016-01-07
008 2012 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aEBERHARDT, D. N.
245 $aPhosphorus use efficiency in conservation agricultural system$bimpact of organic restitution.
260 $a2012.$c2012
300 $a89 f.
500 $aThesis (Doctor in Soils and Plant Nutrition) - Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba. Advisor: Takashi Muraoka.
520 $aAbstract - The tropical savannas cover an area of approximately 1,900 million ha second biome of Brazil. Phosphorus (P) is frequently a major or even the prime limiting factor for plant growth in the subtropical and tropical regions (highly weathered soils). Small-scale farming systems are fairly representative in Brazil, accounting for approximately 84.4% of Brazilian agriculture establishments and the conventional tillage being the common practice in the systems. The objective of this work was to study the dynamics of P in an agronomic experiment located in the Cerrado region, on the efficient use of P in conservation agricultural system: i) assessing soil spatial fertility variability of P, Ca, Mg, K and pH; ii) the C and P stock; and iii) characterizing of species of P by 31P-NMR spectroscopy. The area of study is located at Cerrado biome (Brazilian neotropical savannas) in a clayey Oxisol classified as Haplic Ferralsol. The treatments are characterized by different agricultural practices (conventional tillage - CT; and no-tillage - NT), and the presence or not of cover crops (Brachiaria ruziziensis - a grass specie and Cajanus cajan - a leguminous specie) with maize (Zea mays). In the study of spatial variability the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and geostatistics. The semivariograms were computed according to the spherical model for pH H2O, pH CaCl2, K, LogK, Ca and Mg. P and LogP were modeled using a nugget effect model. Even ~20 years after deforestation the spatial distribution of pH H2O, pH CaCl2, Ca, Mg and exchangeable K is influenced by the wood windrow burning that took place during deforestation. The spatial distribution of P was not affected by the windrow woods burning. In the study conducted to improve the understanding of the conservation agriculture impact in small-scale farming systems on soil C and P stocks in the 0-40 cm layer due to its importance in agrosystem management. The C stocks (up to 40 cm depth) in NT and MCr treatments were significantly superior. The P stocks varied between 0.63 and 0.91 t ha-1 and were not significantly different among the treatments. No-till treatment and MCr treatments were the only ones that showed gains carbon, where the accumulation was 2.67 and 2.91 t C ha-1 year-1, respectively. The highlight of MCr treatment shows the important role of legumes in carbon sequestering. In the study of soil organic P aiming to determine how the amounts and forms of organic phosphorus vary according to the tillage systems and cover crops used. The Po (PMonoester and PDiester) values determined by NMR were not different among the treatments. The levels of Po were higher than 59% of the total content of POlsen and the main changes in relation to P occurred in the topsoil. The values show that Po does not change (PMonoester and PDiester) among the treatments. The maintenance of the Po levels, no accumulation and loss, suggests that the availability of P is not necessarily linked to accumulation, but to the increase of fluxes between active pools. Resumo - As savanas tropicais cobrem uma área de cerca de 1.900 milhões ha sendo o segundo bioma do Brasil. O fósforo (P) é frequentemente um grande ou mesmo o principal fator limitante no crescimento das plantas nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais (solos altamente intemperizados). Os sistemas agrícolas de pequena escala (agricultura familiar) são bastante representativos no Brasil, representando cerca de 85% dos estabelecimentos agropecuários e tendo como principal prática o preparo convencional do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a dinâmica do P em um experimento agronômico localizado na região do Cerrado, sobre o uso eficiente do P em sistema agrícola conservacionista: i) a avaliação da variabilidade espacial da fertilidade do solo de P, Ca, Mg, K e pH ii) o estoque de C e P, e iii) a caracterização das espécies de P por 31P-RMN. A área de estudo está localizada no bioma Cerrado em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico argiloso. Os tratamentos são caracterizados por diferentes práticas agrícolas (preparo convencional - CT e plantio direto - NT), e a presença ou não de plantas de cobertura (Brachiaria ruziziensis e Cajanus cajan) com milho (Zea mays). No estudo da variabilidade espacial os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e geoestatística. Os semivariogramas foram calculados de acordo com o modelo esférico para pH H2O, pH CaCl2, K, logK, Ca e Mg. O P e LogP foram modelados usando um modelo de efeito pepita. Mesmo após ~ 20 anos do desmatamento, a distribuição espacial do pH H2O, pH CaCl2, Ca, Mg e K foi influenciada pela queima de madeira em leiras. A distribuição espacial de P não foi afetada pela queima da madeira em leira. No estudo realizado para melhorar a compreensão do impacto da agricultura conservacionista em sistemas agrícolas de pequena escala sobre os estoques de C e P no solo, na camada de 0-40 cm, os estoques de C nos tratamentos NT e MCr (milho + C. Cajan na linha) foram significativamente superiores. Os estoques de P variou entre 0,63 e 0,91 t ha-1 e não foram significativamente diferentes entre os tratamentos. O plantio e MCr foram os únicos tratamentos que apresentaram ganhos de carbono, onde o acúmulo foi de 2,67 e 2,91 t C ha-1 ano-1, respectivamente. O tratamento MCr mostra o importante papel das leguminosas no sequestro de carbono. No estudo do fósforo orgânico (Po) do solo com o objetivo de determinar como os teores e formas de Po variam de acordo com os sistemas de preparo e plantas de cobertura utilizadas. Os teores de Po (PMonoester e PDiester) determinados por RMN não foram diferentes entre os tratamentos. Os níveis de Po foram superiores a 59% do total do POlsen extraído e as principais alterações em relação ao PoOlsen ocorreu na camada superficial do solo. O Po (PMonoester e PDiester) determinado pela RMN não alterou entre os tratamentos. A manutenção dos níveis de Po sugere que a disponibilidade de P não está necessariamente ligada à sua acumulação, mas ao aumento dos fluxos entre as formas disponíveis (grupos ativos).
650 $abioavailability
650 $aCarbon sequestration
650 $aCover crops
650 $aGreen manures
650 $aOxisols
650 $aSoil fertility
650 $aAdubo
650 $aAdubo verde
650 $aBiofertilizante
650 $aCerrado
650 $aCinza
650 $aFertilidade do solo
650 $aResíduo sólido
653 $aAgricultura conservacionista
653 $aAsh
653 $aBiodisponibilidade
653 $aConservation system
653 $aFamily farmers
653 $aFire
653 $aFósforo orgânico
653 $aOrganic phosphorus
653 $aPhosphorus storage
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Cerrados (CPAC) |
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Registro |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia. |
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Data corrente: |
06/03/2017 |
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Data da última atualização: |
29/03/2023 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
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Autoria: |
SANTOS, R. C. dos; SILVA, C. R. C. da; SOARES, T. da C; CAVALCANTI, J. J. V.; LIMA, L. M. de; MARTINS, E. S.; MONNERAT, R. |
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Afiliação: |
ROSEANE CAVALCANTI DOS SANTOS, CNPA; CARLIANE REBECA COELHO da SILVA, UFRPE; TAÍZA da CUNHA SOARES, UFRPE; JOSE JAIME VASCONCELOS CAVALCANTI, CNPA; LIZIANE MARIA DE LIMA, CNPA; ÉRICA SOARES MARTINS, Cenargen; ROSE GOMES MONNERAT SOLON DE PONTES, Cenargen. |
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Título: |
Relative expression of CRy10 in GM cotton lines resistant to boll weevil. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2016 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: ENCONTRO DE GENÉTICA DO NORDESTE, 21., 2016, Recife. Anais... Ribeirão Preto: SBG; Recife: UFPE: UFRPE: UPE, 2016. p. 87. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) is a serious pest of cotton crop in several parts of world. The control is done by synthetic pesticides that increase the management costs. Embrapa coordinates an important research involving development of GM cotton resistant to boll weevil, by genetic transformation. Seven line (T0-8H) containing a Btcry 10 have been identified by feeding bioassays and ELISA, which showed reasonable toxicity against adult boll weevils. In this work, these lines were used in order to estimate the presence and relative expression of cry 10 by PCR and RT-qPCR, respectively, from young buds of 50d-plants. RT-qPCR assays were performed, by using Syber Green Rox Plus Master Mix 2X (LGC). Three endogenous cotton gene (GhACT, GhUBQ14 and GhPP2A) were used as a standard control. At first, 95°C/15 min and 40 cycles of 95°C/ 20 sec, 60°C/ 20 sec and 72°C/ 20 sec. Then, a curve of denaturation (melting curve) was performed after conclusion of amplification, at 95°C/15 sec, 60°C/15 sec, rising 2°/min until reaching 95°C. All reactions were carried out with experimental and biological replications. The threshold cycle (Ct) and PCR efficiency was estimated by Real-time PCR Miner program. The analyses were performed by using qBASEPlus program. Graphics, Cqs and Melt curve were automatically generated, based on the normalization method with a reference gene, ??Cq. Varied levels of expression were found in GM lines, too low in 8H-269 and 8H-357, mid in 8H-282 and 8H-346 and high in 8H- 336 (14x). These data agreed with previous results obtained by ELISA assays. Eleven lines derivate from 8H-336 (T1) were analyzed by PCR assays with genomic DNA, using 2 primer combinations. More than 50% showed amplicons confirming the presence of gene in selected lines. Taking in account that a reasonable level of resistance should overcoming 2 ug of protein/g tissue, we suggested that 8H-366 is the best genotype for control the cotton boll weevil. This material will be further advanced for entomological assays with larvae and adults of boll weevil. MenosBoll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) is a serious pest of cotton crop in several parts of world. The control is done by synthetic pesticides that increase the management costs. Embrapa coordinates an important research involving development of GM cotton resistant to boll weevil, by genetic transformation. Seven line (T0-8H) containing a Btcry 10 have been identified by feeding bioassays and ELISA, which showed reasonable toxicity against adult boll weevils. In this work, these lines were used in order to estimate the presence and relative expression of cry 10 by PCR and RT-qPCR, respectively, from young buds of 50d-plants. RT-qPCR assays were performed, by using Syber Green Rox Plus Master Mix 2X (LGC). Three endogenous cotton gene (GhACT, GhUBQ14 and GhPP2A) were used as a standard control. At first, 95°C/15 min and 40 cycles of 95°C/ 20 sec, 60°C/ 20 sec and 72°C/ 20 sec. Then, a curve of denaturation (melting curve) was performed after conclusion of amplification, at 95°C/15 sec, 60°C/15 sec, rising 2°/min until reaching 95°C. All reactions were carried out with experimental and biological replications. The threshold cycle (Ct) and PCR efficiency was estimated by Real-time PCR Miner program. The analyses were performed by using qBASEPlus program. Graphics, Cqs and Melt curve were automatically generated, based on the normalization method with a reference gene, ??Cq. Varied levels of expression were found in GM lines, too low in 8H-269 and 8H-357, mid in 8H-282 and 8H-346 and ... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Boll weevil. |
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Thesagro: |
Algodão; Anthonomus Grandis; Bicudo. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Cotton. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/157044/1/Relative-expression-of-Cry10.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 02841nam a2200241 a 4500
001 2066203
005 2023-03-29
008 2016 bl uuuu u01u1 u #d
100 1 $aSANTOS, R. C. dos
245 $aRelative expression of CRy10 in GM cotton lines resistant to boll weevil.$h[electronic resource]
260 $aIn: ENCONTRO DE GENÉTICA DO NORDESTE, 21., 2016, Recife. Anais... Ribeirão Preto: SBG; Recife: UFPE: UFRPE: UPE, 2016. p. 87.$c2016
520 $aBoll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) is a serious pest of cotton crop in several parts of world. The control is done by synthetic pesticides that increase the management costs. Embrapa coordinates an important research involving development of GM cotton resistant to boll weevil, by genetic transformation. Seven line (T0-8H) containing a Btcry 10 have been identified by feeding bioassays and ELISA, which showed reasonable toxicity against adult boll weevils. In this work, these lines were used in order to estimate the presence and relative expression of cry 10 by PCR and RT-qPCR, respectively, from young buds of 50d-plants. RT-qPCR assays were performed, by using Syber Green Rox Plus Master Mix 2X (LGC). Three endogenous cotton gene (GhACT, GhUBQ14 and GhPP2A) were used as a standard control. At first, 95°C/15 min and 40 cycles of 95°C/ 20 sec, 60°C/ 20 sec and 72°C/ 20 sec. Then, a curve of denaturation (melting curve) was performed after conclusion of amplification, at 95°C/15 sec, 60°C/15 sec, rising 2°/min until reaching 95°C. All reactions were carried out with experimental and biological replications. The threshold cycle (Ct) and PCR efficiency was estimated by Real-time PCR Miner program. The analyses were performed by using qBASEPlus program. Graphics, Cqs and Melt curve were automatically generated, based on the normalization method with a reference gene, ??Cq. Varied levels of expression were found in GM lines, too low in 8H-269 and 8H-357, mid in 8H-282 and 8H-346 and high in 8H- 336 (14x). These data agreed with previous results obtained by ELISA assays. Eleven lines derivate from 8H-336 (T1) were analyzed by PCR assays with genomic DNA, using 2 primer combinations. More than 50% showed amplicons confirming the presence of gene in selected lines. Taking in account that a reasonable level of resistance should overcoming 2 ug of protein/g tissue, we suggested that 8H-366 is the best genotype for control the cotton boll weevil. This material will be further advanced for entomological assays with larvae and adults of boll weevil.
650 $aCotton
650 $aAlgodão
650 $aAnthonomus Grandis
650 $aBicudo
653 $aBoll weevil
700 1 $aSILVA, C. R. C. da
700 1 $aSOARES, T. da C
700 1 $aCAVALCANTI, J. J. V.
700 1 $aLIMA, L. M. de
700 1 $aMARTINS, E. S.
700 1 $aMONNERAT, R.
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