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| Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpms.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo |
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. |
Data corrente: |
13/12/2023 |
Data da última atualização: |
29/01/2024 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
Autoria: |
HYDE, K. D.; ABDEL-WAHAB, M. A.; ABDOLLAHZADEH, J.; ABEYWICKRAMA, P. D.; ABSALAN, S.; AFSHARI, N.; AINSWORTH, A. M.; AKULOV, O. Y.; ALEOSHIN, V. V.; AL-SADI, A. M.; ALVARADO, P.; ALVES, A.; ALVES-SILVA, G.; AMALFI, M.; AMIRA, Y.; AMUHENAGE, T. B.; ANDERSON, J. L.; ANTONÍN, V.; AOUALI, S.; APTROOT, A.; APURILLO, C. C. S.; ARAÚJO, J. P. M.; ARIYAWANSA, H. A.; ARMAND, A.; ARUMUGAM, E.; ASGHARI, R.; ASSIS, D. M. A.; ATIENZA, V.; AVASTHI, S.; AZEVEDO, E.; BAHKALI, A. H.; BAKHSHI, M.; BANIHASHEMI, Z.; BAO, D. F.; BARAL, H. O.; BARATA, M.; BARBOSA, F. R.; BARBOSA, R. N.; BARRETO, R. W.; BASCHIEN, C.; BELAMESIATSEVA, D. B.; BENNETT REUEL, M.; BERA, I.; BEZERRA, J. D. P.; BEZERRA, J. L.; BHAT, D. J.; BHUNJUN, C. S.; BIANCHINOTTI, M. V.; BŁASZKOWSKI, J.; BLONDELLE, A.; BOEKHOUT, T.; BONITO, G.; BOONMEE, S.; BOONYUEN, N.; BREGANT, C.; BUCHANAN, P.; BUNDHUN, D.; BURGAUD, G.; BURGESS, T.; BUYCK, B.; CABARROI-HERNÁNDEZ, M.; CÁCERES, M. E. S.; CAEIRO, M. F.; CAI, L.; CAI, M. F.; CALABON, M. S.; CALAÇA, F. J. S.; CALLALLI, M.; CAMARA, M. P. S.; CANO-LIRA, J. F.; CANTILLO, T.; CAO, B.; CARLAVILLA, J. R.; CARVALHO, A.; CASTAÑEDA-RUIZ, R. F.; CASTLEBURY, L.; CASTRO-JAUREGUI, O.; CATANIA, M. D. V.; CAVALCANTI, L. H.; CAZABONNE, J.; CEDEÑO-SANCHEZ, M. L.; CHAHARMIRI-DOKHAHARANI, S.; CHAIWAN, N.; CHAKRABORTY, N.; CHAVERRI, P.; CHEEWANGKOON, R.; CHEN, C.; CHEN, C. Y.; CHEN, K. H.; CHEN, J.; CHEN, Q.; CHEN, W. H.; CHEN, Y. P.; CHETHANA, K. W. T.; COLEINE, C.; CONDÉ, T. O.; CORAZON-GUIVIN, M. A.; CORTÉS-PÉREZ, A.; COSTA-REZENDE, D. H.; COURTECUISSE, R.; CROUCH, J. A.; CROUS, P. W.; CUI, B. K.; CUI, Y. Y.; SILVA, D. K. A. da; SILVA, G. A. da; SILVA, I. R. da; SILVA, R. M. F. da; SILVA SANTOS, A. C. da; DAI, D. Q.; DAY, Y. C.; DAMM, U.; DARMOSTUK, V.; DAROODI ZOHA; DAS, K.; DAS, K.; DAVOODIAN, N.; DAVYDOV, E. A.; DAYARATHNE, M. C.; DECOCK, C.; DE GROOT, M. D.; DE KESEL, A.; DELA CRUZ, T. E. E.; DE LANGE, R.; DELGADO, G.; DENCHEV, C. M.; DENCHEV, T. T.; OLIVEIRA, N. T. de; SILVA, N. T. de; SOUZA, F. A. de; DENTINGER, B.; DEVADATHA, B.; DIANESE, J. C.; DIMA, B.; DINIZ, A. G.; DISSANAYAKE, A. J.; DISSANAYAKE, L. S.; DOĞAN, H. H.; DOILOM, M.; DOLATABADI, S.; DONG, W.; DONG, Z. Y.; SANTOS, L. A. dos; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, E. R.; DU, T. Y.; DUBEY, M. K.; DUTTA, A. K.; EGIDI, E.; ELLIOTT, T. F.; ELSHAHED, M. S.; ERDOĞDU, M.; ERTZ, D.; ETAYO, J.; EVANS, H. C.; FAN, X. L.; FAN, Y. G.; FEDOSOVA, A. G.; FELL, J.; FERNANDES, I.; FIRMINO, A. L.; FIUZA, P. O.; FLAKUS, A.; SOUZA, C. A. F. de; FRISVAD, J. C.; FRYAR, A. C.; GABALDÓN, T.; GAJANAYAKE, A. J.; GALINDO, L. J.; GANNIBAL, P. B.; GARCIA, D.; GARCÍA-SANDOVAL, S. R.; GARRIDO-BENAVENT, I.; GARZOLI, L.; GAUTAM, A. K.; GE, Z. W.; GENÉ, D. J.; GENTEKAKI, E.; GHOBAD-NEJHAD, M.; GIACHINI, A. J.; GIBERTONI, T. B.; GÓES-NETO, A.; GOMDOLA, D.; FARIAS, A. R. G. de. |
Afiliação: |
QUJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY; SOHAG UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSITY OF KURDISTAN; BEIJING ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY SCIENCES; CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY; CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY; ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS OF KEW; KHARKIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY; LOMONOSOV MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY; SULTAN QABOOS UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSITY OF AVEIRO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA; MEISE BOTANIC GARDEN; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES; MORAVIAN MUSEUM; ALGERIAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN; NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSITAT DE VALÈNCIA; JIWAJI UNIVERSITY GWALIOR; UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA; KING SAUD UNIVERSITY; IRANIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF PLANT PROTECTION; SHIRAZ UNIVERSITY; DALI UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA; LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE DSMZ-GERMAN COLLECTION OF MICROORGANISMS AND CELL CULTURES; KUPREVICH INSTITUTE OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY; UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIAS; UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE SANTA CRUZ; KING SAUD UNIVERSITY; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL SUR; WEST POMERANIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN SZCZECIN; GHENT UNIVERSITY; KING SAUD UNIVERSITY; MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AGENCY; UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA; MANAAKI WHENUA-LANDCARE RESEARCH; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSITÉ DE BRETAGNE OCCIDENTALE; HARRY BUTLER INSTITUTE; INSTITUT DE SYSTÉMATIQUE, EVOLUTION, BIODIVERSITÉ; UNIVERSITY OF GUADALAJARA; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SERGIPE; UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA; CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES VISAYAS; UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE GOIÁS; UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DE PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSITY ROVIRA I VIRGILI; UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA; CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; UNIVERSIDAD DE ALCALA; UNIVERSITY OF MINHO; INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES DE SANIDAD VEGETAL; US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE; UNIVERSITY OF GUADALAJARA; FUNDACIÓN MIGUEL LILLO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL; TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT BRAUNSCHWEIG; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSIT; CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA; BOWIE STATE UNIVERSITY; CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; NATIONAL CHUNG HSING UNIVERSITY; ACADEMIA SINICA; UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE HUATUSCO; CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE; UNIVERSITY OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSITY OF TUSCIA; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA; UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE SANTA CRUZ; UNIVERSITY OF GUADALAJARA; UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA; UNIVERSITÉ DE LILLE; UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE; WESTERDIJK FUNGAL BIODIVERSITY INSTITUTE; BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY; CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO; QUJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY; BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY; SENCKENBERG MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY GÖRLITZ; W. SZAFER INSTITUTE OF BOTANY; DAROODI ZOHA, FERDOWSI UNIVERSITY OF MASHHAD; BOTANICAL SURVEY OF INDIA; KYUNGPOOK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY; ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS VICTORIA; ALTAI STATE UNIVERSITY; POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE; MYCOTHÈQUE DE L’UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN; GHENT UNIVERSITY; MEISE BOTANIC GARDEN; UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS; GHENT UNIVERSITY; BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PERNAMBUCO; CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY; FRANCISCO ADRIANO DE SOUZA, CNPMS; UNIVERSITY OF UTAH; CSIR-INSTITUTE OF MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY; UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA; EÖTVÖS LORÁND UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSITY OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA; GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY; SELCUK UNIVERSITY; ZHONGKAI UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING; HAKIM SABZEVARI UNIVERSITY; ZHONGKAI UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING; ZHONGKAI UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SERGIPE; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA; QUJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY; CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY; GAUHATI UNIVERSITY; HAWKESBURY INSTITUTE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT; UNIVERSITY OF NEW ENGLAND; OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY; KIRŞEHIR AHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY; MEISE BOTANIC GARDEN; CABI; BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY; HAINAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY; KOMAROV BOTANICAL INSTITUTE; UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI; UNIVERSITY OF MINHO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE UBERLÂNDIA; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE; POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AGRESTE DE PERNAMBUCO; TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK; FLINDERS UNIVERSITY; BARCELONA SUPERCOMPUTING CENTRE; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD; UNIVERSITY OF TYUMEN; UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI; UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO; UNIVERSITAT DE VALÈNCIA; NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL; PATANJALI RESEARCH INSTITUTE; KUNMING INSTITUTE OF BOTANY; UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; IRANIAN RESEARCH ORGANIZATION FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY; MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY. |
Título: |
Global consortium for the classification of fungi and fungus-like taxa. |
Ano de publicação: |
2023 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
Mycosphere, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1960–2012, 2023. |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
The Global Consortium for the Classification of Fungi and fungus-like taxa is an international initiative of more than 550 mycologists to develop an electronic structure for the classification of these organisms. The members of the Consortium originate from 55 countries/regions worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, and include senior, mid-career and early-career mycologists and plant pathologists. The Consortium will publish a biannual update of the Outline of Fungi and funguslike taxa, to act as an international scheme for other scientists. Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, ‘to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation’, or ‘are there too many genera in the Boletales?’ and even more importantly, ‘what should be done with the tremendously diverse ‘dark fungal taxa?’ There are undeniable differences in mycologists’ perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims to provide a platform to better refine and stabilise fungal classification, taking into consideration views from different parties. In the future, a confidential voting system will be set up to gauge the opinions of all mycologists in the Consortium on important topics. The results of such surveys will be presented to the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) and the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF) with opinions and percentages of votes for and against. Criticisms based on scientific evidence with regards to nomenclature, classifications, and taxonomic concepts will be welcomed, and any recommendations on specific taxonomic issues will also be encouraged; however, we will encourage professionally and ethically responsible criticisms of others’ work. This biannual ongoing project will provide an outlet for advances in various topics of fungal classification, nomenclature, and taxonomic concepts and lead to a community-agreed classification scheme for the fungi and fungus-like taxa. Interested parties should contact the lead author if they would like to be involved in future outlines. MenosThe Global Consortium for the Classification of Fungi and fungus-like taxa is an international initiative of more than 550 mycologists to develop an electronic structure for the classification of these organisms. The members of the Consortium originate from 55 countries/regions worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, and include senior, mid-career and early-career mycologists and plant pathologists. The Consortium will publish a biannual update of the Outline of Fungi and funguslike taxa, to act as an international scheme for other scientists. Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, ‘to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation’, or ‘are there too many genera in the Boletales?’ and even more importantly, ‘what should be done with the tremendously diverse ‘dark fungal taxa?’ There are undeniable differences in mycologists’ perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims t... Mostrar Tudo |
Thesagro: |
Fungo; Nomenclatura; Taxonomia. |
Categoria do assunto: |
V Taxonomia de Organismos |
Marc: |
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Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, ‘to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation’, or ‘are there too many genera in the Boletales?’ and even more importantly, ‘what should be done with the tremendously diverse ‘dark fungal taxa?’ There are undeniable differences in mycologists’ perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims to provide a platform to better refine and stabilise fungal classification, taking into consideration views from different parties. In the future, a confidential voting system will be set up to gauge the opinions of all mycologists in the Consortium on important topics. The results of such surveys will be presented to the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) and the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF) with opinions and percentages of votes for and against. Criticisms based on scientific evidence with regards to nomenclature, classifications, and taxonomic concepts will be welcomed, and any recommendations on specific taxonomic issues will also be encouraged; however, we will encourage professionally and ethically responsible criticisms of others’ work. 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Embrapa Milho e Sorgo (CNPMS) |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Soja. |
Data corrente: |
13/06/2012 |
Data da última atualização: |
13/07/2017 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
Circulação/Nível: |
A - 2 |
Autoria: |
BENKO-ISEPPON, A. M.; NEPOMUCENO, A. L.; ABDELNOOR, R. V. |
Afiliação: |
ANA M. BENKO-ISEPPON, UFPE; ALEXANDRE LIMA NEPOMUCENO, SRI; RICARDO VILELA ABDELNOOR, CNPSO. |
Título: |
GENOSOJA - The Brazilian Soybean Genome Consortium: high throughput omics and beyond. |
Ano de publicação: |
2012 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
Genetics and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto, v. 35, n. 1, suppl., p. i-iv, May 2012. |
DOI: |
10.1590/S1415-47572012000200001 |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
Plant genomes are among the most complex and large ones of our planet, with high levels of redundancy when compared to other eukaryotic groups, leading to intricate processes for gene regulation and evolution. Such a complexity demands interdisciplinary and multidimensional approaches in order to allow a better understanding of the processes able to exploit the whole potential of the existing genes in different species, including crop plants. Among cultivated plants, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] occupies an outstanding position due to its importance as source of protein and oil that may also be converted into biodiesel. The seeds are rarely consumed in natura, but many traditional food products have been consumed, as soymilk, and tofu, as well as fermented products as soy sauce, and soy paste among others, besides its wide use for animal feed. Soybean cultivation has been highly concentrated geographically, with only four countries (USA, Brazil, Argentina and China) accounting for almost 90% of world output. Asia (excluding China) and Africa, the two regions where most of the food insecure countries are located, account for only 5% of production. Among countries classified as 'undernourished', only India and Bolivia are significant producers of soybeans (FAO, 2009). Available evidences indicate that the cultivated soybean was domesticated from its wild relative Glycine soja (Sieb. and Zucc.) in China about 5,000 years ago (Carter et al., 2004). Since then, soybean has been grown primarily in temperate regions for thousands of years, first in Northern Asia and in more recent years in North America and countries of the Southern Cone of Latin America (FAO, 2009). The remarkable success of this crop in temperate zones is well known, but the crop presents also an important role in cropping systems of the tropics and subtropics, also in low fertile regions, as the Brazilian cerrado savannah (Spehar, 1995). The actual area cultivated worldwide with soybean is estimated to cover 103.5 millions of hectares, from which 24.2 only in Brazil, with considerable increases in the production achieved without significant increase in the cultivated area (Embrapa Soybean, 2011). As a legume, soybean is able to develop symbiotic interactions with rhizobia, allowing the fixation and assimilation of atmospheric N2, bearing quite specific mechanisms to coordinate this complex interaction (Oldroyd and Downie, 2008), absent in most angiosperm groups. Besides this peculiarity, soybean presents 2n = 40 chromosomes and was early characterized as an ancient polyploid (paleopolyploid) through genetic mapping studies that identified homeologous chromosome regions based upon duplicate RFLP markers (Shoemaker et al., 1996; Lee et al., 1999; 2001). Due to its allopolyploid nature, the first approaches regarded the generation of expressed sequences from different library tissues and conditions, including mainly ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags; Nelson et al., 2005) partially in annotated databases, including ca. 40.000 full length cDNA clones available (Umezawa et al., 2008, see also RIKEN Soybean Full-Length cDNA Database), besides analyses regarding RNAseq under different tissues and development stages, as well as under different stressing situations (e.g. Libault et al., 2010; Severin et al., 2010). Also a complete shotgun genome sequence of the soybean cultivar Williams 82 was released, comprising 1.1-gigabase genome size allowing the integration of physical and high-density genetic maps, including 46,430 predicted protein-coding genes (Schmutz et al., 2010). The total amount of data publicly available at GenBank (NCBI) includes more than 120,000 nucleotide sequences (mainly mRNA), ~1,460,000 ESTs, ~368,000 genome sequences, ~80,000 proteins, 118 deposited structures and more than 6,2 million SNPs. Such numbers show that working with soybean is a very challenging task. By the other hand, despite of the wide data availability, most data regard cultivars from temperate regions (as Williams 82), not adapted for cultivation under tropical conditions, as it is the case of central Brazil and many other tropical countries that are subjected to distinct environmental stresses. The proposition of creating the GENOSOJA consortium was submitted in 2007 to the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), an agency linked to the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT), starting its activity in March 2008 with the participation of nine Brazilian institutions from different regions (Figure 1). The proposal aimed to study the soybean genome from its organization into the structural level, seeking to characterize and sequence important genomic regions and their products, thus contributing to the identification of genes using transcriptional and proteomic methods, especially considering the plant response to different biotic and abiotic stresses that affect the culture in the Southern hemisphere. Still, the GENOSOJA network aimed to approach not only whether a gene is induced or suppressed under a given condition, but also to determine the levels at which it is expressed, the interactions with other genes, their physical location and products, allowing the identification of important genes and metabolic pathways, vital for the development and study of plants tolerant to challenging situations. The GENOSOJA project is still in course and is structured into six Project Components (Figure 2), including management and addressing of different aspects of the soybean genome: I. Project management - responsible for the project administration, organization of meetings, group integration and research reports, among others. II. Structural Genomics - includes research activities related to the genomic physical architecture, including BAC anchoring (in the cultivar Conquista), promoter analysis and sequencing of gene-rich regions, also in comparison with other wild relatives of the genus Glycine, allowing studies of synteny and indication of regions important for ressequencing. This component is also responsible for the identification of single base polymorphisms (SNPs), very important for mapping purposes and marker assisted selection. III. Transcriptomics -comprises the largest research group, responsible for various expression profiling approaches using different strategies to access transcripts generated under different biotic (Asian rust: Phakopsora pachyrhizi, CPMMV: Cowpea mild mottle virus, nematodes: Meloydogyne javanica and Pratylenchus brachyurus) and abiotic (water deficit) stresses. In this workgroup different strategies were used, including: a) Subtractive cDNA libraries (76 bp tags, Solexa Illumina® sequencing) using contrasting materials submitted to biotic interactions, including diseases (~40 million tags; Asian rust and virus inoculation) and beneficial interactions (~10 million tags; inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum), as well as water deficit (~42 million tags, comparing tolerant and susceptible accessions). b) SuperSAGE comprising ~3,2 Solexa Illumina® 26-bp tags distributed in six libraries generated under biotic (water deficit) and abiotic (Asian rust) stress comparisons. c) MicroRNA libraries (Solexa Illumina®, 1924 bp) including four libraries regarding water deficit ( 4,8 millions miRNAs) and other four regarding Asian rust (~7,9 million miRNAs). d) cDNA sequences (2,112 sequences, Sanger method) from roots infested with the nematode M. javanica compared with non stressed control. The three first above mentioned experiments were carried out using the same experimental conditions, generating an extensive comparable dataset to allow the understanding of the gene expression dynamic (Subtractive cDNA and SuperSAGE libraries), including biotic and abiotic cross-talk responses as well as the post transcriptional control (miRNA). IV. Proteomics -aimed to study the protein profile of soybean plants, low-mass protein and peptides identification and protein-protein interactions, using the same accessions and biological conditions established for the transcriptomic analyses to ensure complementarity and reduction of experimental variability, and thus, allowing the integration of both datasets in the functional characterization of the soybean genome. V. Expression Assays (transgenesis) -considering the results of transcriptomics and proteomics, most valuable gene candidates are being transformed in order to infer about their effects or biological function. Members of this group are also evaluating the vicinity of genes (UTRs) for the identification of regulatory regions (promoters, enhancers, cis-elements, etc.) that control their expression. VI. Bioinformatics -this workgroup developed the GENOSOJA database (see web resource) that includes a set of tools integrating the entire project data as compared with available sequences from other public data banks. The present issue represents the starting point of an extensive catalogue of products generated by the GENO-SOJA consortium, since all members agree that many additional inferences will be soon mature for publication and application to breeding projects. Thousands of candidate genes differentially expressed have been identified and are being validated using quantitative real time PCR, many regarding strongly induced genes in contrasting libraries (e.g. stressed against control or tolerant against sensible in the same condition). Many of them refer to uncharacterized genes, with no given function, representing relevant data to be worked out in future functional studies, since they may represent not yet described genes, some possibly unique to legumes and important for plant breeding. Finally, the present volume does not represent a milestone for completion of the GENOSOJA project, but an announcement of its birth, crowned with solid growth, integration and consolidation prospects. The data generated by the GENOSOJA consortium will also join the worldwide effort to study the soybean genome through the participation in the International Soybean Genome Consortium (ISGC). In this sense, the next step involves the public release of the generated data, which shall be available for the world community, allowing the effective integration with other networks throughout the world. MenosPlant genomes are among the most complex and large ones of our planet, with high levels of redundancy when compared to other eukaryotic groups, leading to intricate processes for gene regulation and evolution. Such a complexity demands interdisciplinary and multidimensional approaches in order to allow a better understanding of the processes able to exploit the whole potential of the existing genes in different species, including crop plants. Among cultivated plants, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] occupies an outstanding position due to its importance as source of protein and oil that may also be converted into biodiesel. The seeds are rarely consumed in natura, but many traditional food products have been consumed, as soymilk, and tofu, as well as fermented products as soy sauce, and soy paste among others, besides its wide use for animal feed. Soybean cultivation has been highly concentrated geographically, with only four countries (USA, Brazil, Argentina and China) accounting for almost 90% of world output. Asia (excluding China) and Africa, the two regions where most of the food insecure countries are located, account for only 5% of production. Among countries classified as 'undernourished', only India and Bolivia are significant producers of soybeans (FAO, 2009). Available evidences indicate that the cultivated soybean was domesticated from its wild relative Glycine soja (Sieb. and Zucc.) in China about 5,000 years ago (Carter et al., 2004). Since then, soybean has be... Mostrar Tudo |
Thesagro: |
Gene; Genoma; Soja. |
Thesaurus NAL: |
Genes; Genome; Soybeans. |
Categoria do assunto: |
P Recursos Naturais, Ciências Ambientais e da Terra |
URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/60889/1/gmb.genosoja.v35n1s.i-iv.2012.pdf
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Soja (CNPSO) |
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