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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Soja. |
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Data corrente: |
30/06/2005 |
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Data da última atualização: |
22/05/2006 |
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Autoria: |
BROWN, G. G.; BRANDÃO JUNIOR, O.; ALBERTON, O.; SARIDAKIS, G. P.; BENITO, N. P.; TORRES, E. |
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Título: |
Soil macroinvertebrate populations in various land management systems in Paraná State, Brazil. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2004 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY AND ECOLOGY, 14., 2004. Mont Saint Aignan. Abstracts. Mont Saint Aignan: Université de Rouen, 2004. p. 240. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
The soil macrofauna, i.e., organisms easily visible that live in the soil or on its surface for at least some part their cycle, includes invertebrates considered both as pests and/or as beneficial to the soil environment and plant production. Ants, termites, earthworms, beetles, grubs, pill-bugs, true bugs, cicadas, snails, millipedes, centipedes, crikets, wasps, spiders and various insect (especially moth and fly) larvae all form part of the soil macrofauna community. They include saprophagous organisms that act as decomposers and mineralizers, root and shoot-feeding organisms that negatively affect plant growth, predators and necrophages that feed on other organisms, geophagous bio-turbators that burrow through the soil leaving their excrements on or under its surface, social insects that create nests and congregate in large numbers, and omnivorous organisms, that feed on many different substrates. The aim of the presente study was to asses the soil macrofauna communities in different land management systems and native Atlantic forest in the region of Londrina, Brazil, focusing on the community composition and the abundance of the various groups comprising the macrofauna community. This would then help identify the key organisms present, that would be further studied, to test for their functional significance in the agroecosystem (e. g., pest or ecosystem engineering effects). Samples were taken in the summer crop (soybean) and after winter wheat harvest, in plots with 8, 13 and 20 years of conventional planting (CT: disk plow), chisel plow (MT) and no tillage (NT), planted with continuous double crops (wheat/soybean) or crop rotation (lupine/maize-oats/soybean-wheat/soybean). Both in the summer (soybean) and winter season, under NT and MT a larger number of geophagous (earthworms), saprophagous (millipedes, termites), predatory (spiders, diplura, pseudoscorpions and centipedes) and some pest (moth larvae) organisms was higher than in CT, where a larger number of enchytraeids (saprophages) and beetles (some pests) were observed. In the winter season, a much higher number of ants was observed under NT and MT versus CT, and in general, a higher total number of macrofauna was found in the former systems compared with CT. In the summer season, the differences in abundance between management systems was mostly due to a lower number in MT versus CT and NT. Total abundance in the agroecosystems in both seasons ranged between 1000 and 2000 individuals m-2. On the other hand, in the native forests, macrofauna abundance was much higher than in the agroecosystems. In the winter >3000 and in the summer, >11,000 individuals per m² were observed, with predominance of ants and termites. The use of no-tillage as opposed to conventional tillage practices, especially when combined with crop rotations and cover crops, can enhance soil macrofauna populations and their contribution to soil function, leading to a more balanced community composition. The present results highlight the importance of agroecosystem management practices on soil macroinvertebrate communities and the role of adequate decision-making, in achieving a more balanced soil fauna community composition, thus enhancing its potential benefits to soil fertility, crop production and sustainability. MenosThe soil macrofauna, i.e., organisms easily visible that live in the soil or on its surface for at least some part their cycle, includes invertebrates considered both as pests and/or as beneficial to the soil environment and plant production. Ants, termites, earthworms, beetles, grubs, pill-bugs, true bugs, cicadas, snails, millipedes, centipedes, crikets, wasps, spiders and various insect (especially moth and fly) larvae all form part of the soil macrofauna community. They include saprophagous organisms that act as decomposers and mineralizers, root and shoot-feeding organisms that negatively affect plant growth, predators and necrophages that feed on other organisms, geophagous bio-turbators that burrow through the soil leaving their excrements on or under its surface, social insects that create nests and congregate in large numbers, and omnivorous organisms, that feed on many different substrates. The aim of the presente study was to asses the soil macrofauna communities in different land management systems and native Atlantic forest in the region of Londrina, Brazil, focusing on the community composition and the abundance of the various groups comprising the macrofauna community. This would then help identify the key organisms present, that would be further studied, to test for their functional significance in the agroecosystem (e. g., pest or ecosystem engineering effects). Samples were taken in the summer crop (soybean) and after winter wheat harvest, in plots with 8, ... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Ecologia do solo; Fertilidadedo solo. |
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Thesagro: |
Animal Invertebrado; Biologia do Solo. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 04070naa a2200229 a 4500
001 1464155
005 2006-05-22
008 2004 bl --- 0-- u #d
100 1 $aBROWN, G. G.
245 $aSoil macroinvertebrate populations in various land management systems in Paraná State, Brazil.
260 $c2004
520 $aThe soil macrofauna, i.e., organisms easily visible that live in the soil or on its surface for at least some part their cycle, includes invertebrates considered both as pests and/or as beneficial to the soil environment and plant production. Ants, termites, earthworms, beetles, grubs, pill-bugs, true bugs, cicadas, snails, millipedes, centipedes, crikets, wasps, spiders and various insect (especially moth and fly) larvae all form part of the soil macrofauna community. They include saprophagous organisms that act as decomposers and mineralizers, root and shoot-feeding organisms that negatively affect plant growth, predators and necrophages that feed on other organisms, geophagous bio-turbators that burrow through the soil leaving their excrements on or under its surface, social insects that create nests and congregate in large numbers, and omnivorous organisms, that feed on many different substrates. The aim of the presente study was to asses the soil macrofauna communities in different land management systems and native Atlantic forest in the region of Londrina, Brazil, focusing on the community composition and the abundance of the various groups comprising the macrofauna community. This would then help identify the key organisms present, that would be further studied, to test for their functional significance in the agroecosystem (e. g., pest or ecosystem engineering effects). Samples were taken in the summer crop (soybean) and after winter wheat harvest, in plots with 8, 13 and 20 years of conventional planting (CT: disk plow), chisel plow (MT) and no tillage (NT), planted with continuous double crops (wheat/soybean) or crop rotation (lupine/maize-oats/soybean-wheat/soybean). Both in the summer (soybean) and winter season, under NT and MT a larger number of geophagous (earthworms), saprophagous (millipedes, termites), predatory (spiders, diplura, pseudoscorpions and centipedes) and some pest (moth larvae) organisms was higher than in CT, where a larger number of enchytraeids (saprophages) and beetles (some pests) were observed. In the winter season, a much higher number of ants was observed under NT and MT versus CT, and in general, a higher total number of macrofauna was found in the former systems compared with CT. In the summer season, the differences in abundance between management systems was mostly due to a lower number in MT versus CT and NT. Total abundance in the agroecosystems in both seasons ranged between 1000 and 2000 individuals m-2. On the other hand, in the native forests, macrofauna abundance was much higher than in the agroecosystems. In the winter >3000 and in the summer, >11,000 individuals per m² were observed, with predominance of ants and termites. The use of no-tillage as opposed to conventional tillage practices, especially when combined with crop rotations and cover crops, can enhance soil macrofauna populations and their contribution to soil function, leading to a more balanced community composition. The present results highlight the importance of agroecosystem management practices on soil macroinvertebrate communities and the role of adequate decision-making, in achieving a more balanced soil fauna community composition, thus enhancing its potential benefits to soil fertility, crop production and sustainability.
650 $aAnimal Invertebrado
650 $aBiologia do Solo
653 $aEcologia do solo
653 $aFertilidadedo solo
700 1 $aBRANDÃO JUNIOR, O.
700 1 $aALBERTON, O.
700 1 $aSARIDAKIS, G. P.
700 1 $aBENITO, N. P.
700 1 $aTORRES, E.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY AND ECOLOGY, 14., 2004. Mont Saint Aignan. Abstracts. Mont Saint Aignan: Université de Rouen, 2004. p. 240.
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Embrapa Soja (CNPSO) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Semiárido. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cpatsa.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Semiárido. |
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Data corrente: |
08/03/2018 |
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Data da última atualização: |
08/03/2018 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 2 |
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Autoria: |
TOLOY, R. S.; MITUTI, T.; FREITAS, D. M. S.; MALUTA, N. K. P; SILVA, T. N. Z.; LOPES, J. R. S.; FERERES, A.; REZENDE, J. A. M. |
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Afiliação: |
RODRIGO SOLCI TOLOY, USP; TATIANA MITUTI, USP; DEBORA MARIA SANSINI FREITAS, CPATSA; NATHALIE KRISTINE PRADO MALUTA, UPS; TALITA NICOLA ZOCCA SILVA, USP; JOÃO ROBERTO SPOTTI LOPES, USP; ALBERTO FERERES, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Madrid, Spain; JORGE ALBERTO MARQUES REZENDE, USP. |
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Título: |
Features of the relationship between Tomato severe rugose begomovirus and Bemisa tabaci MEAM1 reveal that the virus is acquired during a probe lasting only one minute. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2017 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
European Journal of Plant Pathology, nov. 2017. |
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DOI: |
10.1007/s10658-017-1388-1 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) is a begomovirus found only in Brazil and has been the prevalent species affecting tomato crops in southwest and midwest of the country. Although the virus is known to be transmitted by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, this study was undertaken to better characterize the relationship between ToSRV and whiteflies on tomato plants. The minimum acquisition and inoculation access periods, latent period, and virus retention time in the vector were determined. The results of transmission experiments showed that the minimum acquisition and inoculation access periods (AAP and IAP) for transmission of ToSRV by MEAM1 were 1 min and 5 min, respectively. After monitoring 50 individual adult whiteflies during a one-minute AAP on ToSRVinfected tomato leaves, 21 insects (42%) were able to acquire the virus, as confirmed by PCR. In contrast, one hundred insects that were individually allowed oneminute AAP on Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)-infected tomato leaves, which is a phloem-limited crinivirus, were unable to acquire the virus. The latent period of ToSRV in MEAM1 was 12?15 h, with adult whiteflies retaining the virus for 25 days. Although the tissue distribution of ToSRV in tomato has not been determined, the short AAP suggests that the virus may be present in mesophyll cells, from where it may be acquired during a one-minute feeding probe. |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Bemisa tabaci; Tomato; ToSRV; White fly. |
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Thesagro: |
Inseto; Mosca branca; Tomate; Virus. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Begomovirus; Geminiviridae; Solanum lycopersicum. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
O Insetos e Entomologia |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02393naa a2200349 a 4500
001 2088819
005 2018-03-08
008 2017 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.1007/s10658-017-1388-1$2DOI
100 1 $aTOLOY, R. S.
245 $aFeatures of the relationship between Tomato severe rugose begomovirus and Bemisa tabaci MEAM1 reveal that the virus is acquired during a probe lasting only one minute.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2017
520 $aTomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) is a begomovirus found only in Brazil and has been the prevalent species affecting tomato crops in southwest and midwest of the country. Although the virus is known to be transmitted by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, this study was undertaken to better characterize the relationship between ToSRV and whiteflies on tomato plants. The minimum acquisition and inoculation access periods, latent period, and virus retention time in the vector were determined. The results of transmission experiments showed that the minimum acquisition and inoculation access periods (AAP and IAP) for transmission of ToSRV by MEAM1 were 1 min and 5 min, respectively. After monitoring 50 individual adult whiteflies during a one-minute AAP on ToSRVinfected tomato leaves, 21 insects (42%) were able to acquire the virus, as confirmed by PCR. In contrast, one hundred insects that were individually allowed oneminute AAP on Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)-infected tomato leaves, which is a phloem-limited crinivirus, were unable to acquire the virus. The latent period of ToSRV in MEAM1 was 12?15 h, with adult whiteflies retaining the virus for 25 days. Although the tissue distribution of ToSRV in tomato has not been determined, the short AAP suggests that the virus may be present in mesophyll cells, from where it may be acquired during a one-minute feeding probe.
650 $aBegomovirus
650 $aGeminiviridae
650 $aSolanum lycopersicum
650 $aInseto
650 $aMosca branca
650 $aTomate
650 $aVirus
653 $aBemisa tabaci
653 $aTomato
653 $aToSRV
653 $aWhite fly
700 1 $aMITUTI, T.
700 1 $aFREITAS, D. M. S.
700 1 $aMALUTA, N. K. P
700 1 $aSILVA, T. N. Z.
700 1 $aLOPES, J. R. S.
700 1 $aFERERES, A.
700 1 $aREZENDE, J. A. M.
773 $tEuropean Journal of Plant Pathology, nov. 2017.
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