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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Gado de Leite. |
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Data corrente: |
10/05/2022 |
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Data da última atualização: |
10/05/2022 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
BOHN, A.; BORTOLIN, G. S.; CASTELLANOS, C. I. S.; REIS, B. B. dos; SUÑÉ, A. dos S.; BONOW, J. F. L.; PEDROSO, C. E. da S.; MITTELMANN, A. |
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Afiliação: |
ALBERTO BOHN, Universidade Federal de Pelotas; GABRIEL STRECK BORTOLIN, Universidade Federal de Pelotas; CÉSAR IVÁN SUÁREZ CASTELLANOS, Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BRUNA BARRETO DOS REIS, Universidade Federal de Pelotas; ANNA DOS SANTOS SUÑÉ, Universidade Federal de Pelotas; JOICE FERNANDA LÜBKE BONOW, Universidade Federal de Pelotas; CARLOS EDUARDO DA SILVA PEDROSO, Universidade Federal de Pelotas; ANDREA MITTELMANN, CNPGL. |
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Título: |
Nitrogen fertilization of self-seeding Italian ryegrass: effects on plant structure, forage and seed yield. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2020 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Ciência Rural, v. 50, n. 6, e20190510, 2020. |
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DOI: |
http://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190510 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of self-seeding Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and nitrogen rates - applied additionally after two defoliations - on plant structure, in forage and seed yield. Levels of self-seeding were classified as very high (777 kg ha-1), high (736 kg ha-1), intermediate (624 kg ha-1), and low (234 kg ha-1). Populations were fertilized with zero, 20.25, 40.50, and 60.75 kg ha-1 of supplemental nitrogen applied after two defoliations; respectively, in very high, high, intermediate, and low levels. Higher levels of self-seeding promoted greater forage yield and uniformity of vegetation structure. Number of fertile tillers and number of seeds per plant have benefited by the combination of high self-seeding and supplemental nitrogen fertilization. Despite influencing the uniformity and amount of forage obtained in two defoliations, the very high and low self-seeding levels did not differ in Italian ryegrass seed production. However, linear addition for this same variable was obtained with the inclusion of supplemental nitrogen fertilization. In pastures from low and intermediate self-seeding levels, total dry mass increases linearly with the levels of nitrogen fertilization assessed in this research. RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de ressemeadura natural de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), bem como, doses suplementares de nitrogênio sobre a estrutura de plantas, produção de forragem e de sementes. Os níveis de ressemeadura foram classificados como: muito elevada (777 kg ha-1); elevada (736 kg ha-1); intermediária (624 kg ha-1) e baixa (234 kg ha-1). Populações oriundas destes níveis foram fertilizadas com zero, 20.25, 40.50, and 60.75 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio, aplicado de forma suplementar após duas desfolhas. Maiores níveis de ressemeadura propiciaram maior colheita de forragem e maior uniformização da estrutura da vegetação. A quantidade de perfilhos férteis e o número de sementes por planta foram beneficiados pela combinação de elevada ressemeadura e aplicação de nitrogênio. Apesar de influenciar a uniformização e a quantidade de forragem obtida em duas desfolhas, os níveis de ressemeadura natural, muito elevada e baixa não diferiram entre si na produção de sementes no ano subsequente. Todavia, acréscimo linear para esta mesma variável foi verificado com avanço suplementar da adubação nitrogenada. Em pastagem de azevém anual proveniente dos níveis baixo e intermediário, a produção de massa seca total é acrescida linearmente com os níveis de fertilização avaliados no presente trabalho. MenosABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of self-seeding Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and nitrogen rates - applied additionally after two defoliations - on plant structure, in forage and seed yield. Levels of self-seeding were classified as very high (777 kg ha-1), high (736 kg ha-1), intermediate (624 kg ha-1), and low (234 kg ha-1). Populations were fertilized with zero, 20.25, 40.50, and 60.75 kg ha-1 of supplemental nitrogen applied after two defoliations; respectively, in very high, high, intermediate, and low levels. Higher levels of self-seeding promoted greater forage yield and uniformity of vegetation structure. Number of fertile tillers and number of seeds per plant have benefited by the combination of high self-seeding and supplemental nitrogen fertilization. Despite influencing the uniformity and amount of forage obtained in two defoliations, the very high and low self-seeding levels did not differ in Italian ryegrass seed production. However, linear addition for this same variable was obtained with the inclusion of supplemental nitrogen fertilization. In pastures from low and intermediate self-seeding levels, total dry mass increases linearly with the levels of nitrogen fertilization assessed in this research. RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de ressemeadura natural de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), bem como, doses suplementares de nitrogênio sobre a estrutura de plantas... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Natural reseeding; Nitrogen rates; Ressemeadura natural. |
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Thesagro: |
Azevém; Lolium Multiflorum; Nitrogênio; Rendimento; Semente. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
Nitrogen; Seeds; Yield components. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
F Plantas e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
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URL: |
https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/bitstream/doc/1142845/1/Nitrogen-fertilization-self-seeding.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 03703naa a2200349 a 4500
001 2142845
005 2022-05-10
008 2020 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttp://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190510$2DOI
100 1 $aBOHN, A.
245 $aNitrogen fertilization of self-seeding Italian ryegrass$beffects on plant structure, forage and seed yield.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2020
520 $aABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of self-seeding Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and nitrogen rates - applied additionally after two defoliations - on plant structure, in forage and seed yield. Levels of self-seeding were classified as very high (777 kg ha-1), high (736 kg ha-1), intermediate (624 kg ha-1), and low (234 kg ha-1). Populations were fertilized with zero, 20.25, 40.50, and 60.75 kg ha-1 of supplemental nitrogen applied after two defoliations; respectively, in very high, high, intermediate, and low levels. Higher levels of self-seeding promoted greater forage yield and uniformity of vegetation structure. Number of fertile tillers and number of seeds per plant have benefited by the combination of high self-seeding and supplemental nitrogen fertilization. Despite influencing the uniformity and amount of forage obtained in two defoliations, the very high and low self-seeding levels did not differ in Italian ryegrass seed production. However, linear addition for this same variable was obtained with the inclusion of supplemental nitrogen fertilization. In pastures from low and intermediate self-seeding levels, total dry mass increases linearly with the levels of nitrogen fertilization assessed in this research. RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de ressemeadura natural de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), bem como, doses suplementares de nitrogênio sobre a estrutura de plantas, produção de forragem e de sementes. Os níveis de ressemeadura foram classificados como: muito elevada (777 kg ha-1); elevada (736 kg ha-1); intermediária (624 kg ha-1) e baixa (234 kg ha-1). Populações oriundas destes níveis foram fertilizadas com zero, 20.25, 40.50, and 60.75 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio, aplicado de forma suplementar após duas desfolhas. Maiores níveis de ressemeadura propiciaram maior colheita de forragem e maior uniformização da estrutura da vegetação. A quantidade de perfilhos férteis e o número de sementes por planta foram beneficiados pela combinação de elevada ressemeadura e aplicação de nitrogênio. Apesar de influenciar a uniformização e a quantidade de forragem obtida em duas desfolhas, os níveis de ressemeadura natural, muito elevada e baixa não diferiram entre si na produção de sementes no ano subsequente. Todavia, acréscimo linear para esta mesma variável foi verificado com avanço suplementar da adubação nitrogenada. Em pastagem de azevém anual proveniente dos níveis baixo e intermediário, a produção de massa seca total é acrescida linearmente com os níveis de fertilização avaliados no presente trabalho.
650 $aNitrogen
650 $aSeeds
650 $aYield components
650 $aAzevém
650 $aLolium Multiflorum
650 $aNitrogênio
650 $aRendimento
650 $aSemente
653 $aNatural reseeding
653 $aNitrogen rates
653 $aRessemeadura natural
700 1 $aBORTOLIN, G. S.
700 1 $aCASTELLANOS, C. I. S.
700 1 $aREIS, B. B. dos
700 1 $aSUÑÉ, A. dos S.
700 1 $aBONOW, J. F. L.
700 1 $aPEDROSO, C. E. da S.
700 1 $aMITTELMANN, A.
773 $tCiência Rural$gv. 50, n. 6, e20190510, 2020.
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Embrapa Gado de Leite (CNPGL) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Florestas. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpf.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
19/09/2008 |
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Data da última atualização: |
19/09/2008 |
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Autoria: |
HASSALL, M.; WARD, N. |
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Título: |
Effects of climate change on faunal stimulation of CO2 emissions from soils. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Ten times as much CO2 is currently emitted from the world?s soils as from all anthropogenic
sources combined. It follows that a 1% change in CO2 output from soils would have a greater
effect on atmospheric concentrations than the all the changes proposed in the Kyoto protocol
combined together. The potential for positive feedback resulting from increased microbial
metabolism in the soil resulting from climate change is very high but changes in soil metabolism
are also the least well understood part of how the whole global C cycle will respond to the effects
of climate change. What is known, as a result of decades of Soil Zoology, is that microbial
activity is strongly regulated by soil animals (Hassall et al. 2006), partly because of the ?Sleeping
Beauty paradox? (Lavelle et al 1995).
If the faunal regulators are affected differently to the microbes by climate change then predictions
from current models of the global carbon cycle are likely to be erroneous. The life cycles, metabolic
pathways, ecology and physiology of animals are so different to those of microbes they are very
unlikely to respond in the same way, particularly to future changes in precipitation, which in
many regions is predicted to involve both changes in both intensity and periodicity.
Soil animals will respond to these changes by alterations in the trade-off between times spent
feeding and sheltering, the degree to which they aggregate, their life histories and population
processes. Particularly good arthropod macro-decomposers for investigating these responses
are the terrestrial isopods for which all of these attributes have been thoroughly studied under
current climate conditions.
In this paper we report results of testing the hypotheses that a) intensity and b) periodicity of
rainfall and c) differences in relative humidity will affect feeding, sheltering and aggregating
behaviour, life history traits, growth and survivorship rates of terrestrial isopods. We further
hypothesise that different species will respond differently to experimental simulations of climate
change due to macro-evolutionary differences between species, particularly their different
physiological, morphological and behavioural adaptations to desiccation stress.. We go on to
test the hypothesis that different ecotypes of one species, from different parts of its geographical
range with different regional climates, will respond differently to alterations in patterns of
precipitation. Results from this experiment will help to answer the question of whether organisms
are likely to respond differently to climate change in different parts of their range as a result of
micro-evolutionary adaptations to different local climates
Finally we report on how responses of this group of soil animals to experimentally manipulated
micro-climates affect the extent to which they stimulate microbial metabolism, and subsequently
soil CO2 emissions. MenosTen times as much CO2 is currently emitted from the world?s soils as from all anthropogenic
sources combined. It follows that a 1% change in CO2 output from soils would have a greater
effect on atmospheric concentrations than the all the changes proposed in the Kyoto protocol
combined together. The potential for positive feedback resulting from increased microbial
metabolism in the soil resulting from climate change is very high but changes in soil metabolism
are also the least well understood part of how the whole global C cycle will respond to the effects
of climate change. What is known, as a result of decades of Soil Zoology, is that microbial
activity is strongly regulated by soil animals (Hassall et al. 2006), partly because of the ?Sleeping
Beauty paradox? (Lavelle et al 1995).
If the faunal regulators are affected differently to the microbes by climate change then predictions
from current models of the global carbon cycle are likely to be erroneous. The life cycles, metabolic
pathways, ecology and physiology of animals are so different to those of microbes they are very
unlikely to respond in the same way, particularly to future changes in precipitation, which in
many regions is predicted to involve both changes in both intensity and periodicity.
Soil animals will respond to these changes by alterations in the trade-off between times spent
feeding and sheltering, the degree to which they aggregate, their life histories and population
processes. Particularly good arth... Mostrar Tudo |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03560naa a2200133 a 4500
001 1314881
005 2008-09-19
008 2008 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aHASSALL, M.
245 $aEffects of climate change on faunal stimulation of CO2 emissions from soils.
260 $c2008
520 $aTen times as much CO2 is currently emitted from the world?s soils as from all anthropogenic sources combined. It follows that a 1% change in CO2 output from soils would have a greater effect on atmospheric concentrations than the all the changes proposed in the Kyoto protocol combined together. The potential for positive feedback resulting from increased microbial metabolism in the soil resulting from climate change is very high but changes in soil metabolism are also the least well understood part of how the whole global C cycle will respond to the effects of climate change. What is known, as a result of decades of Soil Zoology, is that microbial activity is strongly regulated by soil animals (Hassall et al. 2006), partly because of the ?Sleeping Beauty paradox? (Lavelle et al 1995). If the faunal regulators are affected differently to the microbes by climate change then predictions from current models of the global carbon cycle are likely to be erroneous. The life cycles, metabolic pathways, ecology and physiology of animals are so different to those of microbes they are very unlikely to respond in the same way, particularly to future changes in precipitation, which in many regions is predicted to involve both changes in both intensity and periodicity. Soil animals will respond to these changes by alterations in the trade-off between times spent feeding and sheltering, the degree to which they aggregate, their life histories and population processes. Particularly good arthropod macro-decomposers for investigating these responses are the terrestrial isopods for which all of these attributes have been thoroughly studied under current climate conditions. In this paper we report results of testing the hypotheses that a) intensity and b) periodicity of rainfall and c) differences in relative humidity will affect feeding, sheltering and aggregating behaviour, life history traits, growth and survivorship rates of terrestrial isopods. We further hypothesise that different species will respond differently to experimental simulations of climate change due to macro-evolutionary differences between species, particularly their different physiological, morphological and behavioural adaptations to desiccation stress.. We go on to test the hypothesis that different ecotypes of one species, from different parts of its geographical range with different regional climates, will respond differently to alterations in patterns of precipitation. Results from this experiment will help to answer the question of whether organisms are likely to respond differently to climate change in different parts of their range as a result of micro-evolutionary adaptations to different local climates Finally we report on how responses of this group of soil animals to experimentally manipulated micro-climates affect the extent to which they stimulate microbial metabolism, and subsequently soil CO2 emissions.
700 1 $aWARD, N.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM.
Download
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