Data/hora: 09/06/2024 11:36:19

Biblioteca(s): | Embrapa Algodão; Embrapa Amazônia Oriental; Embrapa Pantanal.
Data corrente: | 06/05/1992
Data da última atualização: | 15/09/2011
Autoria: | ALVES, E. R. A.; TEIXEIRA FILHO, A. R.; TOLLINI, H.
Afiliação: | EMBRAPA. Departamento de Diretrizes e Metodos de Planejamento (Brasilia, DF).
Título: | Coutry case study Brazil.
Ano de publicação: | 1975
Fonte/Imprenta: | [Brasília, DF]: EMBRAPA-DDM, 1975.
Páginas: | 86p.
Idioma: | Inglês
Notas: | Mimeografado. Trabalho apresentado no Seminar on Population and Food and Agricultural Development, Roma, Itália, 1975. (EMBRAPA-DDM. PT, 6). Título: Coutry [Country] case
Conteúdo: | From 1950 to 1974, Brazilian economy has had one of the highest growth rates in the world. Despite some perverse effects of some economic policies adopted during this period, it averaged a growth rate of 7,1% per year. Brazilian labor force has been mobile; despite this, sizable wage and productivity differences persist; both interregionally for the same sector and intersectorally for the same region. A specific labor market study has suggested a strong link between the industrial and the agricultural labor markets. This link explains the interaction between the two sectors which reflects in the well-being of rural people the failures of the industrial employment process. Educational effects tend to suggest that education will tend to lower the supply of labor to the agricultural sector (a result not unambiguous). Minimum wage policy has been responsible for the reduction of employment (in the state of Sao Paulo). There is high substitution ability between labor and capital because of the high wage elasticity in the demand equation. In the subsistence sector of the agricultural market, family labor is used to the limit of its capacity. There seems to be little room for improvement of income of the subsistence farmers by programs with the goal of increasing production through more intensive use of family labor. The Brazilian population was, in 1970, reaching the one hundredth million. Its rate of growth was high in the fifties, higher in the sixties, reaching about 3,0% per year. The population is not evenly distributed but there is considerable mobility interregionally. Despite its fast-growing trend and its concentration in regions such as the Northeast not adequately arrayed for the population it holds, the real population problems faced by the government are related to two other characteristics: The age composition of the population and its level of education. These two characteristics of the population are carried to the labor force and have their adverse effects on the performance of the whole economy. Fifty-three percent of the population aged 15 through 60 make up 92% of the labor force. About 30 percent of the labor force are illiterate. This group and the graduates of elementary school add up to about 55 percent of the labor force. Only 2,5 percent of the workers have college education. For the rural sector the situation is even worse. 99 percent of the rural labor force are illiterate or are elementary school graduates. Rural-urban migration is intensive. With the kind of education the rural population has they end up increasing urban unemployment. The population problems in Brazil are tackled indirectly via hygiene, health care and education programs. The Brazilian population is rather mobile; convergence analyses of the trend of the population movement show the poor states losing population. Two rich states (Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul) are net exporters of population. Parana, Goias, Mato Grosso and Maranhao are the net importers. The northeastern states are the ones that lose most population. About 10 Percent of the population migrate within a decade's time period. With migration, it seems that the income differences between the population of the state tend to diminish. This seems to be true when all the states are taken together, when the high and the low income states are taken as separate groups, and also when one looks at each group separately. An econometric analysis of the migration process indicated that people tend to migrate, or not to migrate, in response to their own region's characteristics. High income levels and urbanization of a region tend to prevent people from migration out. Inequality of income distribution and education tend to be positively associated with out-migration from a region.
Palavras-Chave: | Agricola; Agricultural; Agricultural development; Avaliacao; Brasil; Changes; Development; Economy; Empirical; Empiricos; Equacao; Estudos; Evaluation; Food; Force; Internal migration; Irrigacion; Market; Migração interna; Mudancas; Policy; Regressao; Regressions; Rural; Setor; Studies; Study; Urban.
Thesagro: | Agricultura; Alimentação; Desenvolvimento Agrícola; Economia; Política; População.
Thesaurus Nal: | agriculture; Brazil; equations; labor; population.
Categoria do assunto: | --
Registro original: | Embrapa Pantanal (CPAP)

Exemplares:

CNPA - (1068-1) - ADD - LV - -- - 338.1 - A474c - 1992.0485 - DIS
CPATU - (14791-1) - EMB - LV - PP - 338.10981 - A474c - 1991.00081 - DIS
CPAP - (36153-1) - EMB - LV - -- - 331.1 - A474c - 1980.00021 - DIS