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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agrobiologia. |
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Data corrente: |
14/09/1999 |
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Data da última atualização: |
14/09/1999 |
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Autoria: |
ALENCAR, S. M. de. |
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Título: |
Distribuição dos compostos nitrogenados exportados pelos nódulos de soja (Glycine max), através do uso de traçadores enriquecidos com 14C. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1997 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
1997. 109 f. Tese (Mestrado em Agronomia, área em Ciência do Solo) - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ. |
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Série: |
Tese de Mestrado. |
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Idioma: |
Português |
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Notas: |
Tese de Mestrado. Orientada por Maria Cristina Prata Neves; Norma Gouvea Rumjanek. |
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Conteúdo: |
O nitrogenio e o nutriente mais limitante para o crescimento das plantas, especialmente em sistemas agricolas. As plantas normalmente adquirem nitrogenio do solo em uma forma inorganica. Na ausencia de um suprimento adequado de nitrogenio do solo, algumas especies de leguminosas sao capazes de formar uma associacao simbiotica com bacterias fixadoras de nitrogenio conhecidas como rizobio. Atraves desta simbiose, a planta e capaz de obter parte ou todo o nitrogenio requerido para seu crescimento. O crescimento e o rendimento de leguminosas produtoras de graos, dependentes da fixacao biologica de nitrogenio, sao o resultado da distribuicao e utilizacao dos compostos dependentes das interacoes entre a planta e a estirpe de rizobio, provenientes da associacao simbiotica. Para a soja, a eficiencia da fixacao simbiotica tem sido relacionada com a proporcao de ureidos na seiva xilematica e a particao destes para os frutos e graos. Tendo em vista a importancia desta cultura para o Brasil, tem-se buscado um melhor entendimento da fisiologia desta cultura, principalmente no que diz respeito a assimilacao, transporte e distribuicao dos compostos nitrogenados oriundos da fixacao simbiotica. Visando o estudo da distribuicao dos compostos nitrogenados provenientes da associacao simbiotica, em um dos periodos mais criticos do ciclo desta cultura, a fase de enchimento de graos, fez-se uso de compostos nitrogenados enriquecidos com o radiosotopo 14C. Os compostos 14C-ASN, 14C-ASP, 14C-GLN e 14C-GLU foram adquiridos comercialmente, enquanto que a 14C-ALN foi obtida atraves do enriquecimento por meio de sintese quimica. Foram feitas modificacoes do processo de sintese de ALN, a partir da condensacao do ester etilico do acido dicloroacetico e ureia, com aumentos significativos do rendimento. Os compostos nitrogenados enriquecidos com 14C foram aplicados atraves da via fluxo transpiracional. As plantas supridas com ALN mostraram uma intensa marcacao nas folhas mais novas, com pouca marcacao nas folhas mais velhas. A ASN e a GLN apresentaram uma menor intensidade de marcacao nas regioes internervais das folhas mais novas e nas folhas mais idosas, quando comparados com aquelas das folhas intermediarias. Este padrao de marcacao sugere, assim, que o 14C nao chega em grandes quantidades nas folhas mas novas quando se fornece os compostos nitrogenados na forma de GLN e ASN. Os aminoacidos dicarboxilicos (14C-GLU e 14C-ASP) mostraram forte marcacao nas folhas mais novas quando comparados com as amidas correspondentes. Nos frutos em inicio da formacao, a porcentagem de recuperacao da ALN marcada nas vagens das plantas, nao diferiu estatisticamente das amidas e aminoacidos, apesar das taxas de transferencias, de todos os compostos nitrogenados, diminuirem com a fase de maturacoa, assim mesmo, os ureidos mostraram-se superiores, demonstrando sua importancia para a nutricao nitrogenada das vagens. A distribuicao, dos compostos nitrogenados enriquecidos com 14C, nos graos foi semelhante para todos os compostos testados. Os graos em formacao, mostraram uma alta procentagem de recuperacao para a amida asparagina, declinando bruscamenete com o amadurecimento. J a ALN, mostrou uma distribuicao similar em todas as fases de desenvolvimento dos graos. Estes resultados corroboram a hipotese de que os ureidos sao capazes de manter um adequado suprimento de nitrogenio, necessario ao desenvolvimento das vagens e sementes, resultando em melhores indices de colheita. Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient to plant growth, especially in agricultural systems. Plants normally acquire nitrogen from the soil in inorganic form. In the absence of an adequate supply of available soil nitrogen, certain leguminous species are capable of forming a symbiotic association with nitrogen fixing microorganism. Through this symbiosis, the plant is able to obtain part or all of the nitrogen required for plant growth. Growth and seed yields of grain legumes depending on biological nitrogen fixation are the result of interactions between plant cultivars and rhizobium strains, which affect the intake, distribution, and utilization of nitrogen compounds produced in the nodules. For soybean, biological nitrogen fixation efficiency has been related to ureide contents in xylem sap and, the partitioning of these compounds for pod and seed production. Due to the importance of this crop to Brazil, research efforts have been directed to the comprehensive understand of the physiology of this plant, mainly respect to the assimilation, transport and distribution of the nitrogeneous compounds provenient from the symbiotic fixation. The study of the distribution of nitrogen compounds exported from the nodules, in one of the most critical periods of the life cycle of this crops that is grains development was achieved by the use of 14C enriched tracers. The compounds 14C-ASN, 14C-ASP, 14C-GLN and 14C-GLU were commercially purchased, while 14C-ALN was obtained through chemical synthesis and labelling. Modifications were made in the process of ALN synthesis, starting from the condensation of the diethoxyaceti acid ethyl ester and urea, with significant increases on the yield. The 14C labeled nitrogen compounds were applied through the excised shoots of uniforms plants. The plants supplied with ALN showed intense high densities of labeling in young leaves, with much less retention in older leaves. The ASN and GLN reaveled less retention of label in interveinal regions of young leaves and old leaves, when compared with middle leaves. This pattern suggests that 14C do not arrive in any great amounts in the young leaves of the meristematic regions when GLN and ASN are supplied. The dicarboxylic amino acids (14C-GLU and 14C-ASP) showed heavier labeling in regions of young leaves than their corresponding amides. During pod development period, the percentage of recovery of ALN in pods walls did not differ statistically of that showed by amides and amino acids, in spite of the rates of transfers. The transference of nitrogenous compounds studied, decreased with pod maturation, even so, the ureides showed a somehow superior rates of transference, demonstrating its importance to the nitrogen nutrition of the pods. The distribution of the nitrogenous compounds labeled with 14C to the grains was similar for all the compounds tested. Developing grains showed a percentually higher recovery when asparagine was supplied declining abruptly with the maturation. ALN however showed a homogenous distribution for all the phases of grain development. These results seem to corroborate the hypothesis that ureides are capable of maintaining an appropriate supply of nitrogen, during the development of the pods and seeds, resulting in better harvest indexes than other forms of nitrogenous compounds. MenosO nitrogenio e o nutriente mais limitante para o crescimento das plantas, especialmente em sistemas agricolas. As plantas normalmente adquirem nitrogenio do solo em uma forma inorganica. Na ausencia de um suprimento adequado de nitrogenio do solo, algumas especies de leguminosas sao capazes de formar uma associacao simbiotica com bacterias fixadoras de nitrogenio conhecidas como rizobio. Atraves desta simbiose, a planta e capaz de obter parte ou todo o nitrogenio requerido para seu crescimento. O crescimento e o rendimento de leguminosas produtoras de graos, dependentes da fixacao biologica de nitrogenio, sao o resultado da distribuicao e utilizacao dos compostos dependentes das interacoes entre a planta e a estirpe de rizobio, provenientes da associacao simbiotica. Para a soja, a eficiencia da fixacao simbiotica tem sido relacionada com a proporcao de ureidos na seiva xilematica e a particao destes para os frutos e graos. Tendo em vista a importancia desta cultura para o Brasil, tem-se buscado um melhor entendimento da fisiologia desta cultura, principalmente no que diz respeito a assimilacao, transporte e distribuicao dos compostos nitrogenados oriundos da fixacao simbiotica. Visando o estudo da distribuicao dos compostos nitrogenados provenientes da associacao simbiotica, em um dos periodos mais criticos do ciclo desta cultura, a fase de enchimento de graos, fez-se uso de compostos nitrogenados enriquecidos com o radiosotopo 14C. Os compostos 14C-ASN, 14C-ASP, 14C-GLN e 1... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesagro: |
Composto Nitrogenado; Glycine Max; Nódulo; Soja. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
organic nitrogen compounds; root nodules; soybeans. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 07645nam a2200217 a 4500
001 1623276
005 1999-09-14
008 1997 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aALENCAR, S. M. de
245 $aDistribuição dos compostos nitrogenados exportados pelos nódulos de soja (Glycine max), através do uso de traçadores enriquecidos com 14C.
260 $a1997. 109 f. Tese (Mestrado em Agronomia, área em Ciência do Solo) - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ.$c1997
490 $aTese de Mestrado.
500 $aTese de Mestrado. Orientada por Maria Cristina Prata Neves; Norma Gouvea Rumjanek.
520 $aO nitrogenio e o nutriente mais limitante para o crescimento das plantas, especialmente em sistemas agricolas. As plantas normalmente adquirem nitrogenio do solo em uma forma inorganica. Na ausencia de um suprimento adequado de nitrogenio do solo, algumas especies de leguminosas sao capazes de formar uma associacao simbiotica com bacterias fixadoras de nitrogenio conhecidas como rizobio. Atraves desta simbiose, a planta e capaz de obter parte ou todo o nitrogenio requerido para seu crescimento. O crescimento e o rendimento de leguminosas produtoras de graos, dependentes da fixacao biologica de nitrogenio, sao o resultado da distribuicao e utilizacao dos compostos dependentes das interacoes entre a planta e a estirpe de rizobio, provenientes da associacao simbiotica. Para a soja, a eficiencia da fixacao simbiotica tem sido relacionada com a proporcao de ureidos na seiva xilematica e a particao destes para os frutos e graos. Tendo em vista a importancia desta cultura para o Brasil, tem-se buscado um melhor entendimento da fisiologia desta cultura, principalmente no que diz respeito a assimilacao, transporte e distribuicao dos compostos nitrogenados oriundos da fixacao simbiotica. Visando o estudo da distribuicao dos compostos nitrogenados provenientes da associacao simbiotica, em um dos periodos mais criticos do ciclo desta cultura, a fase de enchimento de graos, fez-se uso de compostos nitrogenados enriquecidos com o radiosotopo 14C. Os compostos 14C-ASN, 14C-ASP, 14C-GLN e 14C-GLU foram adquiridos comercialmente, enquanto que a 14C-ALN foi obtida atraves do enriquecimento por meio de sintese quimica. Foram feitas modificacoes do processo de sintese de ALN, a partir da condensacao do ester etilico do acido dicloroacetico e ureia, com aumentos significativos do rendimento. Os compostos nitrogenados enriquecidos com 14C foram aplicados atraves da via fluxo transpiracional. As plantas supridas com ALN mostraram uma intensa marcacao nas folhas mais novas, com pouca marcacao nas folhas mais velhas. A ASN e a GLN apresentaram uma menor intensidade de marcacao nas regioes internervais das folhas mais novas e nas folhas mais idosas, quando comparados com aquelas das folhas intermediarias. Este padrao de marcacao sugere, assim, que o 14C nao chega em grandes quantidades nas folhas mas novas quando se fornece os compostos nitrogenados na forma de GLN e ASN. Os aminoacidos dicarboxilicos (14C-GLU e 14C-ASP) mostraram forte marcacao nas folhas mais novas quando comparados com as amidas correspondentes. Nos frutos em inicio da formacao, a porcentagem de recuperacao da ALN marcada nas vagens das plantas, nao diferiu estatisticamente das amidas e aminoacidos, apesar das taxas de transferencias, de todos os compostos nitrogenados, diminuirem com a fase de maturacoa, assim mesmo, os ureidos mostraram-se superiores, demonstrando sua importancia para a nutricao nitrogenada das vagens. A distribuicao, dos compostos nitrogenados enriquecidos com 14C, nos graos foi semelhante para todos os compostos testados. Os graos em formacao, mostraram uma alta procentagem de recuperacao para a amida asparagina, declinando bruscamenete com o amadurecimento. J a ALN, mostrou uma distribuicao similar em todas as fases de desenvolvimento dos graos. Estes resultados corroboram a hipotese de que os ureidos sao capazes de manter um adequado suprimento de nitrogenio, necessario ao desenvolvimento das vagens e sementes, resultando em melhores indices de colheita. Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient to plant growth, especially in agricultural systems. Plants normally acquire nitrogen from the soil in inorganic form. In the absence of an adequate supply of available soil nitrogen, certain leguminous species are capable of forming a symbiotic association with nitrogen fixing microorganism. Through this symbiosis, the plant is able to obtain part or all of the nitrogen required for plant growth. Growth and seed yields of grain legumes depending on biological nitrogen fixation are the result of interactions between plant cultivars and rhizobium strains, which affect the intake, distribution, and utilization of nitrogen compounds produced in the nodules. For soybean, biological nitrogen fixation efficiency has been related to ureide contents in xylem sap and, the partitioning of these compounds for pod and seed production. Due to the importance of this crop to Brazil, research efforts have been directed to the comprehensive understand of the physiology of this plant, mainly respect to the assimilation, transport and distribution of the nitrogeneous compounds provenient from the symbiotic fixation. The study of the distribution of nitrogen compounds exported from the nodules, in one of the most critical periods of the life cycle of this crops that is grains development was achieved by the use of 14C enriched tracers. The compounds 14C-ASN, 14C-ASP, 14C-GLN and 14C-GLU were commercially purchased, while 14C-ALN was obtained through chemical synthesis and labelling. Modifications were made in the process of ALN synthesis, starting from the condensation of the diethoxyaceti acid ethyl ester and urea, with significant increases on the yield. The 14C labeled nitrogen compounds were applied through the excised shoots of uniforms plants. The plants supplied with ALN showed intense high densities of labeling in young leaves, with much less retention in older leaves. The ASN and GLN reaveled less retention of label in interveinal regions of young leaves and old leaves, when compared with middle leaves. This pattern suggests that 14C do not arrive in any great amounts in the young leaves of the meristematic regions when GLN and ASN are supplied. The dicarboxylic amino acids (14C-GLU and 14C-ASP) showed heavier labeling in regions of young leaves than their corresponding amides. During pod development period, the percentage of recovery of ALN in pods walls did not differ statistically of that showed by amides and amino acids, in spite of the rates of transfers. The transference of nitrogenous compounds studied, decreased with pod maturation, even so, the ureides showed a somehow superior rates of transference, demonstrating its importance to the nitrogen nutrition of the pods. The distribution of the nitrogenous compounds labeled with 14C to the grains was similar for all the compounds tested. Developing grains showed a percentually higher recovery when asparagine was supplied declining abruptly with the maturation. ALN however showed a homogenous distribution for all the phases of grain development. These results seem to corroborate the hypothesis that ureides are capable of maintaining an appropriate supply of nitrogen, during the development of the pods and seeds, resulting in better harvest indexes than other forms of nitrogenous compounds.
650 $aorganic nitrogen compounds
650 $aroot nodules
650 $asoybeans
650 $aComposto Nitrogenado
650 $aGlycine Max
650 $aNódulo
650 $aSoja
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Agrobiologia (CNPAB) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Arroz e Feijão. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpaf.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Arroz e Feijão. |
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Data corrente: |
06/08/2019 |
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Data da última atualização: |
12/02/2020 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 2 |
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Autoria: |
ALVARES, R. C.; STONEHOUSE, R.; SOUZA, T. L. P. O.; MELO, P. G. S.; MIKLAS, P. N.; BETT, K. E.; MELO, L. C.; RODRIGUES, L. A.; SOUZA, L. L.; PEREIRA, H. S. |
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Afiliação: |
RENATA C. ALVARES, UFG; ROBERT STONEHOUSE, UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN, Canada; THIAGO LIVIO PESSOA OLIV DE SOUZA, CNPAF; PATRICIA G. S. MELO, UFG; PHILLIP N. MIKLAS, USDA, Prosser-WA; KIRSTIN E. BETT, UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN, Canada; LEONARDO CUNHA MELO, CNPAF; LUANA ALVES RODRIGUES, CNPAF; LORENA L. SOUZA, UFG; HELTON SANTOS PEREIRA, CNPAF. |
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Título: |
Generation and validation of genetic markers for the selection of carioca dry bean genotypes with the slow-darkening seed coat trait. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2019 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Euphytica, v. 215, n. 8, Aug. 2019. |
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ISSN: |
1573-5060 |
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DOI: |
10.1007/s10681-019-2461-y |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Slow darkening (SD) is a trait that helps to maintain a brighter seed coat appearance in certain market classes of dry beans. The aim of this study was to generate new fluorescence-based markers and validate previously identified microsatellite markers for linkage to the SD trait in lines of the carioca market class. Four segregating populations were generated by Embrapa, the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, from crosses between the SD cultivar BRSMG Madrepérola and the regular-darkening cultivars BRS Estilo, BRS Cometa, BRS Notável and BRS Sublime. These populations were screened with the simple-sequence markers Pvsd-1158 and PVM02TC116 and with a TaqMan marker designed for the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) PvbHLHp12804. A KASP marker was also designed for the PvbHLHp12804 marker for testing on advanced carioca lines developed by the University of Saskatchewan. In the carioca lines developed by Embrapa, PVM02TC116 proved unsuitable for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Both the Pvsd-1158 and PvbHLHp12804 markers were found to be tightly linked to the gene responsible for the SD trait, with genetic distances calculated at 2.8 cM for Pvsd-1158 and 2.0 and 3.1 cM for PvbbHLHp12804, respectively. These markers presented more than 97% of selection efficiency. The genotypic scoring using the PvbHLHp12804 KASP marker was perfectly correlated with the phenotype in all lines of the University of Saskatchewan. The results of this study validates the use of Pvsd-1158 as a gel-based marker for SD in carioca beans. The new fluorescence-based SNP PvbHLHp12804 markers exhibited very tight linkage to SD in carioca and pinto bean lines. These markers will be ideal for MAS for the SD trait in these market classes. MenosSlow darkening (SD) is a trait that helps to maintain a brighter seed coat appearance in certain market classes of dry beans. The aim of this study was to generate new fluorescence-based markers and validate previously identified microsatellite markers for linkage to the SD trait in lines of the carioca market class. Four segregating populations were generated by Embrapa, the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, from crosses between the SD cultivar BRSMG Madrepérola and the regular-darkening cultivars BRS Estilo, BRS Cometa, BRS Notável and BRS Sublime. These populations were screened with the simple-sequence markers Pvsd-1158 and PVM02TC116 and with a TaqMan marker designed for the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) PvbHLHp12804. A KASP marker was also designed for the PvbHLHp12804 marker for testing on advanced carioca lines developed by the University of Saskatchewan. In the carioca lines developed by Embrapa, PVM02TC116 proved unsuitable for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Both the Pvsd-1158 and PvbHLHp12804 markers were found to be tightly linked to the gene responsible for the SD trait, with genetic distances calculated at 2.8 cM for Pvsd-1158 and 2.0 and 3.1 cM for PvbbHLHp12804, respectively. These markers presented more than 97% of selection efficiency. The genotypic scoring using the PvbHLHp12804 KASP marker was perfectly correlated with the phenotype in all lines of the University of Saskatchewan. The results of this study validates the use of Pvsd-1158... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
SNP; SSR. |
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Thesagro: |
Feijão; Genótipo; Marcador Molecular; Melhoramento Genético Vegetal; Phaseolus Vulgaris. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Beans; Marker-assisted selection. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
G Melhoramento Genético |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02782naa a2200361 a 4500
001 2111158
005 2020-02-12
008 2019 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $a1573-5060
024 7 $a10.1007/s10681-019-2461-y$2DOI
100 1 $aALVARES, R. C.
245 $aGeneration and validation of genetic markers for the selection of carioca dry bean genotypes with the slow-darkening seed coat trait.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2019
520 $aSlow darkening (SD) is a trait that helps to maintain a brighter seed coat appearance in certain market classes of dry beans. The aim of this study was to generate new fluorescence-based markers and validate previously identified microsatellite markers for linkage to the SD trait in lines of the carioca market class. Four segregating populations were generated by Embrapa, the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, from crosses between the SD cultivar BRSMG Madrepérola and the regular-darkening cultivars BRS Estilo, BRS Cometa, BRS Notável and BRS Sublime. These populations were screened with the simple-sequence markers Pvsd-1158 and PVM02TC116 and with a TaqMan marker designed for the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) PvbHLHp12804. A KASP marker was also designed for the PvbHLHp12804 marker for testing on advanced carioca lines developed by the University of Saskatchewan. In the carioca lines developed by Embrapa, PVM02TC116 proved unsuitable for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Both the Pvsd-1158 and PvbHLHp12804 markers were found to be tightly linked to the gene responsible for the SD trait, with genetic distances calculated at 2.8 cM for Pvsd-1158 and 2.0 and 3.1 cM for PvbbHLHp12804, respectively. These markers presented more than 97% of selection efficiency. The genotypic scoring using the PvbHLHp12804 KASP marker was perfectly correlated with the phenotype in all lines of the University of Saskatchewan. The results of this study validates the use of Pvsd-1158 as a gel-based marker for SD in carioca beans. The new fluorescence-based SNP PvbHLHp12804 markers exhibited very tight linkage to SD in carioca and pinto bean lines. These markers will be ideal for MAS for the SD trait in these market classes.
650 $aBeans
650 $aMarker-assisted selection
650 $aFeijão
650 $aGenótipo
650 $aMarcador Molecular
650 $aMelhoramento Genético Vegetal
650 $aPhaseolus Vulgaris
653 $aSNP
653 $aSSR
700 1 $aSTONEHOUSE, R.
700 1 $aSOUZA, T. L. P. O.
700 1 $aMELO, P. G. S.
700 1 $aMIKLAS, P. N.
700 1 $aBETT, K. E.
700 1 $aMELO, L. C.
700 1 $aRODRIGUES, L. A.
700 1 $aSOUZA, L. L.
700 1 $aPEREIRA, H. S.
773 $tEuphytica$gv. 215, n. 8, Aug. 2019.
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